Kohlberg, Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg

Kohlberg is a municipality in the district of Esslingen in Baden- Württemberg. Kohlberg is with its entire municipal area part of the biosphere area Swabian Alb.

2.1 Population development

3.1 municipal
3.2 Coat of Arms

4.1 Structures
4.2 Natural Monuments

5.1 Sons and daughters of the town

Geography

Geographical Location

Kohlberg is located on the escarpment in 357-673 meters altitude.

Community structure

To the municipality apart from the village Kohlberg There are no other places.

Neighboring communities

The following cities and municipalities border on the community Kohlberg, they are listed clockwise starting in the north and part of the district of Esslingen and Reutlingen to the district ¹: Frickenhausen, Neuffen, Metzingen ¹ ¹ and Grafenberg.

History

The traces of settlement in the area Kohlberg go far back to the time before the birth of Christ. In the Middle Won Wasen tools produced were recovered from Jurassic chert, from the Neolithic period, about 3000 to 2000 BC, dating. The tools found suggest that the inhabitants of the municipal area Kohlberger pastoralists, hunter-gatherers were partly. A found on the Jusi potty from the Late Bronze Age proves that the Kohlberger " mountain" was inhabited 1200-800 BC. This also applies to the Hallstatt period ( 800-400 BC), come from the grave a few hills in the upper Autmuttal.

In the 11th century coal mine belonged to the territory of the Counts of Achalm. The counts Luitold and Kuno Achalm gave away in 1098 with the Treaty Bempflinger large estates to the monastery Zwiesel. The Zwiefaltener Abbot Ulrich von Hürzbühl had built a dwelling ( domicilium ) for lay brothers, who established vineyards and cultivated in 1102 in Kohlberg. Since the end of the 11th century the monastery had Zwiesel next to the domicilium other property in the village of Kohlberg. Two gallant vassals of the Count of Achalm, Eberhard von Urach and Luitold, gave the monastery three Huben and the free-born Gisela of Hiltensweiler gave him two Huben with the adjacent woodlot Berinbolt.

In the following years there were around Kohlberger Good considerable disputes. This took in the 15th century, almost martial forms, as the Emperor Frederick III government. Vice Chancellor Ulrich Welzli, a native Göppinger, the courtyard as an hereditary fief granted. This would make it 1461 almost to a battle between the Counts of Württemberg and - come the Count Palatine Friedrich - on behalf of the Emperor. The totally unexpected death Ulrich Welzlis made a peaceful solution possible. Based on a comparison of the monastery with the brother and heir Welzlis the Rottweiler Hofgericht the Zwiefaltenern said the carbon Hof in 1465 again, which make for 1,000 florins to Welzli and had to leave him for life a year to get 100 florins. In 1467 Frederick III declared. , That the Kohlberger courtyard of the monastery "own " and no " feud " was and put it in its old rights again.

In 1520 the monastery Zwiesel tenant-farmers left in Neuhausen at Erin's, the former commodity. Also in 1520, Kohlberg was an independent parish, after it had previously been filial community of Neuffen.

The Pfründgefälle ( delivery rights ), who had nobles and parishes in Kohlberg, came after the Reformation, the monastery of the Zwiesel 1750 Württemberg. The community had in the 16th century not own judgment, but was then and probably from time immemorial in the City Court Neuffen.

The economic life of the inhabitants turned to the middle of the 20th century, mainly to agriculture. The still goes back to the monastery Zwiesel orchard and vineyard has survived to this day. Linen weaving was confirmed to be in place since the 17th century.

In the 17th century, the Emperor again showed interest in Kohlberg: In the Thirty Years' War the Württemberg were defeated at the Battle of Nördlingen in 1634. Then the emperor took all the former county Achalm, including Kohlberg was, in itself and handed over the possession to the Archduchess Claudia front of Austria. In the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, Kohlberg returned to the custody of Württemberg.

In the period of the Second World War the town was air raids and the like almost completely spared. From 23 April 1945, the community was busy. The border between the American and French occupation zone went right through the community. This was corrected later and the dividing line was then identical to the mountian border to Metzingen. The community was henceforth under American occupation.

In Württemberg Kohlberg belonged first to the upper office Neuffen. In 1806 it came to the chief official Nürtingen and 1938 the district Nürtingen. With the district reform in 1973, the site was included in the district of Esslingen.

Population Development

Policy

Parish council

The local council in Kohlberg has 12 members. The turnout at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009 was 59.01 %, and resulted in the following distribution of seats:

The council consists of the elected honorary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the local council.

Coat of arms

Blazon: In a divided shield above in blue two silver (white ) lilies side by side, down in silver ( white), a blue Rebzweig with blue grape and two blue leaves.

The recognizable in the office of mayor for the first time in 1820 Rebzweig seal is an indication of the operated for centuries viticulture in Kohlberg. The two lilies are taken from the coat of arms of Conrad Achalm that temporarily exercised the Reichsvogtei over the Kohlberghof. The municipality flag has the colors white-blue ( silver - blue). The coat of arms was granted in 1952 by the state government, the flag in 1973 by the Ministry of Interior.

Culture and sights

Kohlberg is due to the Württemberg wine road with many tourist attractions.
Regularly scheduled village festivals are the Cherry Festival and the Kohlberger wine festival.

Structures

Winepress, built in 1579

Natural Monuments

The Jusi is 673 m high. From there, the hiker has a unique panoramic view of Swabia. From the Hohenzollern to the Kaiser mountains in the view extends far beyond the Neckar valley, the Swabian Forest and Filderstadt to the Black Forest.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the town

Christian Nathanael of Osiander (1781-1855), theologian, General Superintendent of Ulm, Member of Parliament
August Holder (1850-1918), literary historian and local historian
Philipp Jakob Manz (1861-1936), architect industry

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