List of bridges in Denmark
The list of bridges in Denmark leads to large and important road and railway bridges that are in the area of the actual territory of Denmark. Bridges in the autonomous territories Faroe Islands and Greenland are not listed.
Only at the end of the 19th century won the bridge in the country in importance. Previously, the long-distance transport was settled mainly by sea. Over three epochs the bridge construction reached in Denmark world-class level, these include three of the longest combined road and railway bridges in Europe: the 3199 m long Storstrømsbroen 1937, the western part of the Storebæltsbroen 1998 with a length of 6611 m and 7845 m long Oresund bridge in 2000.
History of bridge in Denmark
1844 was completed with the Frederiksbroen in Odense, the first cast iron bridge. With the opening of the first railway line between Copenhagen and Roskilde in 1847 the era of railways, in which permeated iron bridges and the state-owned company Danske Statsbaner claimed the leading institution in relation to the creation of bridges in Denmark began. Some examples are the railway bridges at Nykøbing over the Guldborgsund (1875 ), in Aalborg on the Limfjord (1879 ) and Vordingborg over the Masnedsund (1883 ).
The first bridges over waterways were pontoon bridges, which could be opened for vessel traffic on a swing part, so how about the Als Sound 1856 ( forerunner of the Kong Christian X 's Bro ), the Limfjord in 1865 ( forerunner of today's Limfjordsbroen ) and the Roskilde Fjord in 1868 ( forerunner of Crown Prince Frederik's Bro ).
First Era
If the construction of all major railway bridges in the 19th century, initially carried out by foreign companies and later founded Agger Skovgaard East field science to the bridge in Denmark, mediated by knowledge of statics and elasticity. There followed a period, emerged in the mid -1920s a number of major bridges at busy ferry Ellen and so 'together, larger parts of the country. This was financed mainly by foreign loans due to economic crises; the Danish State as the owner tried to stimulate the economy with the bridge construction projects. These include the first major bridge in Denmark, Lillebæltsbroen of 1935, Storstrømsbroen 1937, at that time with a length of 3.2 km of one of the longest bridges in Europe, as well as the Oddesundbroen of 1938. The only major bridges built during the Second World War and the postwar period were Aggersundbroen are from 1942 and the Dronning Alexandrine Bro from 1943, which has since been regarded as the " most beautiful bridge in Denmark ." Most projects had the handwriting of anchor Engelund, a student of the bridge pioneer Agger Skovgaard East field.
Local interest groups competed for the projects, but also opponents called on the plan and the local population was divided into two camps. An example in which penetrated the enemy, was the plan to build a bridge to Fano - in stark contrast to their southern neighbors on Romo, whose Rømødæmningen was completed in 1948.
Second Era
In the second period from the early 1950s unfinished plans of the interwar period were resumed, developed and implemented, most notably road bridges over sounds and fjords. Builders were the offices, financed the projects by the Foundation Vejfonden. The first bridge after the stoppage of the 1940s was the Munkholmbroen about Isefjorden from 1952, this was followed in 1954, the completion of the six-lane Langebro in Copenhagen. Typical examples of this period also include Siødæmningen or Siøsundbroen (1960), Langelandsbroen (1962), Svendborgsundbroen (1966) and Egernsundbroen (1968).
Third Era
From the mid- 1960s began a period in which the construction of new highway bridges has been driven. Because of the increased traffic it was necessary to supplement the bridges built in the 1930s by new or replace. Examples of this era are the highway bridges Ny Little Belt (1970), Vejlefjordbroen (1980) and Farøbroerne ( 1984) and the four-lane road bridges Hadsundbroen (1976) and Alssundbroen (1981). Limfjordtunnelen (1969) and Guldborgsundtunnelen (1988 ) are examples in which was decided in favor of a tunnel solution.
With the crossing of the Great Belt to the Storebælttunnelen and Storebæltsbroen belong, 1998, the gap between the western part of Denmark ( Jutland and Funen with ) and the east of the country was closed ( with Zealand and the capital Copenhagen ). The opening of the Oresund Bridge between Copenhagen and Malmö / Sweden in July 2000 manifested the temporary end of the third major bridge construction, while not but in the volume surpassed the other two phases in number.
When planning a fixed link between Lolland and Fehmarn, which shortens the detour of Jutland line over the bird's flight line, the tunnel solution prevailed. The subject of much discussion groups will also provide a direct link between Zealand and Jutland on Samsø and the Kattegat ( Kattegat forbindelsen ), but has so far adopted for financial reasons, no concrete form.