Shipyard

A shipyard ( alt-niederl./friesl. Builds on the water, see also: terp ) is a company for the construction and repair of boats and ships.

  • 3.1 Germany 3.1.1 Baden- Württemberg
  • 3.1.2 Bavaria
  • 3.1.3 Berlin
  • 3.1.4 Bremen
  • 3.1.5 Hamburg
  • 3.1.6 Hesse
  • 3.1.7 Mecklenburg -Vorpommern
  • 3.1.8 Lower Saxony
  • 3.1.9 North Rhine -Westphalia
  • 3.1.10 Rhineland -Palatinate
  • 3.1.11 Saxony
  • 3.1.12 Schleswig -Holstein

General

Until the early 20th century as the or the shipyard was also referred to a river bank, which was established for the trade, repair and construction of ships.

With the onset of the development of large airships and airplanes, the term yard on plants for the production and primary repair in the airship ( blimp hangar ) and aircraft ( aircraft maintenance ) has been transferred.

The classic shipbuilding Place a shipyard is the slipway or the slipway. Nowadays ships to many shipyards in covered construction sites or in a shipbuilding hall, built partly in covered or protected building docks.

Each vessel receives at the start of construction a building no. ( Hull number ). This is usually a sequential number indicating the respective number of previously built at the shipyard ships. There are also shipyards, starting for example at each different model series analogously new Baunummernblöcke.

Besides the construction be performed by shipyards as repairs and renovations as well as maintenance work on ships. Here, too, ships often have to be drained in swimming or dry docks, provided for smaller vehicles this not slipways or cranes are used.

Shipyards are mostly focused on certain types of ships and boats. A distinction is made according to the types of vessels between

  • Boatyards - for smaller vehicles
  • Inland shipyards - for inland waterway vessels
  • Maritime construction - for seagoing vessels

These in turn are specialized in part to special types of vessels. Also, the main activity of a shipyard can be completely or partially lie in the areas of construction, repair, maintenance or remodeling.

These tasks are performed for warships in part in naval arsenals.

The dismantling of ships is often done in a specialized ship-breaking yards.

History

The first shipyards where ships came in series, were probably built by the Carthaginians and Phoenicians. Later, the Romans had extended shipyard complexes, especially for the construction of galleys. In ancient times, the dry dock was already known.

In the Middle Ages, however, the construction of ships carried out in shipyards on land. The first archaeologically proven safe and still existing dry docks created under Zheng He in Nanjing, China, to build the legendary treasure ships beginning of the 15th century. With this development, the construction of large, about 70 m long junks was possible. In Europe, a dry dock was built and first used in 1495 in Portsmouth.

For repair purposes invented the floating dock in 1839 by the American engineer Gilbert. Floating docks work similar to submarines: To retract the ships they are flooded and dive just enough to allow the ship to be repaired can enter. The water is then pumped out of the tanks or pushed out with compressed air, so that the floating dock with the ship as far as appears, that the soil is dry. The new building of ships takes place in large, enclosed halls increasingly.

From the 16th century to the mid 20th century, the largest shipyards were first in Europe and then in North America.

As part of the so-called crisis shipyard shipbuilding capacity has been reduced in Europe, the largest shipyard capacity emerged now in Japan, South Korea and China.

The three major shipyards Blohm & Voss, Hamburg, German North Sea works, Emden (both ThyssenKrupp shipyards ) and HDW were merged on January 5, 2005. These took over the Thyssen Krupp Group, which was already owned by Blohm & Voss and the North Sea stations, the HDW from the U.S. financial investor One Equity Partners. As part of the acquisition, the Americans got 25 percent of the new composite and 240 million euros in cash. This particular submarine technology the HDW for the German sites is secured.

Lastadie

In the Middle Ages yards were also referred to as Lastadie. As Lastadie partly also harbor similar bodies are called.

Major shipyards

Germany

See also List of German naval shipyards

According to the Federal Statistical Office made ​​all ship and boat building yards in Germany in 2012 together grossed a turnover of about 5 billion euros. 72 % were exports. The number of annual average workforce was approximately 18,000; this was a decrease of almost 2 % on last year.

Korea built worldwide in 2011 44% of all new buildings (measured in CGT); In 2012 there were only 29%. China built in 2012 35% ( 19.7 million CGT); Japan 8.4 million CGT.

