Fiat Panda
The Fiat Panda is a very small cars from Fiat, the first series of the spring of 1980 was built until the fall of 2003 over four million copies. He is thus one of the most successful models of the brand.
That by its designer Giorgio Giugiaro as a " home appliance on wheels" characterized car fell on its angular, smooth-faced form - even the windows were flat. With this design, and a Spartan interior of the Panda could be especially manufactured at low cost and offered ( in 2000 in Italy for about 5,000 euros ), for example, reminded the seats strung steel tube frame ( first series and subsequent base models ) to camping furniture. End of 1996, Fiat took the panda of the European markets (except in the home ), which was attributed to the strict emission standards and safety regulations. With its minimalist, functional -oriented design of the Panda in the tradition of Citroën 2CV and Renault is 4 Like them, he was not only a "Volkswagen", but his property was considered by many as an expression of a non-conformist and consumer society living adequate for the on status symbols no value sets or rejects. Was also emphasized by a very popular Panda campaign in Germany ( " Fiat Panda - the great chest" ), the practicality, economy and ecology presented in the foreground.
In 2003, Fiat a completely redesigned version of the Panda as Nuova Panda ago. This model was originally to be marketed as Fiat Gingo. Was built the new Panda to 2012 in the Polish Tychy.
The third generation of the Panda was first introduced in 2011 and produced since 2012 in the former Alfa Romeo factory at Pomigliano d' Arco (Naples). In December 2012, the Panda was III 4 × 4 gave you the award "SUV of the Year" ( the SUV of the Year) by the prestigious Top Gear magazine.
- 2.1 Special Editions
- 2.2 engines
- 2.3 Chinese replica
- 3.1 characteristics
- 3.2 concept
- 3.3 Production
- 3.4 engines
Panda (type 141, 1980-2003 )
Fiat Panda (1980-1986)
Technical data and drive
The nearly 700 -pound panda was from March 1980 offered only as a three- door with a large tailgate (type designation: 141). On request, a two-piece folding roof was available. Three engines were available; the smallest version was an air-cooled parallel twin with 650 cc and a power output of 30 hp (22 kW) from the previous Fiat 126 There was also water-cooled four-cylinder with 847/903 cc and a power of 34/45 PS ( 25/33 kW), which had already been built for the Fiat 850.
Beginning in 1986 Fiat built the Panda with so-called "FIRE " engines ( for Fully Integrated Robotized Engine). These were handled by robots and mounted. They have fewer moving parts than the older OHV engine, a gear belt driven overhead camshaft and a five -bearing crankshaft. All FIRE engines in the Fiat Panda are 8- valve engine with 769/999/1108 cc and 34/44 45 / 50 55 hp ( 25/32 33 / 37 40 kW). Used for mixture preparation Fiat first exclusively Weber Single carburetor; from the introduction of the catalyst injection systems were installed with a central injector, in 1987, the Bosch Mono-Jetronic, delivered from 1992 Weber SPI ( Single Point Injection ) and from 2000 as MPI ( Multi Point Injection ).
A novelty was the Panda Selecta. Instead of the now standard 5 -speed manual transmission, a continuously variable transmission ( ECVT ) was used with thrust belt and magnetic powder clutch. The ECVT transmission based on the DAF VARIOmatic; it was further developed by Fiat and produced by Fuji Heavy Industries.
Between 1986 and 1992 there was the panda as version " D " with a derived from the Fiat Uno 1301 cc diesel engine that had 39 hp ( 29 kW).
Differences
The first version of the Fiat Panda was built from March 1980 to January 1986 ( "MC1 "). To her as: Panda 30 Panda 34 Panda 45 and the first four-wheel versions Panda 4 × 4
In January 1986, the Panda was equipped with the new Fire engine and subjected to extensive revision. The sheet metal grille was replaced by a plastic and the rear license plate was no longer attached to the tailgate, but on the bumper. In addition, a variant Panda Van was offered a kind of two-seat mini vans with rear door and flaps of sheet metal instead of the rear side windows.
The rigid rear axle was sprung not by leaf springs, but with coil springs and trailing arms and performed on a rubber mount on the axle tube. The tube was bent to the front ( omega- axis). Muffler and tank sit with the newer models behind instead of in front of the rear axle. The interior received a facelift in early 1986.
