List of state leaders in 1686

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Africa

• Ethiopia Kaiser ( Negus Nagast ): Iyasu I ( 1682-1706 )

• Bamum ( in present-day Cameroon) King: Kouotou (1672-1757)

• Bornu ( in present-day Niger) Sefuwa Dynasty King / May: Idris IV (1677-1696)

• Burundi King: Ntare III. Rushatsi ( about 1680 - about 1709)

• Dahomey King: Houessou Aqaba (1685-1708)

• Jolof ( in present-day Senegal) Buur -ba Jolof: Bakar Penda (1670-1711)

• Kano King: Dadi (1670-1703)

• Morocco ( Alawites ) Sultan Moulay Ismail (1672-1727)

• Munhumutapa Empire Ruler: Kamharapasu Mukombwe (1663-1692)

• Rwanda King: Mibambwe II (1672-1696)

• Sultanate of Sennar ( in modern Sudan ) Sultan: Unsa II (1681-1692)

America

• New France Governor-General Jacques -René de Brisay, (1685-1689)

• Rupert's land Governor: John Churchill, 1st Earl of Marlborough ( 1685-1692 )

• Brazil Governor General António Luís de Sousa de Meneses Telo (1684-1687)

• Viceroyalty of New Spain Viceroy: Tomás Antonio de la Cerda y Aragón (1680-1686)
• Viceroy: Melchor Portocarrero Lasso de la Vega (1686-1688) (1689-1705 Viceroy of Peru)

• Viceroyalty of Peru Viceroy: Melchor de Navarra y Rocafull (1681-1689)

Asia

• Burma Arakan King: Wara Dhamma (1685-1692)

• King: Minrekyawdin (1673-1698)

• Brunei Sultan Muhyiddin (1673-1690)

• China ( Qing Dynasty ) Emperor Kang Hi (1662-1722)

• Georgia Imereti King Alexander IV (1683-1690, 1691-1695)

• King Giorgi XI. (1675-1688, 1703-1709)

• Prince Levan Dadiani IV (1681-1691)

• India Ahom (now in Assam ) King: Supaatphaa (1681-1696)

• Bijapur (1686 by the Mughal Empire conquered ) Sultan Sikandar Adil Shah (1672-1686)

• Sultan Abul Hasan Qutb Shah (1672-1687)

• Nayak: Ranga Krishna Muthu Virappa Nayak (1682-1689)

• Mughal emperor: Aurangzeb (1658-1707)

• Maharaja: Chikka Devaraja (1673-1704)

• Viceroy Francisco de Távora (1681-1686)
• Governor Rodrigo da Costa (1686-1690) (1702-1705 Governor General of Brazil, 1707-1712 Viceroy of Portuguese India )

• Indonesia Aceh Sultan: Ratu Inayat Zaqiatuddin Syah (1678-1688)

• Sultan Mahmud Shah II (1685-1699)

• Governor General: John Camphuys (1684-1691)

• Japan Emperor ( Tenno ): round ( 1663-1687 )
• Shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1680-1709)

• Cambodia King: Chettha IV (1675-1695, 1701-1702, 1703-1706)

• Kazakh Khanate Khan: Tawke Khan (1680-1715)

• Korea ( Joseon Dynasty ) King Sukjong (1674-1720)

• Lan Xang (now Laos) King: Sulingvongse (1638-1690)

• Nepal Bhaktapur King: Jitamitra Malla (1673-1696)

• King: Parthivendra Malla (1680-1687)

• King: Yoga Narendra Malla (1685-1705)

• Persia ( Safavid dynasty ) Shah Safi II (1666-1694)

• Philippines Maguindanao Sultan: Barahaman (1678-1699)

• Sri Lanka Kandy King Rajasinha II (1629-1687)

• Governor: Laurens Pijl (1679-1692)

• Thailand ( Ayutthaya ) King Narai (1656-1688)

• Vietnam Lê Dynasty King: Lê Gia Tông (1675-1705)

• Ruler: Nguyễn Phúc Tan (1648-1687)

• Ruler: Trinh Con (1682-1709)

Europe

• Andorra Co - Prince: King of France Louis XIV (1643-1715)
• Bishop of Urgell Joan Desbach Martorell (1682-1688)

• Denmark and Norway King Christian V (1670-1699)

• England, Ireland and Scotland King: James II (1685-1689)

• France King Louis XIV (1643-1715)

• Genoa Governor and Doge Pietro Durazzo (1685-1687)

• Holy Roman Empire King and Emperor Leopold I. (1658-1705) (1657-1705 King of Bohemia, 1657-1705 Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary 1657-1705 )
• Electoral College Archbishopric of Cologne Elector Maximilian Henry of Bavaria (1650-1688) (1650-1688 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1650-1688 Bishop of Liege, 1683-1688 Bishop of Münster, 1650-1688 Provost of Berchtesgaden, in 1657 Abbot of Stavelot - Malmedy)

• Elector: Anselm Franz von Ingelheim (1679-1695)

• Elector Johann Hugo von Orsbeck (1676-1711) (1675-1711 Bishop of Speyer )

• Elector Maximilian II Emanuel (1679-1726) (1692-1706 governor of the Spanish Netherlands )

• Elector: Leopold I (1657-1705) (1658-1705 Emperor, 1657-1705 Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary 1657-1705 )

• Elector Friedrich Wilhelm (1640-1688) (1640-1688 duke of Prussia)