Baden-Wurttemberg

  • Bodan -Werft, Kressbronn

Bavaria

  • Bavaria Yachts, gable city
  • Deggendorfer shipyard and iron construction, Deggendorf ( shipyard †)
  • Danube yards Regensburg ( †)
  • Erlenbacher shipyard machinery & steel building, Erlenbach am Main
  • Shipyard Hupp, Eibelstadt am Main (no shipyard more)

Berlin

  • Teltow- yard, Zehlendorf († 1962)

Bremen

More in Bremen shipyards and shipyards in Bremerhaven

  • Adler Werft, Bremerhaven († 1977)
  • Lloyd Werft Bremerhaven, Bremerhaven (especially repair, conversion and expansion )
  • MWB Motor Works AG Bremerhaven, Bremerhaven (since 1957; repair and engine repair)
  • Bredo ( Bremerhaven Dock, since 1996, own repair and remodeling )
  • Schichau Seebeck Shipyard GmbH, Bremerhaven († 2009)
  • Rickmers Werft, Bremerhaven ( 1834, today Rickmers Lloyd Dock operation, repairs and conversions)
  • Lürssen Werft GmbH & Co. KG, Bremen -Vegesack
  • Bremer Vulkan († 1997)
  • AG Weser († 1983)
  • Tecklenborg, Bremerhaven (†)

Hamburg

More in shipyards in Hamburg

  • Blohm Voss GmbH, Hamburg- Steinwerder since 1877
  • JJ Sietas Werft GmbH and Co., Hamburg- New field, since 1635
  • Norderwerft Steinwerder, Reiherstieg, since 1906
  • German shipyard, Finkenwerder (1967 merger to HDW, † 1973)
  • HDW Hamburg (1967 merger to HDW, † 1985)
  • German HDW - Werft (HDW ), Hamburg (1985 task of the Hamburg office )
  • Janssen & Schmilinsky († 1928 sale to HDW )
  • Köhlbrandwerft (1938 " arisiert " † 1958)
  • H. Rancke, Hamburg- Neuenfelde († 1968 for sale at JJ Sietas )
  • Reiherstieg shipyard (1927 takeover by German shipyard, † 1983)
  • Shipyard W. Holst, Hamburg- Neuenfelde († 1960 sale to JJ Sietas )
  • Schlieker Shipyard († 1962)
  • Stülcken Shipyard († 1966)
  • Vulkan Werft (1930-1985: HDW, from 1986: Blohm Voss, Ross Industrie GmbH, † 1987)
  • Gustav Wolkau, Hamburg- William Castle († 1975)
  • Feltz yard in Hamburg -Finkenwerder (since 1945)

Hesse

  • Shipyard Christof Ruthof, Mainz -Kastel (operation stopped in 1976 )
  • Shipyard Cytra, Darmstadt ( from 1998 )
  • Shipyard Gustav castle, Ginsheim (operation 1989 set )

Mecklenburg -Western Pomerania

  • Elbewerft Boizenburg Boizenburg / Elbe ( † 1997)
  • Hanse Yachts, Greifswald
  • Nordic Yards Wismar, Wismar (formerly Wadan Yards MTW, Aker MTW Werft )
  • Nordic Yards Warnemünde, Rostock
  • Neptun Werft, Rostock
  • Peene-Werft, Wolgast
  • Tamsen Maritim, Rostock
  • People's shipyard, Stralsund

Lower Saxony

More in shipyards on the lower Weser

See also Shipbuilding in Ostfriesland and Papenburg

  • Abeking & Rasmussen Ship and Yacht Werft GmbH & Co. KG, Lemwerder
  • Brand Werft, Oldenburg (†)
  • Cassens Werft GmbH, Emden
  • Elsflether shipyard, Elsfleth
  • Fassmer GmbH & Co. KG ( shipbuilding, marine rescue, construction and fiber composite technology ), Berne
  • J. H. Jacobs, Moorrege († 1959)
  • New Jadewerft GmbH, Wilhelmshaven, ( founded in 1948 as Jadewerft, after 1979 as New Jadewerft )
  • Martin Jansen GmbH & Co. KG, a former shipyard in Leer ( Ostfriesland)
  • Meyer Werft GmbH, Papenburg (especially cruise ships )
  • Nordsee Werke GmbH, Emden ( Emden shipyard EWD and Dockbetriebe ), a subsidiary of ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems
  • Detlef Hegemann Roland Werft GmbH & Co. KG, Berne, Warfleth, Hegemann Group
  • Mützelfeldtwerft GmbH, Cuxhaven ( founded in 1895; particular construction of tugs ).
  • Schulte & Bruns shipyard, Emden († 1979)
  • Stader Shipyard, Stade († 1976)
  • Hermann Sürken, Papenburg († 1992)

North Rhine -Westphalia

  • Hellwig boats, Erkelenz
  • Meidericher Shipyard GmbH & Co. KG, Duisburg
  • Kölner Werft GmbH & Co. KG shipbuilding, Ewald Berning, Cologne († 1976)
  • Lux - yard, Mondorf (low- Kassel)
  • Luwen shipping and trading company, Ruhr place ( founded in 1892, †)
  • Rose Meier Shipbuilding Minden Westf.

