1860 in art
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- 3.1 January to August
- 3.2 from September to December
- 3.3 More death unknown
Events
Architecture
On November 1, built from the opera tenor Karl Treumann to plans by the architects Ferdinand Fellner Theater at Franz- Josef - Kai opened in Vienna. The ground on Morzinplatz created by the demolition of the city walls of Vienna in 1858. The Treumann theater plays an important role in the establishment of Viennese operetta.
The young and largely unknown architect Charles Garnier surprise winner of the architectural competition for the construction of the new Paris Opera. The 15- year long construction of the Opéra Garnier is his life's work.
Victor Baltard begins with the construction of the Church St -Augustin in Paris, the first church with an iron structure. The construction will take until 1871.
Sculpture
The Anton Dominik Fernkorn with the constructions of Eduard van der Null built equestrian statue of Archduke Charles of Austria will be unveiled at the scheduled Imperial Forum in Vienna. The square where the monument is located is named later Heldenplatz. The monument is remarkable, as the horse is shown in popping up, so that only the two hind legs touch the base. Inspired is the monument of the famous battle picture Archduke Charles at the Battle of Aspern by Johann Peter Krafft.
Pressure
The publishing house of Georg Wigand in Leipzig published in December as deluxe edition on China paper since 1852, published in several deliveries Bible in Pictures, a representation of the Old and New Testaments, which largely waiving the Bible text alone by 240 wood engravings by the artist Julius Schnorr von Carol Field to convey the most important scenes from the holy book of Christians studied. She becomes the most successful folk and children's Bible until well into the 20th century.
Painting
The French painter Édouard Manet, who just left his parents' home at the age of 28 years and moved into a first apartment in the Batignolles district, together with the two-year old Dutch pianist Suzanne Leenhoff and her son Léon, painted with oil on canvas, the two images Portrait the parents and the Spanish singer, both of which he submits next year at the Salon de Paris and are issued by this.
Founded in 1858 by members of the former Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood Hogarth Club in London in May, his first exhibition in the new premises at 6 Waterloo Place. But in the same year it is - because of the stylistic issues, especially about the way how the club is to be performed - to disputes among the members, who will lead the following year to the dissolution of the club.
Anselm Feuerbach, since 1857 member of the German artists' association in Rome, learns Anna Risi know, called Nanna. The wife of a Roman cobbler is his model and his lover. This begins the series of Feuerbach's famous Nanna - portraits.
The American painter James McNeill Whistler learn in a studio in London's Rathbone Place the Irishwoman Joanna Hiffernan know who will be his favorite model and his lover in the next few years.
The Salzburg painter Josef Mayburger paints the painting The Klausentor from the city side, one of the two Salzburg city gates.
The 21- year-old Paul Cézanne receives from his father's permission to paint the walls of the salons of the purchased of this property in the previous year Jas de Bouffan.
Spring, summer, autumn and winter, the Cézanne ironically signed with
Instead, as desired by his parents to study at the École des Beaux -Arts, the 19 -year-old Claude Monet at the free Académie Suisse enters art school, where he dealt mainly with figure studies. Monet visited at this time exhibitions of the painters of the Barbizon school, a company founded in 1830 artist colony, which touted the painting in the style of realism. In addition, he sometimes stays at the Brasserie des Martyrs, which is a meeting point of many modern artists and writers. His father cut him off as a consequence the financial support.
After Frederic Edwin Church, Thomas Cole's student and member of the second generation of Hudson River School, a house was purchased in the small town of Hudson in New York State, created a painting Twilight in the Wilderness.
At an exhibition at London's Royal Academy of Arts, the painting The Black Brunswickers of the English Pre-Raphaelite John Everett Millais created a sensation. With 1000 guineas Millais receives up to that time the highest price for one of his paintings for his painted in chiaroscuro - style oil paintings.
Spitzweg's works in 1860
The Munich painter Carl Spitzweg painted around 1860 one of his most famous images. The work The intercepted love letter is one of his so- called "point images." At about the same time resulting images The Eternal Bridegroom and Institute walk into this category. Around 1860 but begins Spitzweg also with creating small landscapes and idylls, which he often painted on the boards of his cigar boxes, such as the landscape at the Ammersee.
The eternal bridegroom
Institute walk
Landscape am Ammersee
Photography
The Frenchman Gustave Le Gray documented during the Risorgimento in Italy to train the thousands of Sicily, while also manufactures several portraits of Giuseppe Garibaldi and his generals to.
- December 25: Ludwig Angerer is k.u.k. Hof -Photograph.
The Grand Ducal Saxon School of Arts in Weimar
During the so-called " Silver Age of Weimar " founded Grand Duke Carl Alexander of Saxe- Weimar -Eisenach, the Grand Ducal Saxon School of Arts Weimar. This educational institution of artistic orientation is due to the initiative of painter Stanislaus von Kalckreuth, which accordingly is officially entrusted with the opening ceremony on October 1 with the management of the Institute. From the outset, well-known artists of the time can be gained as a teacher for the new school, including Arnold Böcklin, Arthur von Ramberg, Carl Hummel, Franz Spranger and Johann Wilhelm Cordes. In the following years, here the flow of the Weimar painting is developed.
Museums
The Musée des beaux -arts de Montréal ( Montreal Museum of Fine Arts) in Montreal is founded. Situated on the Golden Square Mile in the Quartier du Musée Museum is now Canada's oldest art museum. The annually visited by about 500,000 people museum is also the largest museum in the country.
Born
- April 6: René Lalique, French entrepreneur, founder, jewelry and glass artists († 1945)
- April 9: Philipp Franck, German painter († 1944)
- April 13: James Ensor, Belgian painter and draftsman († 1949)
- APRIL 24: Gerhard Janensch, German sculptor and medalist († 1933)
- MAY 24: Walter Kern, German architect and master builder († 1918)
- MAY 31: Walter Sickert, English painter († 1942)
- June 7: Hanns Fechner, German painter and writer († 1931)
- June 14: Walter Martens, German architect († 1937)
- AUGUST 30: Isaac Levitan, Russian painter of realism († 1900)
- AUGUST 31: Karl Emil joke, German architect and city chronicler († 1945)
- September 7: Grandma Moses, American painter († 1961)
- September 10: Werefkin, Russian -Swiss painter († 1938)
- October 2: Hans Arnold, German sculptor († 1913)
- 4 October: Sidney Paget, British illustrator († 1908)
- NOVEMBER 1: Ernst Stöhr, Austrian artist, poet and musician († 1917)
Died
January to August
- January 8: Gustav Franck, Austrian writer, editor and artist ( * 1807)
- FEBRUARY 18: Karl Josef Ignatz Mosler, German painter and art historian (* 1788)
- March 5: Alfred Dedreux, French painter (* 1810)
- MARCH 28: Karl Theodor von Buseck, German watercolor painter and lithographer (* 1803)
- April 20: Ferdinand fog, German architect (* 1782 )
- April 23: Konstanty Adam Czartoryski, Polish officer and art collector (* 1774)
- MAY 12: Charles Barry, English architect and builder (* 1795)
- July 7: Achilles Huber, Swiss architect (* 1776)
- July 8: Ludwig Theodor publican, German draftsman and lithographer (* 1796)
- August 22: Alexandre -Gabriel Decamps, French painter (* 1803)
September to December
More death unknown
- Hans Peter Feddersen the Elder, German Bauer and portrait painter (* 1788)
- Pelagio Palagi, Italian painter, sculptor and furniture designer ( * 1775)
- Eduard Look Bert, Prussian architect (* 1804)