The series comprised by the beginning of 1986, carried out transformation ( " MK2 " ) initially only the models Panda 750 ( 769 cc ) and Panda 1000 ( 999 cc ). Later, the car was offered with the 900 engines (no fire- engine ) and 1100 ( 1108 cc ).
In the fall of 1991, again followed by a slight internal and external revision.
Fiat Panda Van (1986-1991)
Fiat Panda (1991-2003)
Fiat Panda 4 × 4 (1991-2003)
Panda 4 × 4
From June, 1983 to an all-terrain Panda 4 × 4 was offered with all-wheel drive, which also took part in the Paris-Dakar Rally. The all-wheel drive was developed by Steyr Puch in Graz, the complete car was assembled in Austria. The engine of the 850 -kg car had 948 cc and 48 hp. From 1986, the "FIRE engine " with 999 cc and 45 hp or 50 hp 1108- cc engine with 50 PS (37 kW), later with 54 hp ( 40 kW), was built from 1991.
Panda Elettra
In 1990, the Panda Elettra was presented. In this model, there was a vehicle with an electric motor. His biggest problem was the heavy twelve 6- volt lead -gel batteries that raised the weight up to 1240 kg. From the Elettra series, which was mostly used in small number of Italian municipalities, there was next to the Panda nor the Fiat Seicento and the Fiat Ducato. According to the manufacturer, the Panda Elettra should achieve ranges of up to 70 km in city traffic.
Panda Special models
- Panda Primavera (1982 ), Double - folding roof
- Panda Bianca (1985 ), Available in White, decorative strips, white seat covers
- Panda Trio ( 1986), painting completely in red or black, decorative strips, longitudinally striped seat covers
- Panda 4x4 Sisley ( 1987), decorative strips, roof rack, tilt meter, partial leather seat covers
- Panda 1000 CL Fantasia ( UK, 1988), painted in Lawn Green or Blue Bahamas, grille in body color, double - folding roof, plaid seat covers
- Panda Pop ( 1987)
- Panda Garda ( 1987)
- Panda Adriatic Sea ( 1988)
- Panda Ponte ( 1989), painted in brown silk or diamond gray - metallic, decorative strips, velor seat covers, 2.ter door mirrors as standard, double sunroof optional
- Panda Dance ( 1989)
- Panda Sergio Tacchini (1990 )
- Panda Eleganza (1992 )
- Panda Pink and Verde (1992 )
- Panda Bluebay (1993 )
- Panda Cosi (1993)
- Panda College ( Switzerland ), two-tone metallic paint, decorative strips, Autovox car radio
Weaknesses
- Sump: rusting from the outside. Oil pan is poorly protected against chipping. Paint quickly takes damage from the ground.
- Electrical: connectors mounted not always clean
- Ground Lead: Corrosion
- Fuel Pump: Cable poorly laid scrubs by the passage of time
- Headlight range control very short-lived
- Corrosion on door edges and side rail in rear wheel arches
- Handbremsumlenkhebel rust in the joint fixed - rear drum brake, if it is not used regularly
Others
In Spain, the Fiat Panda by autumn 1980 was built until the late summer of 1985 by the former subsidiary Seat under the name Seat Panda. The cars were nearly identical. From the autumn of 1985 Seat built the original Panda in slightly modified form as Seat Marbella until the end of 1998 on.
Nuova Panda ( model 169, 2003-2012),
Fiat Panda (2003-2012)
In the fall of 2003 came a completely new Fiat Panda (type designation: 169) on the market, which was voted Car of the Year 2004. He was bigger, stronger and richer motorized equipped with the old model, only the name in common is compared to this. Produced this panda in the Polish Tychy.
The Nuova Panda was built only as a five-door hatchback. The engine range consisted of three petrol engines ( 1.1 with 40 kW/55 hp, 1.2 with 44 kW/60 hp and 74 kW/100 hp with 1.4 ), and a turbodiesel with common - rail injection, the 51 kW ( 70 hp ) made. There was also a " race " (Panda 100HP ), who owned a sport suspension and a 1.4 - liter engine with 74 kW/100 hp. The plan was also an Abarth version with 99 kW/135 hp ( 1.4 Turbo ).
The new Panda was consistently the best-selling car in its class in Europe since its launch.
Originally, the new Panda was to be called " gingo ". Therefore, the first second-generation Fiat Panda also wore a sign with the original name. In fan circles he is affectionately referred to as " gingo " to point out the differences.
In January 2005, the four-wheel drive version was added Panda 4 × 4. He could be seen, among other things on the transverse muffler and the somewhat larger ground clearance.
