Unitary Authority
As a Unitary Authority (" unitary authority " ) is in the United Kingdom and New Zealand refers to a form of territorial organization in the two tiers of government are merged and are thus managed by a single authority; in Scotland is the official designation Council Area. Some unitary authorities can be compared to independent cities in Germany and statutory cities in Austria.
United Kingdom
In England, Wales and Scotland unitary authorities were introduced in 1996. These are areas in which the tasks of a county (non- metropolitan county ) and one district (non- metropolitan district ) are united in a local authority. In a single-stage management so all tasks of a local council or local authority to be done. In Northern Ireland, a single-stage management in 1973 was established.
Some of the larger unitary authorities in England, Scotland and Wales have their territory divided into regional units, in which so-called Area Committees are responsible for the organization of certain tasks in their area.
England
The unitary authorities in England may be from only one city consist, for example, Southampton, Plymouth or Nottingham, also managed to cover all counties and its largely rural in character, such as Northumberland. While the existing of a single city unitary authorities have no subordinate administrative units, the large unitary authorities are still divided in part in so-called Civil parishes as the lowest administrative unit. Differences in the designation of these Parishes ( Villages and Towns as ) have this no administrative relevance. Additional unitary authorities in England can have the status Borough, Royal Borough or City, but has no significant impact on their skills.
Since 2009 in England there are a total of 56 unitary authorities under which the Isles of Scilly have a special status. Five ceremonial counties (Bristol, Herefordshire, Isle of Wight, Northumberland and Rutland ) each form a single unitary authority and eight ceremonial counties ( Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Cheshire, Cornwall, County Durham, East Riding of Yorkshire, Shropshire and Wiltshire) are everywhere in Unitary Authorities divided.
Similar administrative units gave it to the County Boroughs in England already exist between 1889 and 1974. Metropolitan Boroughs The 36 in England are usually not referred despite the administrative similarity as Unitary Authority.
List of unitary authorities in England
Wales
In Wales, the administration is organized nationwide stage since 1996. There are 22 Principal Areas, which are comparable to the Unitary Authority's in England, and of which Cardiff, Swansea and Newport have the status of a city and ten other the status of a county borough.
Scotland
In Scotland, the administration is organized nationwide stage since 1996. There are 32 unitary authorities, whose official name is Council Area and of those, Dundee, Edinburgh and Glasgow Aberdeen have the status of a City.
Northern Ireland
In Northern Ireland, the administration is organized nationwide stage since 1973. There are 26 districts, four of which have the status of a City. The Northern Ireland Districts have much less autonomy than the local levels of the other three parts of the country, in particular no competence in planning issues of all kinds
New Zealand
In New Zealand also, there are five unitary authorities, which simultaneously perceive regional and local administrative tasks. These were established by 1990, when the administrative divisions of New Zealand was re-organized from the ground up ( from about 700 administrative units were about 80 ). Three of the five unitary authorities in New Zealand are on the South Island and two in the North Island.
- Auckland ( North Island )
- Gisborne District & Regional Council ( North Island ),
- Marlborough District & Regional Council ( South Island )
- Nelson City & Regional Council ( South Island )
- Tasman District & Regional Council ( South Island )
The Chatham Islands & Regional Council has largely the authority of a unitary authority but heard not in this outline.