Marchaux
Marchaux is a commune in the French department Doubs in the Franche -Comté. It is the capital of the canton in the Arrondissement Marchaux Besançon.
Geography
Marchaux is located on 297 m, about 12 km northeast of the city of Besançon (air line). The village is located in the rolling countryside between the river valleys of Doubs and Ognon, in a valley between the mountain ranges of the Bois de Sassy in the South and Grande Côte in the north.
The area of 10:06 km ² municipal area includes a portion in the extreme north- western ridges of the Jura. The main part of the territory occupied by the wide valley of Marchaux that is drained to the north- east to Ognon. This sink is passed partly under arable and meadow land, partly with forest ( Forêt de Chailluz the west). It is (500 m) to the south from the ridge of the Bois de Sassy, which separates the area from the Doubs Valley. To the north, the municipality's area extends up to the crest of the Grande Côte, on the 530 m, the highest elevation of Marchaux is achieved. This ridge forms in geological- tectonic respects an anticline and is oriented along the strike of the Jura Mountains in the southwest-northeast.
Neighboring communities of Marchaux are Vieilley, Venise, Champoux and Chaudefontaine in the north, Châtillon- Guyotte in the east, and Amagney Thise in the south and Braillans in the West.
History
Is first mentioned in the year 967 Marchaux under the name Marcaléo. Over time, the spelling on Merchal ( 1171 ), Marc skin ( 1262 ) and Marchault ( 1420 ) transformed to the present name. In the Middle Ages had several dominations possession in Marchaux, most notably the rule of Châtillon- Guyotte. Together with the Franche -Comté reached the village with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678 definitively to France.
Attractions
The single-nave church of Saint -Martin, which originally dates back to the 10th century, was rebuilt in 1715 to 1719 in Greco- Roman style. Worth seeing is ( used as a fountain, livestock watering and laundry ) with its columns and the Mairie - lavoir.
Population
With 1161 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2011) Marchaux one of the smaller communities of the department of Doubs. After the population had decreased in the first half of the 20th century (1886 422 persons were still counted ), a striking population growth was recorded since the early 1960s again. Since then, the population has more than tripled.
Economy and infrastructure
Marchaux was until well into the 20th century a predominantly by agriculture (crops, orchards and livestock ) and forestry embossed village. In addition, there are now various operations of the local small business sector and the retail trade. On the outskirts, a commercial zone has been set up in recent years, in which 20 companies have settled. Meanwhile, the village has also changed into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who engage in the agglomeration Besançon their work.
The village has good transport links. It lies on the secondary road that leads from Besancon to Rougemont. The nearest links to the A36 motorway, which crosses the municipality, is located at a distance of about 2 km. With the commissioning of this connection a local bypass road was built so that Marchaux is now relieved of through traffic. Further road links exist with Champoux, Châtillon- Guyotte and Amagney.