Rowing at the Summer Olympics

  • Survey
  • Medalist
  • Medalists
  • The successful participants
  • Nations ratings

The sport of rowing will be held at the Summer Olympic Games since 1900. The competition is called the Olympic rowing regatta and is the sporty sophisticated and prestigious competition in international rowing.

At the first Olympic Games of the modern era in 1896, the rowing competitions had to be canceled due to strong winds. From 1900 to 1972 competitions were held in different boat classes for men only because the woman Rowing has long been regarded as unseemly and medically questionable. Since 1976 women competitions are olympic 1996 was followed by three boat classes for lightweights. The number of discharged boat classes since then is at 14, eight for men and six for women. Each nation may only represent one team in each class of boat so that in case of qualification in all classes to 28 men and 20 women participate. Since the number of participants is limited to the boot classes can currently start at a Olympic rowing regatta maximum of 353 men and 197 women.

Over time, the program of boat classes has been changed several times. With the addition of new classes of boat were doing old deleted in order to keep the number of participants in the frame. The Olympic rowing regatta is organized under the rules of the International Rowing Federation ( FISA ), which is responsible for the qualification regattas.

Lifted boat classes

Since 1996, the program of the discharged boat classes has not been changed. The following boat classes are held (including abbreviation and the current number of starting places):

  • Women: One ( W1x, 25 starting places ), double scull ( W2X, 10), quadruple sculls ( W4X, 8), two without coxswain (W2 - 10 ), eight ( W8 , 7)
  • Men: One ( M1x, 33), double scull ( M2x, 13), quadruple sculls ( M4x, 13), two without coxswain ( M2, 13), coxless four (M4 - 13 ), eight ( M8 , 8)
  • Women (lightweight ): Double Sculls ( LW2x, 17)
  • Men (lightweight ): Double Sculls ( LM2x, 20), coxless four ( LM4 -, 13)

Lightweight rowing was threatened a few years after the introduction of the deletion because the International Olympic Committee (IOC ) wanted to see in 2002 with the exception of martial arts no more weight classes in the program. With the cancellation of the lightweight boat classes should explicitly associated relatively high number of participants and the number of discharged Olympic boat classes, a reduction in comparison to other sports. After the intervention of the International Rowing Federation, however, a grandfathered for existing already in the Olympic program, including the disciplines Leichtgewichtsruderns was pronounced.

Women

For women boat classes are extended at the Olympic regatta since 1976.

For men boat classes are extended at the Olympic regatta since 1900. 1896 fell from the competitions.

Race distance

From the beginning of modern games, the race distance of the Olympic regatta should be 2000 meters. In the first sweeps but also curvy lines between 1750 meters and 2414 meters ( 1.5 miles ) were used, which in some cases could only start two to three boats in one run. Since 1912 in Stockholm, however, the length of the route is the one exception is always 2000 meters in almost a straight route. Only 1948 more to the distance from the race track to the Henley Royal Regatta in Henley-on -Thames, it was only 1850 meters rowed. In Berlin in 1936, the regatta was first carried out to six runways on the regatta course Berlin- Grunau, which has been established since 1956 in Melbourne as a standard.

With the introduction of women's competitions in 1976 in Montreal, the race distance for the women initially was only 1000 meters. Since 1988 in Seoul but rowing and women over the 2000 meter course.

Qualification

Up to the Olympic regatta in Barcelona in 1992, there was no qualification system, such that the member associations of the FISA could register a team for each boat class. Thus, the number of participants had risen in rowing over the years to 627, which was a very high value compared to other sports.