Rhineland -Palatinate

  • Josef Braun KG, Speyer
  • New Germersheim shipyard
  • Shipyard Hilgers Rheinbrohl

Saxony

  • Dresdner engineering works and shipyard Übigau, inland shipyard society "chain"

Schleswig-Holstein

  • Buesumer shipyard, Büsum (†)
  • D. Drettmann GmbH, Neustadt / Baltic Sea
  • Flender -Werke, Lübeck (†)
  • Flensburg shipbuilding mbH & Co. KG, Flensburg
  • German HDW - Werft (HDW ), Kiel (particularly submarine construction)
  • Hitzler Werft, Lauenburg / Elbe ( supply ships, Patrouillienboote )
  • Husum Shipyard, Husum ( † 1986)
  • Kremer shipyard, Elmshorn († 1978)
  • Lindenau, Kiel - Friedrichsort ( since 1919, most recently double-hull tankers )
  • Marina Brodersby GmbH, 24864 Brodersby
  • Nobis Krug GmbH, Rendsburg
  • Kröger - Shipyard, Schacht-Audorf, ( since 1928, since 1985 is part of the Lürssen Group)
  • Shipyard of Henry Koch AG, Lübeck (†)
  • Peters Shipbuilding, Wewelsfleth (since 1871)
  • Ship Laboe GmbH, Laboe

Australia

  • Austal 's Henderson and Margate

Chile

  • Astilleros y Maestranzas de la Armada ( ASMAR )

China

Shipyards in China belong mainly to two state-owned companies with a total of 255,000 employees:

  • China State Shipbuilding Corporation ( CSSC ), with shipyards in the south of the country, focuses Shanghai and Guangzhou including Jiangnan Shipyard
  • Hudong -Zhonghua Shipbuilding
  • Guangzhou Shipyard
  • China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC ), the shipyards in the north including Dalian Shipyard
  • Dalian New Shipyard
  • Bohai Shipbuilding
  • Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding on the Yangtze River

Being built on the island Chanxing in Yangtze River Delta (2007) to a length of 8 kilometers, the largest shipyard in the world in the same ships the size of supertankers to be built in seven docks.

Denmark

  • LM Yachting in Lunderskov (LM 27)
  • Odense Lindo Yard, Odense

Finland

  • STX Finland Cruise Oy (formerly Aker Kvaerner Yards ), is one of STX Europe. Turku and Rauma
  • Wärtsilä OA, Helsinki
  • Nautor AB, Kallby, Kronoby, Larsmo and Jakobstad

France

  • Chantiers de l' Atlantique, Saint -Nazaire

Italy

Japan

  • Teraoka Shipyard in Nandan
  • Oshima Shipbuilding in Oshima
  • Bulk Carriers in Kure Shipyard
  • Imamura in Kure

Canada

Croatia

  • Uljanik (Pula)
  • 3 maj (Rijeka )
  • Viktor Lenac (Rijeka )
  • Kraljevica ( Kraljevica )
  • Brodotrogir (Trogir)
  • Brodosplit (Split)
  • Radež ( Blato, Korčula)
  • Greben ( Vela Luka, Korcula )
  • Inkobrod ( Korčula, Korčula)

Netherlands

  • Amsterdamsche Dry Dock Maatschappij, Amsterdam ( †)
  • Bodewes Binnenvaart, Millingen am Rhein
  • Bodewes Shipyards, Hoogezand
  • Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding
  • Koninklijke Niestern Sander, Delfzijl
  • Linssen Yachts B. V., Maasbracht
  • Machinefabriek en Scheepswerf van P. Smit Jr., Rotterdam ( †)
  • Nederlandsche Dok en Scheepsbouw Maatschappij, Amsterdam ( †)
  • Nederlandse Maatschappij Scheepsbouw, Amsterdam ( †)
  • Rijn - Schelde en Machinefabrieken Scheepswerven, Rotterdam (†)
  • Rijn - Schelde - Verolme Machinefabrieken s Scheepswerven, Rotterdam (†)
  • Rotterdamsche Dry Dock Maatschappij, Rotterdam (†)
  • Shipyard De Hoop, Lobith and Foxhol
  • Verolme Verenigde Scheepswerven, Rotterdam (†)
  • Werf De Noord, Alblasserdam (†)
  • Wilton Fijenoord, Rotterdam (†)

Norway

  • Akers Mekaniske verksted
  • Fosen Mekaniske Verksted
  • Nylands Mekaniske verksted
  • Trondheim Mekaniske Verksted

Austria

  • ÖSWAG -Werft, Linz

Poland

Gdańsk:

  • Gdańsk Shipyard SA - Gdansk shipyard AG
  • Shipyard Północna SA - North Werft AG
  • Of Gdansk Shipyard SA Remontowa - Repair Shipyard Gdansk AG - Gdansk Ship Repair Yard
  • Maritim Shipyard ( est. 1992 )

Gdynia:

  • Shipyard Remontowa " Nauta " SA - Repair Shipyard Nauta AG (founded in 1927)
  • Shipyard of the Polish Navy (?)

