Sintra
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Template: Infobox city in Portugal / Maintenance / No Freguesia
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Sintra is a small town ( Vila ) in Portugal, about 25 km west of Lisbon. It belongs to the same Municipio. The place is known primarily for his part centuries-old palaces that attract tourists from all over the world. Since 1995, the Cultural Landscape of Sintra is a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
- 4.1 community
- 4.2 The circle
- 4.3 Demographics
- 4.4 Local holiday
- 4.5 Town twinning
- 6.1 transport
- 6.2 Highway
- 6.3 military airfield Sintra
History
Traces of the earliest human occupation lead here to the Paleolithic period, about the findings of Penha Verde. Among the Neolithic finds is close to the Castle of the Moors excavated settlement São Pedro de Canaferrim mentioned. The dome grave of Monge comes from the Copper Age. In the Serra de Sintra, there are other traces of prehistoric settlement, to the Bronze Age and until the arrival of the Roman Empire. From Roman times comes, inter alia, the dam Barragem romana de Belas, in Belas and the Roman road calçada na Catribana. A more prominent place called Xintara or Shantara is mentioned from the records after the Arab conquest by the Moors from 711. Thus, the Arab geographer Al- Bacr described in the 11th century the town as a seaside fortified settlement, which was under Lisbon. Other sources from the al -Andalus named the place as the most important to Lisbon in the region.
Sintra experienced since the 8th century, a number of Christian conquests and Arab reconquest until Portugal's first king D.Afonso Henriques after the Siege of Lisbon, the land occupied in 1147 final. 1154 Sintra was the first city rights by D.Afonso Henriques. During the 12th and 13th century brought a series circuit Sintra monasteries, attracted by the fertile soil. The European home seekers in the 14th century plague epidemic of the Black Death reached in 1348 as Sintra.
King D.Manuel I took from the end of the 15th century, extensive redesigns in the town of Sintra before. From the 16th century the popularity of Sintra increased with the upper classes, and noble families built in the district of Sintra some mansions. The Lisbon earthquake of 1755 also called in Sintra produced considerable destruction, which subsequently was followed by extensive work of reconstruction. Late 18th century arose with the textile printing and dyeing Fábrica de Estamparia de Rio de Mouro the first industrial facility in a circle.
Sintra was especially since the 19th century and increasingly destination for young people, especially international artists and industrialist families searched the area on. Writers such as Lord Byron, Eca de Queiroz and Hans Christian Andersen have their enthusiasm for landscape, climate and architecture of Sintra held literary.
From 3 to 6 June 1999, the 47th Bilderberg conference was held in Sintra.
Culture and sights
Attractions
- Palácio Nacional de Sintra (also called or Palácio da Vila Paço Real )
- Castle of the Moors
- Palácio Nacional da Pena
- Parque de Pena
- Convento dos Capuchos
- Palácio de Monserrate
- Quinta da Regaleira
- Igreja do São Martinho
- Dome grave of Monge ( Copper Age )
- The archaeological site of Sitio de arqueológico Cola Ride ( Roman)
- The Roman Villa romana da Granja dos Serrões in Montelavar
- In the historical building of the royal guard with the characteristic clock tower, the Pousada D. Maria I was opened in 1995 as a Pousada
In Sintra county also is Cabo da Roca, the Cape is the westernmost point of mainland Europe. Trails are created in the county, including walks and park walks, such as the Parque da Pena.
The Lisbon Aqueduct Aqueduto das Águas Livres begins in Belas, in the district of Sintra.
