List of enclaves and exclaves

The list of exclaves and enclaves is a list of Ex-/Enklaven at the state and examples of Ex-/Enklaven at non-governmental level.

Exclaves and enclaves at the international level

• 22 Belgian enclaves, surrounded by Dutch territory. The state borders are in place even by individual houses and living spaces.

• A Dutch enclave is surrounded by the main Belgian territory,
• Seven more are within the Belgian exclaves.

• Refugee Camp (EAC Refugee Settlement )
• Power plant, south of the refugee camp, separated by a SBA- road
• Ormideia
• Xylotymvou

• Munsterbildchen
• Roetgener forest / western part of Lammersdorf
• Setback
• Mützenich
• Ruitzhof

Exclaves and enclaves at the state level and between national provinces

• Germany The state of Berlin as a city state is an enclave in Brandenburg.
• Bremerhaven is an exclave of the country Free Hanseatic City of Bremen. The city of Bremen in turn has the Stadtbremische seaport area Bremerhaven as " enclave in the enclave ." The city of Bremerhaven and thus the state of Bremen, the Fehr moorland in north-east an exclave, which is separated by a narrow strip of Lower Saxony region. The city of Bremen is in turn an enclave in the state of Lower Saxony - but not the state of Bremen, since this in Bremerhaven has a coastline.
• The islands Neuwerk, Scharhörn and Nigehörn and parts of the surrounding are Wadden Sea after the State Treaty between Hamburg and Lower Saxony on May 26, 1961 exclave of the federal state of Hamburg.
• Upper - Laudenbach (two enclaves in Baden-Württemberg Hessen, one of which is in a hessian enclave in Baden- Württemberg).
• The district Breddin degradation of the community Breddin is an exclave of Brandenburg in Saxony- Anhalt. The border to the neighboring town of Kümmernitz runs in the middle of the road, sharing both towns.
• Historical examples: Königsberg in Bayern ( and two other smaller areas ) was an exclave of the duchy of Saxe -Coburg -Gotha in Bavaria. After the First World War and the end of the monarchy, the Free State Coburg joined together with the enclaves of Bavaria.
• The Thuringian states had numerous enclaves; eg Ostheim was a Thuringian exclave in Bavaria before the Rhön. The exclave came in 1945 to the American occupation zone and subsequently to Bavaria.

• The State of Vienna is an enclave in Lower Austria.
• East Tyrol is an exclave of the federal state of Tyrol.

• Switzerland The two cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden together form an enclave in the canton of St. Gallen.
• There are also numerous smaller enclaves at the cantonal level:

Note: The enclaves, where in the " enclave " no indication is made ​​, adjacent to two or more other cantons or to another canton and the external border of Switzerland. So you are no enclaves, as they are not completely enclosed by a single different canton.

• In Liechtenstein, there are many community-based enclaves, but only within the two constituencies.

• Belgium The Brussels-Capital Region is an enclave in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant and the Flemish Region.
• Comines Comines - is an exclave of the Belgian province of Hainaut, Walloon Region and the French Community.
• Voeren is an exclave of the Belgian province of Limburg and the Flemish Region.

• In France there is the Canton Valréas the Vaucluse (84 ), also called Papstenklave, completely within the Drôme.

• In Spain, the Castilian - Leonese municipality Condado de Treviño is completely surrounded by Basque territory, the Valencian Rincón de Ademuz is surrounded by Aragon and Castile -La Mancha. Furthermore, the belonging to Navarre petilla de Aragón (consisting of two enclaves ) of Aragón, the Madrid belonging Dehesa de la Cepeda of Castile and León and the Cantabrian municipality of Valle de Villaverde surrounded by the Basque Country.

• In the United States of America, the westernmost point of the state of Kentucky is cut off by a bend of the Mississippi River from Kentucky ( Kentucky Bend ); The area is accessible from the main area of Kentucky only, either by land via Tennessee or two occasions, river crossing over Missouri.

Former exclaves and enclaves in the 20th century

Spurious and functional En-/Exklaven

Parts of states

• Ceuta, separated by a neutral zone of Morocco, is sometimes also referred to incorrectly as an enclave in Morocco, bordering the Mediterranean Sea.
• Dubki, a Russian village, situated on the western ( Estonian ) coast of Lake Peipsi.
• Vistula Spit; the north-east, belonging to Russia part can be reached from Russia by land only via Poland.
• Little Walser Valley, functional Austrian enclave, accessible only via Germany.
• Young wood, functional Austrian enclave, accessible only via Germany; Special feature: is connected at only one point with Austria and therefore not an enclave in Germany.
• Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo exclave on with connection over territorial waters adjacent land side only to Malaysia.
• Curonian Spit; the north-east, belonging to Lithuania part can be reached from Lithuania by land only via Russia.
• Livigno, former Italian exclave in Switzerland functional.
• Melilla, separated by a neutral zone of Morocco, is sometimes also referred to incorrectly as an enclave in Morocco, bordering the Mediterranean Sea.
• Northern Ireland, an exclave of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland with connection over territorial waters adjacent landside only to the Republic of Ireland.
• Os de Civís, functional Spanish enclave, accessible only through Andorra.
• Montague, former functional exclave of Switzerland in Austria.
• Temburong, Brunei exclave with connection over territorial waters adjacent land side only to Malaysia.
• Tägermoos, a district of the German community of Constance on the Swiss territory.
• West New Guinea, Indonesian exclave in New Guinea with connection over territorial waters adjacent land side only to Papua New Guinea.
• West Timor, Indonesian exclave on Timor with connection over territorial waters adjacent land side only to East Timor.
• Zeeland Flanders, Dutch enclave with connection over territorial waters, before the opening of the Westerschelde tunnel by land only through Belgian territory reachable.

