Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland, BWV 62

Now come, der Heiden Heiland ( BWV 62) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the chorale cantata on Martin Luther's Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland 1724 in Leipzig for the first Advent, December 3, 1724.

History and words

Bach wrote the cantata in his second year in Leipzig for the first Advent, with which the church year begins, and led them on 3 December 1724 on. The prescribed readings were Romans 13:11-14 LUT, " The night is far spent, the day is at hand. ", And Mt from 21.1 to 9 LUT, the entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. The chorale cantata is based on Martin Luther's song Come, der Heiden Heiland, the main song for the first Advent. With the first verse of this song Bach already had ten years earlier, the cantata Nun komm in Weimar, der Heiden Heiland, BWV 61, started. The unknown poet kept the first and the last (eighth ) in the text at verse, wrote the verses 2 and 3 performs an aria to, verses 4 and 5 to a recitative, the other two stanzas of an aria and a duet recitative.

Bach led the cantata in 1736 to again, but he added to all records a vote for Violone added after the Thomas School had purchased in 1735 at an auction a tool. Bach's successor Johann Friedrich Doles led the cantata after Bach's death.

Scoring and structure

The cantata is staffed with four soloists, soprano, alto, tenor and bass, four-part choir, horn for amplification of the chorale melody, two oboes, two violins, viola and basso continuo.

Music

With the first Advent the church year begins. The old tune of his main song consists of four lines, the first and last are equal. In the instrumental ritornello opening chorus this topic appear first in the continuo, then slightly modified in the oboes. Apart from this material from the chorale melody, the orchestra plays a free Concerto in which the oboes introduce a topic and the first violin concerts. The refrain appears shortened three times as a turning point between the text lines and completely at the end of a sentence. The soprano sings the cantus firmus in long notes, in each case prepared by imitative inserts the lower voices. Alfred Dürr believed that the Gospel of Jesus' entry into Jerusalem, the festive music inspired in 6/4-Takt. Christoph Wolff emphasized that the small cast, the Lent of Advent considered in Leipzig only on the 1st Sunday cantata music was admitted.

The first aria treats the " great mystery: The highest ruler appeareth in the world. O ... miracle! chastity is not defiled "in the Siciliano rhythm with string accompaniment, which is doubled by the oboes in tutti sections of the oboe. In stark contrast, the second aria for bass emphasizes the call " hassles, victory, mighty man of valor! " With a " combative - tumultuous " topic in the continuo, which is doubled in a later version by the high strings. Gardiner considers the aria as a precursor to " Great Lord and mighty king " in Part I of the Christmas Oratorio. The subsequent duet brings deep gratitude expressed: " We honor these glory", accompanied by delicate strings. The last stanza is set simply four voices.

Recordings

Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis Bass (voice type) Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra Collegium Vocale Gent Peter Kooy BIS Records Werner Neumann Integrated Authority File Ach Gott, wie manches Herzeleid, BWV 3 Allein zu dir, Herr Jesu Christ, BWV 33 Brich dem Hungrigen dein Brot, BWV 39 Am Abend aber desselbigen Sabbats, BWV 42 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt, BWV 68 Alles nur nach Gottes Willen, BWV 72 Alles, was von Gott geboren, BWV 80a Bisher habt ihr nichts gebeten in meinem Namen, BWV 87 Ach, lieben Christen, seid getrost, BWV 114 Christum wir sollen loben schon, BWV 121 Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein, BWV 128 Aus der Tiefen rufe ich, Herr, zu dir, BWV 131 Bereitet die Wege, bereitet die Bahn! BWV 132 Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz, BWV 136 Bringet dem Herrn Ehre seines Namens, BWV 148 Ach! ich sehe, itzt, da ich zur Hochzeit gehe, BWV 162 Barmherziges Herze der ewigen Liebe, BWV 185 Mein Herze schwimmt im Blut, BWV 199 Entfliehet, verschwindet, entweichet, ihr Sorgen, BWV 249a St Mark Passion (Bach)
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