Museums
- The gaily decorated Museu do Brinquedo shows on four floors 40,000 toys from the 3rd century BC until today
- The Museu de Arte Moderna is housed in a 1920 built casino and displays an extensive collection of modern art
- The Museu Anjos Teixeira, the collections of the two sculptor brothers Anjos Teixeira are seen
- At the Roman ruins Ruínas de São Miguel de Odrinhas also houses a museum
- Centro Cultural Olga Cadaval also in exhibitions, in addition to events in the halls, shown
- Aviation Museum Museu do Ar ( see section below for military airfield, under traffic )
- The Science Museum Centro Ciência Viva de Sintra (German: Centre of lively science of Sintra )
Palácio Nacional da Pena
View from the Castle of the Moors at Palácio Nacional da Pena
Restaurant Adega das Caves opposite the Palacio Nacional with typical blue azulejos lining
View from the Castle of the Moors in Sintra
The village of Colares, in the town of Colares
Sports
The women's team was founded on December 1, 1880 the football club Sociedade União 1 º Dezembro 's record champion of the Campeonato Nacional, the top division of women's football in Portugal. The men's team of SU 1 ° Dezembro played in the Saision 2013/14 in the third division, in the Série G of the Campeonato Nacional de Seniores. The home ground of the association is the Campo de Conde Sucena with 1,500 seats.
The football club Sport União Sintrense was founded in 1911 and played in the 2013/14 season with local rivals SU 1 ° Dezembro in the third division, also in the Série G of the Campeonato Nacional de Seniores. The club's stadium Estádio do Sport União Sintrense holds 2,800 spectators. Other football clubs in the county, which all play in leagues of the District Association, are Atlético Clube do Cacém, Clube Atlético Pêro Pinheiro, the Real Sport Clube from Queluz, the Sporting Clube de Lourel, and the Mem Martins Sport Clube, which is also characterized by a variety practiced sports distinguished.
We should also mention the roller hockey club hockey Clube de Sintra.
1999 took place the International Golf Tournament Estoril Open in the district.
Management
Community
The circle
Sintra is the administrative seat of the homonymous district ( concelho ) in the District of Lisbon. On 30 June 2011 the county had 377 249 inhabitants in an area of 319.2 km ².
The neighboring districts are (clockwise starting from the north ): Mafra, Loures, Amadora, Oeiras and Cascais. To the west of the county Sintra borders on the Atlantic Ocean.
The following municipalities ( Freguesias ) lying in circle Sintra:
- Agualva ( Agualva -Cacém )
- Algueirão -Mem Martins
- Almargem do Bispo
- Belas
- Cacém ( Agualva -Cacém )
- Casal de Cambra
- Colares
- Massamá ( Queluz )
- Mira Sintra ( Agualva -Cacém )
- Monte Abraão ( Queluz )
- Montelavar
- Pero Pinheiro
- Queluz ( Queluz )
- Rio de Mouro
- Santa Maria e São Miguel ( Sintra )
- São João das Lampas
- São Marcos ( Agualva -Cacém )
- São Martinho ( Sintra )
- São Pedro de Penaferrim ( Sintra )
- Terrugem
Demographics
Local holiday
- June 29
Twinning
- Morocco: El Jadida, Morocco ( since 1988)
- Cape Verde: Vila Nova Sintra, Cape Verde (since 1995)
- Angola: Lobito, Angola (since 1997)
- Brazil: Petrópolis, Brazil ( since 1997)
- Guinea- Bissau: Bissau, Guinea- Bissau ( 1997 )
- Sao Tome and Principe: Trindade, São Tomé and Príncipe (since 1997)
- Japan: Omura, Japan ( since 1997)
- United States: Honolulu, United States ( since 1998)
- Mozambique: Namaacha, Mozambique (since 1999)
- Cuba: Havana, Cuba ( since 2000)
- Morocco: Asilah, Morocco ( since August 2006)
Economy
Among the companies based here include the headquarters of the paper company Inapa, the international stadium construction companies Lusoarenas, Maschinenfabrik Galucho, including A variety of foundations have to circle their seats by Sintra tourism is important.
Traffic
Transport
The train station of Sintra is the terminus of the Linha de Sintra, a line of the S -Bahn -like Vorortzugsystems of Lisbon ( starting at the Estação Rossio ). The Linha de Sintra served even the Portela de Sintra train station within the city limits.
From the bus station at Portela de Sintra Train Station Bus services, eg in about 30 minutes after Estoril. The Scotturb ( Sintra- Cascais Oeiras Transportes Terrestres Urbano ) operates over 70 regional bus lines, along with other transport companies offer connections.