Szczecin / Stettin:

Romania

  • Aker Braila, Braila
  • Aker Tulcea, Tulcea
  • Daewoo Mangalia, Mangalia
  • Damen Shipyards Galati, Galati
  • Santierul Naval Constanta, Constanta
  • Santierul Naval Giurgiu, Giurgiu
  • Santierul Naval Mangalia, Mangalia
  • Santierul Naval Tulcea, Tulcea
  • Santierul Naval Turnu Severin, Drobeta Turnu Severin
  • Severnav Shipbuilding, Drobeta Turnu Severin
  • Societatea Comercială Navol, Olteniţa
  • Societatea Comercială Severnav, Drobeta Turnu Severin
  • STX Europe - Braila, Braila
  • STX Europe - Tulcea, Tulcea

Switzerland

  • Escher Wyss & Cie., Zurich (†)
  • SBS shipyard, Roman Horn
  • Sulzer, Winterthur ( †)
  • Zsg shipyard, Zurich (operating shipyard)
  • Shipyard Meinrad Helbling AG, Schmerikon
  • Shipyard Scheurer AG Nidau

Sweden

  • Hallberg -Rassy
  • Kockums
  • Nimbus Boats, Västra Frölunda ( Gothenburg ), Sweden
  • Storebro Bruks, Storebro, Sweden

Spain

  • Navantia

South Korea

Turkey

  • Istanbul Shipyard

USA

  • Austal, Mobile
  • Avondale Shipyards
  • Charleston Navy Yard
  • Electric Boat
  • Fore River Shipyard
  • Newport News Shipbuilding
  • Norfolk Naval Shipyard
  • Ingalls Shipbuilding
  • Bath Iron Works
  • Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
  • NASSCO

United Kingdom

  • A. & J. Inglis, Glasgow ( †)
  • Ailsa Shipbuilding Company, Troon (†)
  • Appledore Shipbuilders, Appledore (Devon)
  • Austin & Pickersgill, Sunderland (†)
  • BAE Systems Naval, River Clyde
  • BAE Submarine Systems Barrow-in- Furness
  • Bartram & Sons, Sunderland (†)
  • Blyth Dry Docks & Shipbuilding Company (†)
  • British Shipbuilders Corporation ( †)
  • Caird & Co., Greenock (†)
  • Cammell, Laird & Company, Birkenhead
  • Charles Connell & Company ( †)
  • William Doxford & Sons, Sunderland (†)
  • Fairfield Shipbuilders (†)
  • Ferguson Shipbuilders (†)
  • Govan Shipbuilders (†)
  • Griffon Hovercraft, Southampton
  • Hall Russell & Company ( †)
  • Harland & Wolff, Belfast
  • Hawthorn, Leslie & Company
  • John Brown & Company, Clydebank (†)
  • John Priestman & Company, Sunderland (†)
  • Laird Brothers, Birkenhead (†)
  • Richardson, Duck & Company, Thornaby -on-Tees (†)
  • Ropner Shipbuilding, Stockton -on-Tees (†)
  • Smiths Dock Company (†)
  • Upper Clyde Shipbuilders (†)
  • VT Group
  • Wallsend Slipway & Engineering Company ( †)
  • Workman Clark, Belfast ( †)
  • Yarrow Shipbuilders (†)

Swell

Dock (maritime) Riverboat Classical antiquity Chinese treasure ship Bodan-Werft Kressbronn am Bodensee Bavaria Yachtbau Giebelstadt Zehlendorf (Berlin) Schichau Seebeckwerft Deutsche Werft Aryanization Reiherstieg Schiffswerfte & Maschinenfabrik Wilhelmsburg, Hamburg Volkswerft Berne, Germany Nordseewerke Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft Nobiskrug Rauma, Finland Saint-Nazaire Nandan County Ōshima Kure, Hiroshima Halifax Regional Municipality Blato, Korčula Rotterdamsche Droogdok Maatschappij Wilton-Fijenoord Trondhjems mekaniske Værksted Gdańsk Escher Wyss & Cie. Romanshorn Hallberg-Rassy Charleston Naval Shipyard Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding Griffon Hoverwork Stockton-on-Tees Namibia Ovambo people Integrated Authority File
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