Staatskapelle Dresden

The Staatskapelle Dresden is one of the leading and most traditional orchestras in the world. It was founded on September 22, 1548 by Elector Moritz of Saxony Johann Walter and is the only still existing orchestra, which has performed more than four and a half centuries without interruption and at the same time - as evidenced by contemporary accounts - always one of the leading ensembles for different epochs belonged. Outstanding conductor and internationally acclaimed instrumentalists have marked the former court and today's Saxon State Orchestra since its founding. 2013 took over the orchestra, conducted by Christian Thielemann the content shown Salzburg Easter Festival.

  • 3.1 Known bandmaster and conductor
  • 3.2 Known soloists and instrumentalists
  • 3.3 Composers and Works

History

The court orchestra was the most important music ensemble of its time. She arrived in the 17th century under Heinrich Schütz their first bloom, but at the end of the Thirty Years' War, also a new low.

The Electoral Saxon and Royal Polish chapel was 1697-1756 under the reign of Friedrich August I and his son Friedrich August II was the former name of the ensemble its basis in the fact that both rulers ( with minor interruptions) not only Elector were from Saxony, but also ruled as kings over Poland.

At the Saxon court at Dresden court music was primarily under the Elector Johann Georg II (1656-1680) and Johann Georg III. (1680-1691) already in full flower. But the sign of the High Baroque, she experienced a further upswing. 1697, the year of the coronation of Frederick Augustus, the teaching load of the court music was indeed slashed in comparison with 1691 by about 15,000 thalers to only just under 7600 dollars, then rose but nearly 17,000 dollars to 1719 even 26400 dollars. However, This also includes the budget for the necessary after Frederick Augustus conversion become Catholic Hofkirche music. Was Kapellmeister Johann Christoph Schmidt, who initially after all, already more than 31 musicians ( Kapellknaben included) could have.

As a stroke of luck, the 1709 was an obligation of the violinist Jean -Baptiste Volumier proved to the concert master, the proud, the annual salary of 1200 thalers was awarded. 1712 aspiring young violinist Johann Georg Pisendel was set in 1715 of the then already very famous " Pantalonist " Hebenstreit, 1716 as Kapellmeister Johann David Heinichen, 1717 as the third Antonio Lotti. There were also, inter alia, his wife, the soprano Santa Stella, the castrato Francesco Bernardi, called " Senesino " ( for a salary of 70,000 thalers ) and the Italian violin virtuoso Francesco Maria Veracini. During the prolonged illness Heinichen until his death in 1729, the composer Jan Dismas Zelenka represented him in his role as conductor of the Electoral Saxon and Polish Royal Chapel.

1716/1717 Pisendel was sent to Italy to learn about the state of the violin art. There he got to know above all, Antonio Vivaldi, whose music he greatly admired. At the court of Dresden was considered thus gradually for the upcoming wedding festivities of the heir to the Austrian Archduchess Maria Josepha equipped.

After 1763 again Electoral Saxon chapel was out of this from 1807 onwards the Royal Saxon musical chapel, and after 1918 the Staatskapelle. In the communist era it was called " Staatskapelle Dresden " or " Dresden Staatskapelle " and received only after the turn its current name.

The public concert of the orchestra began in the late 18th century; Subscription concerts were introduced in 1858.

The Staatskapelle since the first third of the 17th century opera orchestra - to 1945 and after the reopening in 1985, it plays in the Semperoper.

Presence

From 1992 until his sudden death on 20 April 2001 Giuseppe Sinopoli was at the head of the orchestra. Then, in 2002 took over Bernard Haitink interim basis the position of principal conductor, but left in 2004 ahead of the orchestra. His final concert as its chief conductor he gave in November 2004 during a tour in Vienna. In September 2007, took over Fabio Luisi, chief conductor of the Vienna Symphony Orchestra, the position of music director. Since the season 2012/2013 Christian Thielemann was initially for seven years template: / In 5 years, the new chief conductor commits future.

Each season, the Staatskapelle are today 12 to 15 symphony and special concerts and plays in all opera productions, so almost every day. Among the special concerts are concerts in the Frauenkirche and special performance evenings. There are also matinees and youth projects.

