Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)

• CSV 23
• LSAP 13
• DP 13
• Gréng 6
• ADR 3
• Steering 2

The Chamber is the Luxembourg Parliament. This designation stands for Luxembourg Chambre des Députés ( Chamber of Deputies ). The Chamber is the legislative branch of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and consists of 60 deputies who are elected for five years by proportional representation from the people. The Chamber building is located next to the Palais Grand-Ducal in Luxembourg City. In Luxembourg unicameral applies.

• 3.1 Chamber President
• 3.2 The Chamber Office
• 3.3 Conference of Presidents
• 3.4 Parliamentary Committees
• 3.5 composition

Constitutional role

The role of the Chamber is to serve as part of the legislative procedure to make legislative proposals and to discuss them (as well as the laws of government projects ) in order then to accept or reject. Both the government and all Members can propose new laws. The Government's proposals are " Projet de loi " which called the deputies " Proposition de loi ". Once a proposal has been deposiert, it is forwarded to the competent parliamentary committee, where he is being investigated. Each bill must be approved by the State Council further. Some laws also needs the opinion of other bodies, such as professional associations, should be sought. Finally, it can then come up for discussion and vote in the House. Theoretically, every law must be approved twice ( a second time at least 3 months after the first vote), the Chamber may, however, grant a dispensation to a second ballot is held if the State recognizes this. A law usually occurs three days after the publication of the text in the "Mémorial ", a publication in which all legal texts are published in force.

In addition to the legislative role of the Chamber is responsible for the control of the government. It monitors public finances, can do research, ask questions to the Minister, this place in the Chamber to task, ask them to perform certain actions and accuse ministers of abuse of office.

Furthermore, led debates on important general issues in Parliament.

At the international level, the Chamber is responsible for the ratification of international agreements. Just when the Chamber agrees to an international agreement, it is final. Also the contact with foreign countries falls partly within the competence of the Chamber; it is also represented in many international parliamentary committees.

Chamber elections

The Chamber is made up of 60 deputies ( MPs ) who are elected for a term of five years by direct popular vote. The country is divided into four electoral districts with different number of deputies to be as fair distribution of the population in the country ( the South ( 23) Center ( 21) North (9 ), East ( 7) ). The voter votes equal to numbers and their voices can either accumulate (all votes to one party ) or panaschieren (personal choice, a maximum of two votes per candidate). The elections in Luxembourg are in accordance with the constitution freely, and generally secret.

Since 1919 Voting is compulsory for all adult citizens, and for anyone who is registered in the Luxembourg register of voters and is domiciled in Luxembourg. The law provides for even money and imprisonment, but this is not applied.

According to the results of the election, a party may disproportionately represent a certain number of deputies per district to the votes obtained. The candidates will be considered who have each received the most votes.

The contract for the formation of a government issued the Grand Duke, the attention to the political majorities in the Chamber takes into consideration. Most of the front-runner the strongest party is instructed other majorities are emerging, but can also be another person be appointed ( as in the Board's election in 2013, after received an order to form a government to the President of the third largest party, because these three parties, that could form the majority, was born ).

Membership of the government is incompatible with elective. For Members who enter the government, move to the next - most voted candidates of their party by the respective constituency. This is true even if MPs lose their mandate for another reason.

Fractions

Parties with at least five Members may form a group. You are more resources available for their work, and they have the possibility of the Chamber to submit legislative proposals. The chairman of a Group (Group President ) is also involved through the " Conference of Presidents " in the appointment of the Chamber offices as well as the determination of the sequence of the Chamber meetings.

Operation

The function of the Chamber is determined by the conditions laid down by the Constitution and the electoral law dispositions and one's own Rules of Procedure ( Règlement intérieur ). The period of a year in which meets the Chamber, called ordinary meeting (session ordinaire ), which will be opened at 15.00 clock according to the Constitution on the 2nd Tuesday of the month of October. Normally, each legislature has five Ordinary meetings. Each session will be opened by the Grand Duke in person or represented by its Prime Minister and closed.

Chamber President

The role of the President of the Chamber is to represent the Chamber outwardly to provide during the sessions for order and the observance of the rules to grant speaking time and to announce the result of votes and decisions of the Chamber. The President shall be represented by the Vice- President of the Chamber or, if this should be absent, by the oldest Member ( " Dean "). The President of the Chamber is often referred to as " first citizen of Luxembourg ". President since December 2013, Mars Di Bartolomeo (LSAP ).

List of Speakers of Parliament since 1945

The Chamber Office

At the beginning of a legislative period, the Chamber shall appoint the Chamber office in its plenary session. It consists of a president, three vice-presidents and a maximum of 7 members. The office is responsible for the administrative work of the Chamber. The office takes care of the financial and organistatorischen members' questions to the employees in the Chamber staff, etc. An exception is the daily schedule, which is determined by the Conference of Presidents.

Conference of Presidents

The Conference shall be composed of the President of the Chamber as well as the Presidents of the various political groups. Your most important task is to specify the agenda of these meetings to give their consent to those laws projects where the law provides for them.

Parliamentary commissions

Parliamentary committees are used to perform the parliamentary work more efficiently. Prepare the meetings of the Chamber by the laws projects and proposals and amendments and applications are discussed in them. The individual parties are represented as far as possible in proportion to their seats in the various commissions. There are permanent commissions, commissions of inquiry, legitimate and special, which can be determined by the Chamber itself.

Permanent commissions are those of the topics on which there are regular legislative projects or proposals. The lawful are those that are provided by law from. Special committees may temporarily for different - are established topics such as ethics, immigration or drugs - often socially sensitive. Commissions of inquiry serve to educate government affairs.

Composition

The table shows the composition of the Chamber since the parliamentary elections held on 20 October 2013.

Parliament TV

The Luxembourg Parliament Chamber television is TV, which is operated by the Chambre des Députés. The TV station took on 4 December 2001 on the transmission mode and can be received nationally via cable and satellite.

The public meetings will all be broadcast live. In addition to these broadcasts reports on the work of the Chamber and debates will be shown

History

Pursuant to Article 13 of the German Federal Act also Luxembourg commitment to establish a "land permanent constitution" and a parliament. This commitment came the Grand Duke until 1841. As Parliament, the Estates Assembly ( " Assemblée des Etats " ) was established. The powers, however, were low, according to the tradition of constitutions in the pre-March period. The deputies were elected by direct vote. As parliamentary constituencies, the cantons were used. There was a Census suffrage. The number of members was 32

The March revolution also led the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg to democratic reforms. 1848 had to agree, replaced the national assembly by a freely elected Chamber of Deputies ( " Chambre des Députés ") of the Grand Duke of a constitutional amendment. The powers of the Parliament have been expanded massively. Budget law, Gesetzesinititiative and the immunity of deputies were committed.

After the victory of the reaction, the reforms were reversed and in 1856 introduced the old assembly of the estates again. However, the right to vote has already been adapted in 1868 the developments in the empire. The Parliament was again the name of the Chamber of Deputies and was again expanded authority. For the election was a census suffrage.

The Chamber of Deputies was after the electoral law of June 22, 1901 from 48 deputies. The deputies were elected by the cantons in direct elections for six years. Half of the deputies every three years, was elected. The census was a tax payment of 10 Frank. The right to vote was over the age of 24 years.

From 1919 corresponded to the choice of the Chambre des Députés today's democratic ideas. In addition to the universal, free and equal suffrage women's suffrage was introduced.