FISA established then a restriction on the starting positions for each boat class. The qualification can be achieved by the national member associations of the International Rowing Federation since the 1996 Summer Olympics in various regattas in advance. The greater part of the launch sites, currently 129 out of 200, will be awarded at the World Rowing Championships in the year before the Olympic regatta to the member associations of there top-ranked teams. The rowers in the qualified boat classes may be up to Olympic Regatta still exchanged via this qualification path, the qualification is not so personal. A further 43 starting places in single kayaks and double twos can be reached from the start there legitimate national rowing federations on continental qualification regattas in Africa, Asia and South America. The last 28 generally accessible starting places will be awarded at an international qualification in the framework of the rowing World Cup a few months before the games. The qualification of the continental and international qualifying race are personal, meaning a reshuffle of the team is then only possible in case of injury. Two launch sites are also reserved for the host nation, four rowers can participate by invitation from the International Rowing Federation.

Participating nations

Medal Tally

By far the most successful nation in the final medals table of the Olympic regatta is Germany with 62 gold, 28 silver and 29 bronze medals (as after the regatta of London, 2012). In this case, however, all the medals of the predecessor States are counted, so that at times were two German teams compete for medals. But the rowers of the former GDR, with 33 gold, 7 silver and 8 bronze medals successful than any other nation to this day, although they were present only in five of 27 sweeps in the field of participants. This successful series is now also associated with the practiced at that time state doping in the GDR in conjunction, from which also the rowing was affected. As in the 1970s and 1980s, doping controls were not yet common, they can lead to any sanctions.

Other successful rowing nations at the Olympics, the United States (32 gold, 31 silver and 24 bronze medals ), the United Kingdom ( 28-22-13 ) and Romania ( 19-10-8 ). A total of 38 nations can win medals at the Olympic Regatta.

Multiple medal winners

Rowers typically run only in a boat class at a Olympic Regatta, only in a few exceptional cases, top athletes double -offs have ventured into two classes. Thus, the potential medal haul is limited. However, could in the past several rowers rowing for over 20 years in the world rankings, while reach up to six Olympia appearances with a corresponding medal haul.

The most successful Olympic rowers with at least 5 gold medals are:

  • Elisabeta Lipa (Romania, 6 participations 1984-2004, 5 gold 2 silver 1 bronze )
  • Steven Redgrave (United Kingdom, 5 participations 1984-2000, 5 gold 1 bronze )
  • Georgeta Andrunache (Romania, 4 participations 2000-2012, 5 gold 1 bronze )
List of Olympic medalists in rowing (men) List of Olympic medalists in rowing (women) Rowing at the 1900 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1972 Summer Olympics Watercraft rowing Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1996 Summer Olympics Single scull Eight (rowing) Rowing at the 1904 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1906 Intercalated Games Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1920 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1924 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1928 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1932 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1936 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1948 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1952 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1956 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1960 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1964 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1968 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1988 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1992 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1980 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 1984 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 2000 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 2004 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 2008 Summer Olympics Rowing at the 2012 Summer Olympics Argentina Australia Bermuda Brazil Bulgaria Chile Chinese Taipei Unified Team of Germany El Salvador Finland France Greece Guatemala Honduras Italy Cameroon New Zealand Niger Portugal United Arab Republic Doping in East Germany Georgeta Damian Rowing at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics Basketball at the Summer Olympics Fencing at the Summer Olympics Golf at the Summer Olympics Handball at the Summer Olympics Biathlon at the Winter Olympics Bobsleigh at the Winter Olympics Curling at the Winter Olympics Ice hockey at the Olympic Games Figure skating at the Olympic Games Speed skating at the Winter Olympics Freestyle skiing at the Winter Olympics Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics Luge at the Winter Olympics Short track speed skating at the Winter Olympics Skeleton at the Winter Olympics Alpine skiing at the Winter Olympics Cross-country skiing at the Winter Olympics Ski jumping at the Winter Olympics Snowboarding at the Winter Olympics Baseball at the Summer Olympics Croquet at the 1900 Summer Olympics Jeu de paume at the 1908 Summer Olympics Water motorsports at the 1908 Summer Olympics Basque pelota at the 1900 Summer Olympics Rackets at the 1908 Summer Olympics Roque at the 1904 Summer Olympics Softball at the Summer Olympics
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