The composer Isabel Mundry received in the 2007/2008 season the title Capell - Compositeur, the series was continued with Bernhard Lang, Rebecca Saunders, Johannes Maria Staud, Lera Auerbach, Hans Werner Henze and Wolfgang Rihm, is in the season 2014/2015 Sofia Gubaidulina hold the title. The Staatskapelle Dresden is a member of the sound power.

On 26 April 2007, the Staatskapelle Dresden was at the Palais Beaux -Arts in Brussels, the first ever by the European Cultural Foundation honorary "Prize for the Preservation of the World's Musical Heritage ".

Salzburg Easter Festival

Since the 2013 season, the Saxon State Orchestra is the orchestra in residence at the Salzburg Easter Festival, as the successor of the Berlin Philharmonic. Every year in Salzburg are an opera production and several orchestral concerts on the program. The Easter Festival under the direction of Christian Thielemann, who also conducts the Salzburg program most points since 2013.

Tours

Concert tours have taken the Saxon State Orchestra has in several German cities, to Japan, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Austria, Great Britain, Spain, the USA, Greece, Hungary and France and to the festivals in Lucerne, Edinburgh, London Proms, Salzburg, Prague, Bucharest and the Canary Islands.

Chamber Music

Besides the actual orchestral work, chamber music also the Staatskapelle is maintained by members of the orchestra, which goes back to the Musicians' Club, founded in 1854.

Personalities

Well-known bandmaster and conductor

The main bandmaster and conductor throughout the history of the chapel:

  • Johann Walter (1548-1554)
  • Mattheus Le Maistre (1555-1568)
  • Antonio Scandello (1568-1580)
  • Giovanni Battista Pinello di Ghirardi (1580-1584)
  • Rogier Michael (1587-1619)
  • Heinrich Schütz ( " Henricus Sagittarius" ) ( 1615-1672, court music )
  • Vincenzo Albrici (1654-1680)
  • Giovanni Andrea Bontempi (1656-1680)
  • Carlo Pallavicini (1666-1688)
  • Nicolaus Adam Strungk (1688-1700, court music )
  • Johann Christoph Schmidt (1697-1728, court music )
  • Antonio Lotti (1717-1719)
  • Johann David Heinichen (1717-1729)
  • Jan Dismas Zelenka (representatives Heinichen, unsuccessfully advertised as court conductor )
  • Giovanni Alberto Ristori (1725-1733 representatives Heinichen, unsuccessfully advertised as court music director, from 1750 Vice-Kapellmeister under Hasse )
  • Johann Adolph Hasse (1733-1763, court music )
  • Johann Gottlieb Naumann (1776-1801, court music )
  • Ferdinando Paer (1802-1806, court music )
  • Francesco Morlacchi (1810-1841, court music )
  • Carl Maria von Weber (1816-1826, court music )
  • Carl Gottlieb Reißiger (1826-1859, court music )
  • Richard Wagner (1843-1848, court music )
  • Carl August Krebs (1850-1880)
  • Julius Rietz (1860-1877, court music )
  • Franz Wüllner (1877-1882, court music )
  • Ernst von Schuch (1872-1914, court music, from 1889 GMD)
  • Kutzschbach Hermann (1898-1936)
  • Kurt Striegler (1886-1958)
  • Karl Pembaur ( Kapellmeister from 1913 to 1939 )
  • Fritz Reiner (1914-1921)
  • Fritz Busch (1922-1933)
  • Karl Böhm (1934-1942)
  • Karl Elmendorff (1943-1944)
  • Keilberth (1945-1950)
  • Rudolf Kempe (1950-1953)
  • Franz Konwitschny (1953-1955)
  • Lovro von Matacic (1956-1958)
  • Otmar Suitner (1960-1964)
  • Kurt Sanderling (1964-1967)
  • Martin Turnovsky (1967-1968)
  • Herbert Blomstedt (1975-1985)
  • Hans Vonk (1985-1990)
  • Giuseppe Sinopoli (1992-2001)
  • Bernard Haitink (2002-2004)
  • Fabio Luisi (2007-2012)
  • Christian Thielemann (from 2012/2013 )

Conductor Laureate from 1991: Sir Colin Davis ( † 2013)

In recent times, the orchestra of Carlos Kleiber, Georges Prêtre, Christian Thielemann, Sir John Eliot Gardiner, Daniele Gatti, Herbert von Karajan, Myung- Whun Chung, Kent Nagano, Charles Dutoit, Daniel Harding, Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Sylvain Cambreling and Mikhail was Pletnev conducts.

