Essertines-sur-Rolle
Essertines -sur-Rolle is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Geography
Essertines -sur-Rolle is at 726 m above sea level. Level, 14 km north- northeast of the district main town Nyon ( straight line ). The farming village extends on the slightly sloping hillside to the east of the plateau above the Vaud Cote, on foot of the Jura, in the area of the village Bach Ruisseau des Chaux.
The area of 6.9 km ² large municipality area includes a portion of the Jura plateau and the Vaud Cote. The upper part of municipality comprises inclined towards the east plateau, the streams of the Ruisseau des Chaux and Ruisseau des Rottières ( partially forms the northern boundary ) is dehydrated to Aubonne. To the west the area stretches into the woods Le Saugey, in the 896 m above sea level. M. the highest point of Essertines -sur-Rolle is achieved. The southern boundary of the municipality is mostly separate from the edge above the steep drop of the Côte (Les Bioles, 811 m above sea level. M. ). In a narrow tip territory extends south to the foot of the Vaud Cote and includes the steep slope between the streams Flon in the west and Ruisseau de Famolens in the east. From the municipality surface 1997 7 % was attributable to settlements, 21 % of forest and woody plants and 72% to agriculture.
To Essertines -sur-Rolle includes the hamlet of Châtel ( 739 m above sea level. M. ), Bugnaux ( 599 m above sea level. M. ) on the slopes of the Côte, Roussillon ( 492 m above sea level. M. ) east of the Flon at Rolle and Creux du Mars ( 429 m above sea level. M. ) at the foot of the French at Bach Flon as well as many individual farms. Neighboring communities of Essertines -sur-Rolle are Mont- sur-Rolle, Rolle, Gilly, Burtigny, Saint- Oyens, Gimel and Aubonne.
Population
With 655 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Essertines -sur-Rolle is one of the smaller municipalities in the canton of Vaud. Of the residents, 78.8 % are French-speaking, German-speaking 8.3 % and 5.7 % in English (as of 2000). The population of Essertines -sur-Rolle amounted in 1850 to 564 residents in 1900 to 453 inhabitants. After the population had decreased to 296 to 1980 inhabitants, put a rapid increase in population with almost a doubling of the number of inhabitants within 20 years.
Economy
Essertines -sur-Rolle was until the second half of the 20th century, mainly coined by farming village. Still plays agriculture as a branch of the population an important role. It focuses on the high plain on livestock, dairy farming and agriculture. The slope of the Côte below the hamlet Bugnaux is continuously passed vines. More jobs are available in the local small businesses and especially in the service sector. In recent decades, the village has developed into a residential community. Many workers working abroad and commute in some cases up to the cities of Lausanne and Geneva.
Traffic
The community is located off of larger thoroughfares. The hamlets as well Essertines -sur-Rolle can opened from the motorway exit roller on the 1964 A1 ( Geneva -Lausanne ) can be easily achieved. By Postbus course, which runs from Rolle to Gimel, Essertines- sur-Rolle is connected to the public transport network.
History
In Bugnaux remains of a Roman settlement have been discovered. The first written mention of the village was carried out in 1152 under the name Essartinis 1250 appeared the name Exertines. The place name is on exsartum, the past participle of Late Latin word exsarire ( clear, speak to cultivate ) due.
Essertines -sur-Rolle belonged in the Middle Ages to the rule Mont- le -Vieux, which was owned by the Lords of Cossonay- Prangins. 1293 was the rule in the possession of the Savoy, 1366 in those of Viry. Around the castle of Mont- le -Vieux, which was located on a ledge above Bugnaux, a small market town, which was first mentioned in 1179 and 1475 destroyed along with the castle by the Confederates developed. As a result, the patch was abandoned, and the inhabitants settled mostly in Bugnaux.
With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536 came Essertines -sur-Rolle under the administration of the bailiwick of Morges, where the jurisdiction was exercised by the Kastlaneien role and Mont- le -Vieux. 1784 were numerous houses victim to a conflagration. After the collapse of the ancien régime was Essertines -sur-Rolle 1798-1803 during the Helvetic Republic to the canton of Geneva, who came up then with the enactment of the Act of Mediation in the canton of Vaud. 1798 the village was assigned to the District Aubonne, 1803 it came to the district role. The concern of the population of Bugnaux and Châtel in the first half of the 19th century to establish an independent municipality, was not granted.
Attractions
The parish church of Saint -André was a dispute between the Benedictine Ainay at Lyons and her daughter Abbey Saint -Jean in Geneva in the 12th century. The church was built on the foundations of the Carolingian previous building. It has a significant Choir and was modified several times since the Middle Ages. In the village there are some characteristic farmhouses from the 18th and 19th centuries. From the former castle of Mont- le -Vieux ruins are still visible.