Hoe (tool)

A hoe, agricultural and Hau, hoe, regional, primarily called Upper German and Austro- German and Heindl, Heinl, Häundl, Häunl, rake or cramps, modified also Karst, is a hand tool for working the soil, especially for relaxation and to release the soil.

3.1 The hoe as a coat of arms

Construction and origin

To see scarf: scarf ( pre-and early history )

In contrast to the pimple ( pickaxe, hoe pick ) the hoe has a transverse leaf geschäftetes, at its rear end for receiving the stem either an annular eyelet (the house ) or a duel is in which the stem is inserted. In many types of building the chopping blade is pushed from the handle to the stem and fixed forth not by counter wedges, but by the widening of the shaft. Depending on the design and use of the stem is about 1.00 m to 1.40 m long, with one-hand hoes also shorter, at field devices even longer.

Original shape of the heel is the knee- shaped grave floor, which marks as a regular form of agriculture the beginning of the Hack construction.

Similar tools are adzes for woodworking and the cocked hat for processing a stone and the stone hoe for the extraction of stone slabs.

The Egyptian Pharaoh Scorpion II with box rake, v. to 3100 AD

Egyptian field hoe, British Museum, Figure from 1903

Field hoe with spateligem sheet for dense soils (from the coat of arms of the village Číměř nad Jihlavou, Czech Republic)

Forms, functions and use

Field cultivator in agriculture

As agricultural equipment and mattock, field hoe, hoe, hoe field, rake, rake Erdharke or field called, size and shape of the leaf are dependent on the intended use, in particular of the " severity " and the stoniness of the soil. Thus, regionally diverse formations have developed.

To loosen "heavy" - ie loamy or clayey - soils a small hack sheet is used for loose and sandy soils, however, a large and broad leaf, such as in the Hoe or the comparable Schuffeleisen.

With the hoe the ground is not - turned, but it retains its original stratification - as with the spade or the plow.

Apart from the small nursery and home garden - - Today, the hoe is mostly only used as agricultural equipment in developing countries; in industrialized countries, it is mostly displaced by the plow, tiller and tiller.

Rodehacke in the clearing

As a tool for clearing called ( the " Reuten " ) of shrubs and trees also Rodehacke, Rodehaken, Rodehaue, Rodhaue, Radehacke ( Saxon ), Reuthaue, Reuthacke, Reute or riding hack, is to remove the roots - as a transitional form adze - a hoe used particularly robust construction.

Rodehacke in the arms of the municipality Rowing Village, County Sömmerda, Thuringia

Rodehacke in the arms of the municipality Pingelshagen, County Northwest Mecklenburg, Mecklenburg- Vorpommern

Pickax, pickaxe Wiedehopfhacke

The pickaxe, also referred to as a pick ax is, strictly speaking, a pimple with two peaks instead of the chopping blade.

Called The pickaxe, also flat pick or flat pick-ax, Upper German as cramps, in eastern Europe as Krumpatsch ( Czech Krumpáč ), colloquially referred to and as a trade name as " pickaxe " par excellence, is a hoe with two differently shaped leaves: As a mixed form of pimples and hoe is a leaf pointy shaped ( more or less ), while the other layer forms a cross geschäftetes, flattened Hack sheet, which expires in a shallow cutting. The pickaxe is mainly used in earthworks and civil engineering to solve rocky and boulder- rich soils.

The Wiedehopfhacke has a transverse leaf and geschäftetes - similar to an ax or hatchet - a longitudinal geschäftetes sheet; it is mainly used to work in heavily the rooted soil.

Pickaxe ( flat pickaxe )

" Haueisen " ( pick-ax )

Modifications and combinations

Hoes with tines in additional function of a Erdrechens are also known as karst.

Again, there are many variations; those called with strongly cranked neck or steeply backward blade tip, also Scharre, form transitional forms to Sauzahn ( cultivator ).

For weeding the Schuffel was developed, wherein the chopping blade is mounted horizontally.

Light (Garden ) hoe with leaf and Karst

Kultivatorähnliche Scharre (from the arms of the city Chrastava, Czech Republic)

Schuffel weeding.

Heraldry

Since the hoe epitome of medieval Conquest is, many coat of arms contain Hoes as heraldic element. The hoe refers in general to arable farming or forestry work; for a reference to deforestation, with reference to the emergence of a settlement a Rodehacke is often emblazoned. In clearing the image name is " speaking ". Individual hoes are related to metal processing ( Werkzeugschmiederei ).

The tool is a "common character"; a privileged position in blazon is not occupied. These representations are also werkzeugkundlich interesting because they reflect the regional forms.

The hoe as a coat of arms

In Mecklenburg the Rodehacke is also depicted in the coat of arms of Möllenhagen and Roevershagen.

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