US Open (tennis)

The U.S. Open is a tennis tournament in the United States. They are the fourth Grand Slam tournament of the year and in August / September played at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows in New York.

The name component Open (English for open) points out that this event is not tied to specific categories and for participants regardless of their status (Amateur, Professional ), gender, age, etc. open.

History

In 1881 the first U.S. National Championships were held in the men's. The women's competition was first played in 1887. The first sweeps were not in New York, but at the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Iceland; found on this site today instead of the ATP Tournament Newport. In 1915 the venue moved to the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, located in the New York district of Queens, in 1978 moved to a few kilometers further to Flushing Meadows. In erected there USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center served first the Louis Armstrong Stadium as Center Court, until you built the Arthur Ashe Stadium in 1997. Named after the American tennis player Arthur Ashe Stadium with 22,547 seats by far the largest tennis facility in the world. Up to and including 1974, the U.S. Open were played on grass before one worked for three years in sand ( Har -Tru ). Since 1978 ( a concrete - plastic mixture DecoTurf, ) is played on hard court surface.

Traditionally, the final in the men's singles on Sunday in the women's singles on Saturday instead. In 2008, a women's semi-final due to rain on Saturday can not be completed and had to be postponed until the final day of the regular men. This was the first time since 1987, the final of the men on a Monday instead. In the following four years, had to be postponed to Monday, the male finals due to rain. Because of the Super Saturday, on which both the men's semifinals and the women's final are provided for rain delays last weekend at the U.S. Open are difficult to compensate without shifting of the Lord Finals. On the one hand because of these weather-related reasons, but also at the request of many players it was decided, the Ladies and Mr. final move in 2013 both one day; thus the Lord finale will regularly take place on Monday and the Super Saturday is history.

Records

• Gentlemen:

Before the Open Era were three men - Richard Sears ( 1880 ), William Larned ( 1910 ) and Bill Tilden ( 1920 ) - with seven wins, making them the most successful record winner of the tournament; Sears won his seven titles in a row. This was also due to the mode, because until 1911, the defending champion was automatically qualified for the final. Since 1968, Jimmy Connors, Pete Sampras and Roger Federer were most successful with five wins, Federer won his five titles in a row even. Connors managed the feat of winning the U.S. Open is the only player on three different surfaces.

In doubles, Richard Sears, James Dwight and Holcombe Ward are with six titles, the record winner in the Open Era were Bob Lutz, Stan Smith, John McEnroe and the twins Bob and Mike Bryan with four titles the most successful. Todd Woodbridge and Mark Woodforde are the only double that could defend a doubles title since 1968.

• Women:

The American Molla Mallory, with its eight titles, which she won in the years 1915-1926, the record winner; after 1968 Chris Evert was the most successful single player with six U.S. Open titles. Both players won four titles in a row, which is also a record.

Gained momentum in the 1940s and 1950s, Margaret Osborne duPont total of 13 times the double competition of the women and is thus record winner, she holds the record with 10 wins and the most doubles titles in a row. In the Open Era Martina Navratilova was the most successful, from the late 1970s to the early 1990s, she won 9 doubles titles. The Open Era record for most doubles titles in a row, holding Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez that by 2004 three times won the doubles competition of 2002.

At 14 years and 8 days Mary Joe Fernandez is the youngest player has won the game. She won this at the U.S. Open in 1985 against Sara Gomer with 6:1 and 6:4.

• Mixed:

With eight Mixed titles Margaret Osborne duPont and Margaret Smith Court are the record winners, together with Martina Navratilova and Billie Jean King Court also holds the Open Era record of three titles. In the men were most successful before 1968 Bill Tilden and Bill Talbert Mixed with four victories since the start of the Open Era keep Todd Woodbridge and Bob Bryan with three titles the record.

Winners from the German-speaking

Six German have been able to win a title at the U.S. Open, which were Henner Henkel and Gottfried von Cramm in 1937 in the men's doubles, Claudia Kohde - Kilsch 1985 in women's doubles, Boris Becker 1989 men's singles and Philipp Petzschner in 2011 in men's doubles. Steffi Graf is with five wins and three other finals by far the most successful German at the U.S. Open. Your first title she won in 1988, ending the second woman in the Open Era a calendar year Grand Slam.

From a Swiss perspective in addition to the five titles of Roger Federer (2004-2008) nor the two tracks from Martina Hingis in 1997 in singles and doubles in 1998 to name. Hingis reached the singles final two more times. In the men's doubles still no Swiss could enter the list of winners, but reached Heinz Günthardt 1981 finals; in 1985 won Günthardt together with Martina Navratilova the mixed competition of Flushing Meadows.

In individual still no Austrian and no Austrian reached the final, but in 2007 Julian Knowle ( together with Swedish Simon Aspelin ) and 2011 Jurgen Melzer (together with Petzschner ) in the doubles final of the men victorious, making them the only Austrian U.S. Open champion.

Winner

• List of U.S. Open champion ( men's singles )
• List of U.S. Open champion ( women's singles )
• List of U.S. Open champion ( men's doubles )
• List of U.S. Open champion ( women's doubles )
• List of U.S. Open champion ( Mixed)