Kanchipuram district
The district Kanchipuram (Tamil: காஞ்சிபுரம் மாவட்டம், also: Kancheepuram ) is a district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Administrative center of the district is the eponymous town of Kanchipuram.
Geography
The district Kanchipuram is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal in the northeast of Tamil Nadu, the southern Indian state. It is bordered on the north by the city district of Chennai and Tiruvallur District, on the northwest by the district of Vellore, on the west by the district of Tiruvannamalai and on the south by Viluppuram District.
The area of the district of Kanchipuram is 4,305 square kilometers. The area of the district is part of the flat coastal plain of Tamil Nadu and is drained by the river Palar. The urban area of Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu and the fifth largest metropolis of India, is grown away beyond the borders of the city district, so that the metropolitan region of Chennai also parts of District Kanchipuram belong. The catchment area of Chennai include the cities Alandur, Pallavaram and Tambaram.
History
The current district Kanchipuram was the heartland of the Pallava Empire, which had to 9th century Kanchipuram as the capital of 3. As a result, the area was by the Cholas, the Vijayanagar and the Nawabs of Arcot mastered before it came under British control in the 18th century.
Forerunner of today's Kanchipuram district was the district Chengalpattu ( Chingleput ). This, the British had set up in 1788 after they acquired the reign of the Nawabs of Arcot and had the area incorporated into the province of Madras. Administrative headquarters was initially Karunguzhi acted with an interruption from 1825 to 1835, as Kanchipuram as the capital of the district. 1859 the seat of the district administration was ( now a suburb of Chennai) moved to Saidapettai. After the Indian independence in 1956, the district was a part of the newly formed State of Madras (now Tamil Nadu ). In 1960 parts of District Chittoor released from the neighboring Federal States of Andhra Pradesh and added to the District Chengalpattu. Since 1968, Kanchipuram is the administrative center of the district. The district Kanchipuram was established in its present form in 1997, when the district was divided into the districts of Chengalpattu Kanchipuram and Tiruvallur.
Population
According to the Indian census of 2011, the district Kanchipuram has 3,990,897 inhabitants. He is named after the city district of Chennai is the second largest district of Tamil Nadu. The district is very densely populated and highly urbanized right: With 927 inhabitants per square kilometer, the population density is among the highest in Tamil Nadu and is almost twice as high as the average of the state ( 555 inhabitants per square kilometer). 63.6 percent of the residents of District Kanchipuram live in cities. The Urbanisiersgrad is well above the average for Tamil Nadu ( 48.5 per cent). Its proximity to the rapidly expanding metropolis of Chennai Kanchipuram district is experiencing rapid population growth: in the period 2001-2011, the population grew by 38.7 percent. Population growth, well above the average of Tamil Nadu ( 15.6 per cent) and is the highest of all districts in the state. The literacy rate is 85.3 percent higher than the mean value of the state ( 80.3 percent) and the national average ( 74.0 percent).
The religious conditions correspond to the average of Tamil Nadu: According to the 2001 census, 89.8 percent of the population are Hindus, Christians 5.9 percent and 3.9 percent Muslim.
Economy and infrastructure
Thanks to its proximity to Chennai Kanchipuram district is economically well developed and heavily industrialized. In the district produce, among other automakers Hyundai and Ford as well as the electronics company Nokia and Motorola. The main industry is agriculture but still, in 2001 37.8 % of the inhabitants of the district occupied by the census. Is grown mainly rice. In addition, the city Kanchipuram has traditionally been a center of silk weaving. The place Mamallapuram ( Mahabalipuram ) is because of its sandy beaches and the monuments from the Pallava period to the most important tourist destinations of Tamil Nadu.
Through the district Kanchipuram the National Highway 4 leading from Chennai via Bangalore to Mumbai and the National Highway 45 from Chennai to Theni. On the east coast along the East Coast Road runs from Chennai through Pondicherry Cuddalore after by the district. The coming from the south railway line splits into a branch in Chengalpattu to Chennai and to Kanchipuram. Even the Chennai airport is located in Meenambakkam in the area of District Kanchipuram.
Attractions
From the heyday of the art among the Pallavas in the 7th and 8th centuries, evidenced by numerous temples in the territory of the district. The most outstanding examples of the Pallava era can be found in the small town of Mamallapuram, who was a prosperous port at that time. Had the "Five Rathas ", a mid-7th century resulting group of monolithic rock temples, and overlooking the sea, beach temple dating from the early 8th century a significant influence on the development of the Dravidian temple architecture and the architecture of Southeast Asia. In addition, can be found in numerous other Mamallapuram hewn out of the rock shrines, cave temples and reliefs. Since 1985, include the monuments of Mamallapuram, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The town of Kanchipuram is one of the seven sacred cities of the Hindus. Among the more than one hundred temples of the city, there are several outstanding buildings from the Pallava period. The most important are the Kailashanatha Temple, which was built in the early 8th century, and is preserved in almost intact form, and also dating from the 8th century Vaikuntha Perumal Temple. More recently, the Ekambareshwara Temple, which was built during the Vijayanagar rule in 1509 to a sacred mango tree.
Taluks
The district Kanchipuram is divided into the following ten taluks ( Subdistrikte ):