Thanjavur district
The district Thanjavur (Tamil: தஞ்சாவூர் மாவட்டம்; formerly Tanjore ) is a district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Administrative center is the eponymous town of Thanjavur.
Geography
The district Thanjavur is located in central Tamil Nadu and occupying the western portion of the Kaveri delta one. The flat and fertile land is intersected by numerous arms of this estuary largest stream of Tamil Nadu. In the south, the district proportion of the coast to the area between India and Sri Lanka Palkbucht. Neighboring districts are in the southwest of Pudukkottai, Tiruchirappalli in the west, in the north Ariyalur, Nagapattinam Tiruvarur in the northeast and east.
The area of the district of Thanjavur is 3,477 square kilometers. The district is divided into eight taluks Thiruvaiyaru, Thanjavur, Papanasam, Kumbakonam, Thiruvidaimarudur, Orathanadu, Pattukkottai and Peravurani.
History
The area of the district is the historic heartland of the most important South Indian dynasty, the Cholas. Middle of the 9th century, Thanjavur was the capital of the Chola kings. At the height of its power in the 10th and 11th century, the influence of the Chola Empire stretched as far as Bengal and Southeast Asia. In the 13th century, the Cholas were defeated by the resident in Madurai Pandyas. In the 14th century the area was briefly under Muslim rule before they came under the rule of Vijayanagar towards the end of the same century. The kings of Vijayanagar sat in Thanjavur military governor of a ( Nayaks ), the 1535 self- made themselves. Thanjavur 1675 fell into the hands of Marathenführers Venkaji, a brother of Shivaji. The substantiated by Venkaji Marathendynastie reigned over the kingdom of Thanjavur until they had to acknowledge the supremacy of the British in 1799. The king of Thanjavur was allowed to retain only its capital, the remaining territory of the Kingdom was as district Tanjore ( Thanjavur ) the province of Madras and thus placed under British administration. When the last king of Thanjavur died in 1855 without heirs, the kingdom fell entirely to the British.
After Indian independence, he came in 1956 to the newly formed State of Madras (now Tamil Nadu ). Originally comprised of Thanjavur district, the entire Kaveri Delta, but the area successively reduced by the creation of new districts. 1974, a smaller area of the district of Thanjavur was added to the newly formed district Pudukkottai. In 1991, the district of Nagapattinam from the eastern parts of the district of Thanjavur. 1997 turn of Tiruvarur district of six taluks of the district of Nagapattinam and Thanjavur taluk of the district was formed.
Population
According to the Indian census of 2011, the district Thanjavur has 2,402,781 inhabitants. Compared to the last census in 2001 the population had grown by 8.4 percent, slower in the middle of Tamil Nadu ( 15.5 per cent). The district is fairly densely populated: the population density is 691 inhabitants per square kilometer above the average of the state ( 555 inhabitants per square kilometer). 35.4 percent of the residents of the district Thanjavur live in cities. The degree of urbanization is thus lower than the average of Tamil Nadu ( 48.5 per cent). The literacy rate is 82.7 percent slightly higher than the average of Tamil Nadu ( 80.3 per cent). Because of the fertility of the land in the Cauvery delta of Thanjavur district is known as the " rice bowl of Tamil Nadu ". A correspondingly large role played by agriculture: According to the 2001 census, 61.9 percent of the working population is employed in the agricultural sector.
The population of the district are the Hindus according to the 2001 census, 86.9 percent, a large majority. There are also minorities of Muslims ( 7.4 per cent ) and Christians ( 5.6 percent).
Attractions
In Thanjavur district, numerous temples found from the Chola period. The most important of them is the Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur, which under King Rajaraja (985-1014) was built. Together with the Airatesvara temple in Darasuram and the Brihadisvara temple in Gangaikonda Cholapuram (District Ariyalur ) he is since 1987 a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Known for its many temples is also the town Kumbakonam, in every twelve years held a great religious festival. With Swamimalai is one of six places of pilgrimage ( Arupadaividu ) of the Hindu god Murugan is located in the district of Thanjavur. Also to be found in Thingalur, Tirunageswaram, Tirumangalakkudi and Kanjanur four of the nine Navagraha Temple, a group of Hindu temples in the Kaveri delta, which are associated with the heavenly bodies.
In the village Melattur, 18 kilometers northeast of the capital are found in early May, the multi-day annual festival of Narasimha Jayanti in honor of Vishnu place where the religious dance drama Bhagavata Mela is listed.