Canton of Schwyz
47.058.7Koordinaten: 47 ° N, 9 ° E; CH1903: 695842/211767 Schwyz ( German Schwyz swiss [ ʃvi ː ts ], French Schwytz or Schwyz, Italian Svitto, Romansh SVIZ ) is a German-speaking canton in Switzerland. The main settlement is the eponymous municipality Schwyz.
- 4.1 religions in the canton of Schwyz
- 4.2 Roman Catholic Church
- 4.3 Evangelical Reformed Church
- 4.4 Free Churches and other Christian communities
- 5.1 legislative
- 5.2 executive 5.2.1 departments
- 5.2.2 departments since July 2012
- 8.1 districts
Name
It is named after its chief town of the canton of Schwyz.
Since the canton of Schwyz was the most important of the three original cantons Swiss, his name was soon generalized to the entire Confederation. The Middle High German into transmitted form Switzerland ( with the typical non- Alemannic diphthong ) was common in the episode in the entire German -speaking world as the name of the State; the native form ( without diphthong ), however, was adopted as the Suisse into French. Schwyzer and the Swiss flag, however, are developed independently from each.
Geography
The canton of Schwyz in central Switzerland, between Lake Zug, Lake Lucerne and Zurich, bordering the seven cantons of Uri, Glarus, St. Gallen, Zurich, train, Lucerne and Nidwalden. He belongs largely to the Canton Schwyz pre-Alps, part of the Central Swiss Alps. A small portion in the southeast part with, inter alia, the highest mountain, the Grisset or Dumaguete Fulen, 2'721 m high, the Glarus Alps.
Population
Language
The spread within the canton German dialects belong to, with the exception of the district courts, is spoken in the Zurich German, the High Alemannic.
Nationality
Religions - faiths
Religions in the canton of Schwyz
With 72 percent of the Roman Catholic Church is the largest denomination in the canton of Schwyz. The canton of Schwyz was one of the five internal Catholic mountain cantons, who participated in the two wars Kappeler. As a result of the second Kappel peace were allowed in the canton of Schwyz no members of other denominations live. Only the Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation of September 12, 1848 guaranteed freedom of religion and freedom of establishment. With the " constitution of the federal state of Schwyz » on June 11, 1876, the complete freedom of religion, even for non-Christian religions, is introduced. The Catholic Church remained until 1957 only recognized religious community ( state church ) for the Canton of Schwyz. On 27 September 1992, the citizens of the canton of Schwyz agreed to a restructuring of the relationship between church and state. They called so for a mission unbundling and the creation of two denominational cantonal churches. These as well as the parishes are from Canton and of the communities independently in financial, such as tax law.
Roman Catholic Church
The Roman Catholic Church is the largest denomination numerically community in the canton of Schwyz. The Roman Catholic Church Schwyz Cantonal was founded in 1998. It belongs to the Diocese of Chur. Big charisma has the Benedictine Monastery of Einsiedeln.
Evangelical Reformed Church
Today, approximately 15,000 Reformed live in Canton Schwyz, which is about twelve percent of the population. 15.9 percent are in the oriented at Zurich Ausserschwyz which let settle already in 1830 first Reformed. In Innerschwyz only 7.7 percent of the population are reformed. The first Reformed congregation was founded in 1868 in the district of March. The Church of Siebnen was inaugurated in 1878. 1886, the first Reformed minister was hired in Well. These developments were largely supported by the Protestant Church Aid Society of the Canton of Zurich, who saw his role in the promotion of the Protestant faith life in the Diaspora.
The recognition of the six Reformed congregations collect as a public corporation with the right taxes done with the cantonal decision of October 1957. Setting up a Reformed Cantonal Church in 1998. The Reformed Cantonal Church Schwyz includes six Reformed congregations.
Free Churches and other Christian communities
Foundation
- New Apostolic Church laughter, 1931
- New Apostolic Church Immensee, 1961
- FEG yards Wilen, 1977
- FEG laughter, 1979
- Chrischona Arth- Goldau, 1984
- FEG Einsiedeln, 1987
- Chrischona well -Schwyz, 1986
- FEG Siebnen, 1994
- ICF Schwyz, 2011
Constitution and politics
The current cantonal constitution dated 24 November 2010 and has been adopted in the referendum of 15 May 2011. It replaced the previous, often revised Constitution of 1898.
Legislature
Legislative authority is the Cantonal Council with 100 members. These are according to proportional representation elected by the people firmly to four years, each community forms a constituency.
Constitutional amendments, laws, decrees or changes and issue decisions on one-time expenses in excess of 5 million francs or recurring annual expenditure of more than 500,000 francs, which have been assumed to be less than three-quarters of participating in the final vote Canton councils subject to mandatory the referendum ( mandatory referendum), the other laws and decrees changes when it is demanded of 1000 voters (optional referendum ). The people may propose even constitutional and legislative changes, if 2000 voters support a proposal to that end ( popular initiative ).
The canton of Schwyz sent to the Federal Assembly, two representatives in the Senate and four representatives in the National Council.
Executive
The executive authority is the Government Council, whose seven members are elected directly by the people according to majority system fixed at four years. It is chaired by the Chief Magistrate held for two years, and his deputy is the state governor.
After the general elections of 2012, the SVP 3, 2 CVP and the FDP also two government councils. The government councils Armin Hüppin (SP ) and Peter Reuteler (FDP) did not stand for re-election. The SP lost her seat to the SVP and thus is no longer representatives in government. With Petra Steimen - Rickenbacher (FDP) is a woman for the first time since 1996 represented in the Government. Landammann of 2012-2014 is Walter Stählin (SVP ), state governor is Andreas Barraud (SVP ).
The government has revised the radio regulations of the tasks and the structure of the departments and the State and set to 1 July 2008. On 28 March 2007, the Cantonal an organizational change regulation had agreed, thus clearing the way for a new department structure.
Departments
Departments since July 2012
- Department of Home Affairs (RR Petra Steimen - Rickenbacher )
- Department of Economic Affairs (RR Kurt Zibung )
- Department of Education (LA Walter Stählin )
- Security Department (RR André Rüegsegger )
- Department of Finance ( RR Kaspar Michel )
- Baudepartement (RR Othmar Reichmuth )
- Environment Department (RR Andreas Barraud )
Judiciary
In the second instance right there at the cantonal level, the Cantonal Court and the Administrative Court. First legal entity form the district courts, the cantonal criminal and juvenile court and the compulsory measures court. Upstream of the district courts as dispute settlement authority, settled at the local level intermediaries ( in other cantons magistrate called ).
Municipalities, districts and corporations
In the canton of Schwyz, both the communities as, unlike in most other Swiss cantons, the districts of autonomous self-government units. While the communities but also have their own, independent of the Canton sphere, the districts meet only those tasks which transmits them cantonal law. Both communities such districts is to the right of taxation; they set the amount of their taxes themselves determine.
The Constitution public legally recognized are also the Roman Catholic and the Reformed Protestant congregations that form vary within the respective cantonal church.
The altherkommenen corporations are also recognized by public law. Boroughs on the other hand there are in the Canton of Schwyz, in contrast to many other cantons, not.
Economy
At the national income of Switzerland, the canton is involved with a share of 1.9 percent, its financial strength is only a few percent below the Swiss average.
History
Cities and towns
Listed below are the largest municipalities as at 31 December 2012:
Districts
The canton of Schwyz is divided into 6 districts and 30 municipalities, the districts Einsiedeln, Küssnacht and Gersau each consist of only the municipality of the same name.