Well-known soloists and instrumentalists

Members of the Saxon State Orchestra, which partly also occur soloists were:

Violinist ( Violinist )

  • Carlo Farina (1626-1629)
  • Johann Jakob Walther (1674-1680)
  • Johann Paul von Westhoff (1674-1697)
  • Jean -Baptiste Volumier ( Woulmyer ) ( from 1709)
  • Johann Georg Pisendel (1712-1755, Concertmaster)
  • Francesco Maria Veracini (1717-1722, Concertmaster)
  • Karol Lipiński (1840-1861, Concertmaster)
  • François Schubert (1861-1878, Concertmaster)
  • Johann Christoph Lauterbach ( 1861 -? ) ( Concertmaster )
  • Theo Bauer (1898-1939)
  • Henri Petri (1853-1914, Concertmaster)

Gambist

Cellist

  • Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer (1811-1850)
  • Friedrich August Kummer ( 1817 )
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Griitzmacher
  • Rudolf Kratina (1916-1938)
  • Karl Hesse ( bis1945 )
  • Peter Bruns
  • Jan Vogler ( concertmaster 1984-1997 )
  • Isang David Enders ( Concertmaster)

Bassist

Lutenist

Pantaleonist

  • Pantaleon Hebenstreit (1714-1733)

Flutist

  • Pierre -Gabriel Buffardin (1714-1749)
  • Johann Joachim Quantz (1728-1741)
  • Anton Bernhard Fuerstenau (1819-1852)
  • Moritz Fuerstenau (1845-1889)
  • Eckart Haupt

Oboist

  • François le Riche
  • Johann Christian Richter

Clarinetist

  • Johann Gottlieb Kotte ( 1817 )

Bugler

Trombonist

  • Antonio Scandello (1549-1580)
  • Cerbonio Besozzi (from 1549)
  • Alois Bumpkin (1934-1982)
  • Werner Beyer (1952-1985)
  • Stefan Fritz (1973-1980)

Tubist

  • Heinz Forker (1934-1967)

Timpanist

  • Henry Knauer (1879-1947)

Composers and Works

The Staatskapelle were devoted to various works, others were premiered by her. These include works by Vivaldi to Wagner, Schumann, Liszt, Strauss, Hindemith, Weill, Blacher, among others to more recent compositions by Geissler, Kochan, carpenter, Matthus, Rihm, Kancheli and Ruzicka.

Especially Richard Strauss was the sound that is now internationally often still regarded as ' Strauss Orchestra ", connected over 60 years as a composer, conductor and friend; nine of his operas were premiered in Dresden ( including Salome, Elektra and Der Rosenkavalier ). He dedicated The Alpine Symphony of the Dresden orchestra.

Recordings

The discography of the orchestra since the early 1920s has made ​​a number of recordings of symphonic and operatic repertoire with renowned conductors. In the studio, the St. Luke's Church in Dresden produced numerous recordings for the label Eterna GDR, today the church for photographs of the Staatskapelle is utilized. Echo Klassik Award 2007, an edition was appreciated by Haenssler, the archived opera and concert recordings from early times to the present day records made ​​available to the public again. In addition, was and is the Staatskapelle continued to contractors large record label.

Maurice, Elector of Saxony John George II, Elector of Saxony Carlo Pallavicino Lovro von Matačić Martin Turnovský Hans Vonk (conductor) Paul Hindemith Boris Blacher Udo Zimmermann Siegfried Matthus Peter Ruzicka Salome (opera) An Alpine Symphony Integrated Authority File
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