Glossary of wine terms
As a wine language, the jargon of wine critics, sommeliers, connoisseurs and wine enthusiasts on is called. In addition, winemaker, winemaker, experts, wine merchants and others in the wine workers use a variety of oenological technical terms.
Features
The language of wine and viticultural and oenological technical terms are used to establish a comprehensible word meanings. To describe the characteristics of a wine vocabulary is used, which allows to describe the occurring in the wine ingredients, their interaction, their proportions, balances and the status of each wine.
The language of wine has some special features. Firstly, the problem that mainly taste to be written with her, so an individual and physical sensory experience that combines the complex relationships of flavor formation and judgment of taste.
Forms of the language of wine
Language of wine in ancient times
In ancient Greece there was a language of the wine taster. Around one hundred wine linguistic terms were found in the literature of ancient Greece. The French chemist Jean -Antoine Chaptal transferred the rooted in Greek literature ancient language of wine in the modern, as he used more than 60 terms in his published in 1801 book " Art de faire de gouverner, et de perfectionner les vins ".
German winemakers language
The dialectal German winemakers language was an ancestral traditional jargon agriculturally origin barg Roman and Romanesque heritage in itself. She had developed in the pre-industrial era in Europe in the German wine-growing cultures over the centuries and was tied to regional or local linguistic varieties.
The Fledgling already partially historically winery vocabulary includes the following areas:
- Vine
- Varieties
- Grape harvest, press and wine preparation
- Vineyard
- Vineyard work
- Wine taste and enjoyment
- Wine Saints ( eg Saint Urban)
- Winemaking and wine
- Wineries and weather rules (eg Urbanstag )
- Winzer Customs
Oenology wine language
The jargon of professional tasters, wine experts and experts (eg certified wine experts) consists in part of well-defined names for specific sensations ( color, smell, taste). Here, the term is strictly linked to a specific perception.
On the other hand, inaccurate, but common names for differentiated sensations are used. This attempts a taste of equilibrium to describe a taste or smell better and to formulate an opinion. The expert tries to clarify the vague picture of his sensation, in which he plays with the words. It also words from everyday language to be used, but these are often lined with a different sense. Such names may be used in a figurative sense.
For laymen and amateurs often have difficulty understanding of professional wine descriptions of how they are used in professional journalism or tastings. Especially the kind of symbolic concretization of the wine provides here irritations. Examples include equating of wine with geometric structures, materials and living things.
Wine language and Marketing
Since the 1990s, advertising, food and wine journalism is popular in Germany, especially from sommeliers in the field of marketing that uses a simplified form of the language of wine. This serves a rhetorical simplified technical language as an instrument of marketing, the complexity of the wine is reduced to a few features to serve the growing expectations. These include rhetorical tropics with metaphors and analogies. These include, for example, spice, fruit and vegetable analogies that describe the volatile aromas of the wine with terms such as vanilla, blackberry and pepper. On this form, the language of wine criticism is that it is the multi-valued logic flavor of the wine does not adequately meet.
Typical newer, not the aroma in question but more aimed at the enjoyment situation descriptions of recent years are, for example, that a wine " fun," or " drinkable " ( as a new creation " tasty "). Herein (as well as the trend of a failed name designs instead of vines and vineyard designation ) also reflects a replacement of the traditional target group of the ( elite ) " wine connoisseur " by a wide, culinary informed consumer base.
Names of the varieties
The name of the grape varieties has changed language history permanently over the centuries. This has caused for example by illiteracy of farmer as well as by listening, writing, transmission or translation errors. There were confusion of varieties vernacular reinterpretations, erroneous designations of origin and false synonyms and homonyms. There is therefore a varietal often historically grown variety of different names that have become part of the language of wine.
Examples
Some terms of the language of wine are briefly described below or lead to the respective articles.
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
B
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
Provence is grown. Fine wines are produced from it. Even city in the canton of Vaud.