Rosbruck
Rosbruck ( German: Ross Bridges ) is a commune with 761 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2011 ) in the department of Moselle in the Lorraine region. It belongs to the district Forbach, in the canton of Behren- lès -Forbach and the Local Government Association, Forbach Porte de France.
Geography
Rosbruck is about five kilometers southwest of Forbach and 15 kilometers southwest of Saarbrücken at an altitude of 240 m above the sea at the southeastern edge of the Warndt and directly on the border of Saarland in Germany. The Rossel, a tributary of the Saar flows east of the town center to the north. To the east of Rossel rise wooded hills rise ( Rothe Busch) and the heights of just over 300 meters above sea level, bounded on the north a small stream before Gaensbacherwald the community area bounded on the south almost seamlessly into the Bergarbeitersiedlung Cité Belle Roche ( the municipality Cocheren belonging ) transitions.
The territory of the municipality Rosbruck - 1410 ha, the smallest in Moselle - is characterized by a dense development and large traffic areas (highway, rail tracks), arable and meadow land there is not in the church. On Rossel shore riparian forest remnants have been preserved.
Neighboring communities of Rosbruck are Morsbach in the north, Folkling in the east ( point of contact ), Cocheren in the south and Großrosseln ( Germany ) in the west.
History
The place Rosbruck lay on the Roman road from Divodurum (Metz ) to ( Civitas ) Vangionum (Worms ). The road crossed the river here Rossel. A first stone bridge gave the place its name, it is also the main element of the coat of arms of the municipality. In a Luxembourg deed from 1300 Rosbruck was first mentioned by name. Rosbruck came in 1365 with 24 other villages in the possession of the bishops of Metz, later, the town belonged to the county of Saarbrücken. The Counts of Saarbrücken built in Rosbruck a toll station on the road from Saarbruecken to Metz.
Rosbruck was a farming village in the German - French border region, who lived at the Rossel of Agriculture and Forestry as well as the numerous mills for a long time. Middle of the 19th century continued in the vicinity of the coal mining industry on a large scale (up 1867 created seven shafts) and many Rosbrucker found work in the mines of Béning, Morsbach, Petite- Roselle or in Großrosseln on the German side.
Coal production reached in the middle of the 20th century culminating, in 1959 began an initially slow decline. The oil crises in the 1970s brought again a renaissance of coal. 1984 heralded the Contract " Pacte National Charbonnier " a the end of coal mining. The pit Wendel graduated in 1989, the pit Marienau 1996 and the colliery Simon 1997. The mining area in Merle Bach was closed in 2003 and the mine La Houve graduated in 2004, the last French coal mine.
In the Saar Treaty was determined that the Lorraine mines were able to reduce the carbon under German territory in Warndt. So coal was mined under Rosbruck and the neighboring German Naßweiler. The charred pits were partially filled with gravel, partly they were running full of water. In Naßweiler and Rosbruck the consequences of mining subsidence losses to date are devastating. In Rosbruck alone, there are 70 buildings collapsed due to mine damage or irreparably damaged.
Between the neighboring and Partnerort Naßweiler (since 1992) on page Saarland and Rosbruck the development of a common residential area along the border strip is discussed since the beginning of the 21st century. This project is the expansion of existing residential areas for periods of one quarter on German and French side, not least to stop the exodus of both sides of the border, which brought the decline of coal mining and the resulting vacant lots due to mine damage with it. and the creation of a connecting element.
Demographics
Beginning and end of coal mining in Saarland-Lorraine area is also reflected in the population numbers of the smaller communities like Rosbruck. Thus, the population increased from 1806 to 1861 from 484 to 722; Since the 1990s, the population decreased again markedly. A similar development can be observed in the Saarland neighboring Naßweiler.
Attractions
- New Church of St. Hubert ( Église Saint -Hubert ) from 1960
- Preserved bell tower of the old church
Bell tower of the old church of St. Hubert
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Economy and infrastructure
Agriculture and fruit still play a subordinate role in Rosbruck. In the town itself there are a number of small craft and service companies. Even after the end of coal mining in the north of Lorraine, many residents commute to the surrounding industrial and commercial areas in Forbach and Carling as well as in the German industrial sites Saarbrücken and Völklingen.
By Rosbruck leads the busy trunk road D 903 ( former N3) from Metz to Saarbrücken. Parallel to this runs to the east, the A 320 of Freyming -Merlebach to the border crossing Golden Bremm that connects the French A 4 with the German A 6. Other roads connect Rosbruck with Naßweiler and Emmer hamlet in Germany.