The urban tram Sintra leads to the Atlantic coast to the beach at Praia das Macas, either in open (usually yellow ) car, or in a closed ( usually red ) wagons. From Friday to Sunday, she runs every fixed schedule, while it starts only after pre-orders from Tuesday to Thursday.
Long-distance traffic
With the 7 kilometers away from the city center stop Mira- Sintra- Meleças the Linha do Oeste Sintra is connected to the railway network in the country.
The A16 and A37 lead from the Greater Lisbon to Sintra. The national road N375 leads from Sintra towards the coast.
About five miles outside of Sintra is in a northeasterly direction a military airfield of the Portuguese Air Force.
Military airfield Sintra
The military airfield Sintra ( Portuguese: Base Aérea de Sintra ) is a military airfield in the Portuguese Air Força Aérea Portuguesa Armed Forces (FAP ), which officially lists him as Base Aérea N º 1 (BA1 ). The base is located at the Granja do Marquês and in 1914 this was the "cradle" of the Portuguese military aviation. Here training aircraft are stationed as part of the Força Aérea da Academia today. In addition, it houses the Museum of the Air Force, the Aeronautical Museum Museu do Ar.
The train station of Sintra
The Aviation Museum Museu do Ar
Bus SCOTTURB to Cabo da Roca
In the tram depot Sintra
The train station of Sintra and the surrounding countryside
Sons and daughters of the town
- Domingos Anes Jardo († 1293 ), bishop of Évora and Lisbon
- Alfonso V (1432 - 1481), King of Portugal
- Francisco de Melo e Castro (1600-1664), colonial administrator
- Emanuel Herigoyen (1746-1817), architect, worked mainly in Bavaria
- Peter I ( Brazil) ( 1798-1834 ), King of Portugal and Brazilian Emperor
- D.Miguel I. (1802-1866), King of Portugal
- Tomás de Sousa Rosa (1844-1918), military, colonial administrator, diplomat and politician
- Francisco dos Santos (1878-1930), sculptor and painter
- Porfírio Pardal Monteiro (1897-1957), architect and university teachers
- João Faria da Costa (1906-1971), architect and town planner
- Neva Raphaello (1915-1975), jazz and blues singer
- João Apolinário (1924-1988), poet and journalist
- António Pardal Monteiro (1928-2012), architect
- Henrique Espírito Santo ( born 1931 ), film director and producer
- Vasco Teves Hogan ( born 1931 ), television journalist
- Manuel António dos Santos Lourenço (1936-2009), philosopher, author, translator, professor of mathematics and logic
- Ema Berta ( born 1944 ), painter
- Nuno Rebocho (* 1945), writer and journalist
- Ana Bela Alves, Ana, (born 1954 ), singer
- Vasco Martins ( born 1956 ), Cape Verdean musicians
- Manuela Bravo ( b. 1957 ), singer
- Aura Miguel, journalist accredited to the Holy See
- Mário Brás (* 1968), rally driver
- Paulo Taful (born 1969 ), composer and conductor
- Marco Paulo Faria de Lemos (born 1973 ), football coach
- Miguel Ribeiro ( b. 1974 ), writer and director
- Luís Loureiro (born 1976 ), football player
- Hugo Filipe Silva Colaço Gonçalves ( born 1977 ), football player
- Tiago Guillul (born 1978 ), musician and producer
- Marco Caneira ( b. 1979 ), football player
- Sérgio Brás David de Silveira ( born 1981 ), football player
- Ricardo Barreiros (* 1982 ), roller hockey player, top scorer in the Euro 2008
- Andreia Rodrigues ( born 1984 ), model and television presenter
- Ricardo Baleia Janota (* 1987), football player
- Bruno Pereirinha (* 1988), football player
Dom Pedro
Dom Miguel
João Apolinário
Manuel António dos Santos Lourenço
Andreia Rodrigues (as reigning Miss Portugal at the Miss World beauty pageant 2008)