In January 2006, a variant of the 4 × 4 was introduced as Panda " Cross", which was only available with the 1.3 Multijet 16V diesel (51 kW).
As of January 2007, the Panda was also available as a natural gas vehicle. The Panda " Natural Power " was the first vehicle in its class with underfloor technology. This was achieved by the platform of the Panda 4 × 4, on the new version had built.
The natural gas - Panda is driven by a process known from other models in the range 1.2-liter four-cylinder engine that can be operated by its bivalent interpretation either natural gas or gasoline. He makes operating in the gas 38 kW ( 52 hp) and run on petrol 45 kW (60 hp). The consumption of natural gas operation to 100 km 4.2 kg of natural gas or 6.2 liters per 100 kilometers in the gasoline mode. When taking advantage of both fuel loads (13 kg of natural gas, 30 gallons of gasoline ), the range is approximately 750 kilometers.
In autumn 2010, the engine range has been greatly reduced. From then on, there were only one petrol engine ( 1.2 8V 51 kW), diesel ( 1.3 Multijet 16v 55 kW ) and a natural-gas version ( 1.4 8V 57 kW and 51 kW) in the program. Beginning of 2011 were also the Panda 100HP and the Panda "Cross" removed from the program.
In the late summer of 2012, the remaining Panda variants were adjusted.
Fiat Panda 4 × 4 (2005-2012)
Fiat Panda Cross (2006-2011)
Fiat Panda 100HP (2006-2011)
Special Editions
- Panda Alessi
- Panda Aria
- Panda hydrogen
- Panda Jolly
- Panda Luxury
- Panda Mamy
- Panda MultiEco
- Panda Natural Power
- PanDAKAR
- Panda Simba
- Panda Tanker (Concept Car)
- Panda Terra Mare 4
- Panda Imola
- Panda Dynamic
- Panda Sport
- Panda Racing
- Panda Edizione Magnifica
Motors
Chinese replica
In 2006, Fiat sued the Chinese carmaker Great Wall, as the model " Peri " copied the design of the Fiat Panda. Mid-2008, Fiat won the lawsuit, making imports of vehicles was stopped after Europe. In addition, the Chinese carmaker 15,000 euros compensation must be paid to Fiat and the future for each additional import 50,000 euros.
Panda (Type 312/319, since 2012 )
Fiat Panda ( since 2012 )
At the IAA 2011 in Frankfurt, the third generation of the Fiat Panda was introduced to the public.
Although the official launch in Germany was announced March 3, 2012 and the first traders were already supplies 30 January with new cars of the new generation. There are four different engines available.
Characteristics
Although the third generation of the Fiat Panda newly appears compared to the previous model, it is based on the same kit.
Over time, this kit has been updated for the newly adapted models: 2007 for the Fiat 500, 2011 for the Lancia Ypsilon and for the new Fiat Uno on the Brazilian market. With these models, the new Panda also shares certain aesthetic details. Compared to the predecessor introduced in the fall of 2003, the vehicle has grown a few inches, to increase the passive safety of the chassis and the interior.
Concept
The concept of the new Fiat Panda does not differ much from the previous version. Based on the success of the model in the past, the mission of the product remains unchanged. The vehicle is a rational product, especially oriented practical and give priority to comfort, roominess and versatility. The car was conceived as a union of the two previous models. Some distinctive elements of the model of the 80s were taken that were lost due to technical or country-specific reasons in the model in 2003 in favor of other solutions. One of these solutions is for example the dashboard characteristic with open glove compartment of the first model, which the dimensions of the front passenger airbags were in the second generation victim. However, if the appearance of the first generation considered, the concept of the new Fiat Panda seems to be a completely new. While the third generation is a practical car, it appears externally no longer strictly and very deliberate in the aesthetic details. The car surpasses the expectations that were provided to the previous models and also appeals to those that put more emphasis on style and charm.
Production
The production facility is located in Pomigliano d' Arco (Naples). You will probably be able to produce up to 1,000 units per day. The shift of the production of the Fiat Panda from the plant in Tychy (Poland ) was necessary because it is already at full capacity by the production of the Fiat 500. The shift to the new plant is part of a new national project, in which Fiat plans to double car production in Italy. On this occasion the work was Pomigliano (formerly Alfa Romeo ) in Italy rebuilt it.
Motors
* Eco -operated with key