States

Different states and dependent territories with access to the open sea are or were limited to the land side of the area only of another State:

• Brunei, an independent state, consists of two separate parts of territories, both of which have only a land border with Malaysia.
• Denmark, independent state, has only a land border with Germany.
• Dominican Republic, independent state, has only a land border with Haiti.
• Gambia, independent state, has only a land border with Senegal.
• Gibraltar, British overseas territory, has only a land border with Spain.
• Greece, an independent state owned until 1912 only a land border with the Ottoman Empire.
• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, an independent state, has only a land border with the Republic of Ireland.
• Haiti, independent state, has only a land border with the Dominican Republic.
• Ireland, an independent state, has only a land border with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
• Canada, an independent state, has only a land border with the United States.
• Republic of Korea ( South Korea), independent state, has only a land border with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).
• Monaco, independent state, has only a land border with France.
• East Timor, an independent state, consists of two separate parts of territories, both of which have only a land border with Indonesia.
• Papua New Guinea, independent state, has only a land border with Indonesia.
• Portugal, independent state, has only a land border with Spain.
• Sweden - Norway, an independent state had, until the independence of Norway in 1905 only a land border with Russia.
• Qatar, independent state, has only a land border with Saudi Arabia.

Other countries

• Aden, 1937-1967 British colony, bordered on the land side only to the British Protectorate of Hadramaut.
• Athos, autonomous monastic republic, has only a land border with Greece.
• Baikonur, Russian since 1994 acreage in Kazakhstan.
• Hanko, 1940-1947 Soviet leased territory in Finland.
• Hong Kong, 1841-1997 British colony bordered, landside only to the People's Republic of China.
• Ifni, 1860-1969 Spanish possession in North Africa, bordered, on the land side only to Morocco (1860-1912 and 1956-1969) and French Morocco ( 1912-1956 ).
• Jiaozhou Bay, 1898-1920 German, 1920-1922 Japanese leased territory bordered on the land side only to China.
• Kuwait, 1899-1961 British protectorate, limited to 1920 landside only to the Ottoman Empire.
• Kwangtschouwan, 1898-1946 French leased territory in China.
• Kwangtung, 1898-1905 Russian, 1905-1945 Japanese, 1945-1955 Soviet leased territory in China (1898-1932 and 1945-1955) and Manchukuo ( 1932-1945 ).
• Macao, 1557-1999 Portuguese possession, bordered on the land side only of the PRC.
• Newfoundland, in 1907 excluded British Dominion, landside only to Canada, to which it was connected in 1949.
• Panama Canal Zone, 1903-1999 possession of the United States, bordered landside only from Panama.
• Porkkala, 1947-1956 Soviet leased territory in Finland.
• Suez Canal Zone, 1888-1956 extraterritorial zone bordered, landside only to Egypt.
• Tangier, 1912-1956 international zone bordered, landside only to Spanish Morocco.
• Weihaiwei, 1898-1930 British leased territory in China.
• In the areas of the Evangelical Church in Germany there are, due to the historical development, some enclaves. The same is true for the Catholic dioceses.

Temporary enclaves

• The suite 212 of the Claridges Hotel in London was ceded during the July 17, 1945 from Britain to Yugoslavia to allow the birth of Crown Prince Alexander, whose parents were exiled at that time in London, on Yugoslav soil.
• Camp Zeist, a former U.S. Air Force base in the Netherlands, at times as to territory belonging to Great Britain declared in 2000. This enabled the court to process the attack on Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, to be held under British law.
• On January 19, 1943, the maternity ward of the Ottawa Civic Hospital in Canada was declared temporarily extraterritorial area. This has ensured that the birth of Princess Margriet of the Netherlands did not take place on Canadian soil and thus at birth only got the Dutch nationality.
• The area of ​​the construction site of the main mast end of Zehlendorf in 1978 /79, a Soviet exclave, to the construction of the same due to lower safety standards in the former Soviet Union carried out more quickly to during construction.

No exclaves

• Although the land on which the Suvorov monument was carved in the Schöllenenschlucht in Switzerland in the rock part, the Russian state as a civil legal owner, but no extraterritorial area (and therefore not an exclave of Russia), but it is part of Swiss territory and is subject to Swiss government authority.