• Elector Philipp Wilhelm (1685-1690) (1653-1679 Duke of Jülich and Berg, 1653-1690 Duke of Palatinate -Neuburg )

• Elector Johann Georg III. (1680-1691)

• Bishopric of Augsburg Bishop Johann Christoph von Freyberg (1665-1690) (1660-1674 provost of Ellwangen )

• Bishop Marquard Sebastian Schenk von Stauffenberg (1683-1693)

• Bishop Johann Konrad I of Rye Brook (1656-1693)

• Propst: Maximilian Henry of Bavaria (1650-1688) (1650-1688 Archbishop of Cologne, 1650-1688 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1650-1688 Bishop of Liege, 1683-1688 Bishop of Munster, in 1657 Abbot of Stavelot - Malmedy)

• Bishop Johann Franz Khuen of Belasi (1685-1702)

• Archbishop Jacques -Théodore de Beriah (1675-1694)

• Bishop: Ulrich VI. de Mont (1661-1692)

• Abt: Christoph von Bellingshausen (1678-1696)

• Grand Master: Anton Ludwig of the Palatinate (1684-1694) (1691-1694 Bishop of Worms, 1689-1694 provost of Ellwangen )

• Bishop Johann Euchar Schenk von Castell (1685-1697)

• Propst: Johann Christoph Adelmann IV of Adelmannsfelden (1674-1687)

• Bishop Joseph Clemens of Bavaria (1685-1694) (1688-1723 Archbishop of Cologne, 1702-1723 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1694-1723 Bishop of Liege, 1685-1716 Bishop of Regensburg, 1688-1723 Provost of Berchtesgaden )

• Abt: Placidus von Droste (1678-1700)

• Bishop Maximilian Henry of Bavaria (1650-1688) (1650-1688 Archbishop of Cologne, 1650-1688 Bishop of Liege, 1683-1688 Bishop of Münster, 1650-1688 Provost of Berchtesgaden, in 1657 Abbot of Stavelot - Malmedy)

• Abbot Rupert of Bodman (1678-1728)

• Bishop Franz Johann Vogt of Altensumerau and Prasberg (1645-1689)

• Administrator: August Friedrich of Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp (1666-1705)

• Bishop Maximilian Henry of Bavaria (1650-1688) (1650-1688 Archbishop of Cologne, 1650-1688 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1683-1688 Bishop of Münster, 1650-1688 Provost of Berchtesgaden, in 1657 Abbot of Stavelot - Malmedy)

• Bishop Maximilian Henry of Bavaria (1673-1688) (1650-1688 Archbishop of Cologne, 1650-1688 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1650-1688 Bishop of Liege, 1650-1688 Provost of Berchtesgaden, in 1657 Abbot of Stavelot - Malmedy)

• Bishop: Ernst August of Brunswick- Lüneburg (1662-1698) (1692-1698 Elector of Brunswick- Lüneburg, 1669-1698 Duke of Braunschweig -Calenberg )

• Bishop Hermann Werner von Wolff -Metternich to the canal (1683-1704)

• Bishop Sebastian of Pötting (1673-1689)

• Bishop Joseph Clemens of Bavaria (1685-1716) (1688-1723 Archbishop of Cologne, 1685-1694 Bishop of Freising, 1702-1723 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1694-1723 Bishop of Liege, 1688-1723 Provost of Berchtesgaden )

• Archbishop Max Gandolf von Kuenburg (1668-1687)

• Bishop Johann Hugo von Orsbeck (1675-1711) (1676-1711 Archbishop of Trier)

• Abt: William Egon of Fürstenberg (1682-1704) (1682-1704 Bishop of Strasbourg)

• Bishop: William Egon of Fürstenberg (1682-1704) (1682-1704 Abbot of Stavelot and Malmedy)

• Bishop Francesco Alberti di Poja (1677-1689)

• Bishop Johann Karl of Franckenstein (1683-1691)

• Bishop Johann Gottfried von Guttenberg (1684-1698)

• Principality of Anhalt Anhalt- Bernburg Prince: Victor Amadeus I. (1656-1718)

• Prince Johann Georg II (1660-1693)

• Prince Emanuel Lebrecht (1661-1704) ( to 1692 under guardianship )
• Regent Anna Eleonore of Stolberg- Wernigerode (1670-1690)

• Prince Karl Wilhelm (1667-1718) (1667-1674 under guardianship )

• Duke Philipp Franz Karl (1681-1691)

• Baden -Baden Margrave Wilhelm (1622-1677)

• Margrave Frederick VII Magnus (1677-1709)

• Margrave: Johann Friedrich (1667-1686)
• Margrave: Christian Albrecht (1686-1692)

• Margrave Christian Ernst (1655-1712)

• Calenberg -Göttingen Duke Ernst August (1679-1692) (1692-1698 Elector of Brunswick- Lüneburg, 1661-1698 Bishop of Osnabrück)

• Duke: Georg Wilhelm (1665-1705) (1648-1665 Duke of Braunschweig- Calenberg- Göttingen)

• Duke Rudolf August (1666-1704)

• Landgraf Ernst Ludwig (1678-1739)

• Landgraf: Karl (1670-1730) ( to 1675 under guardianship )

• Prince Friedrich Wilhelm (1671-1735)

• Prince Maximilian (1681-1689)

• Duke Johann Wilhelm II (1679-1716) (1690-1716 Elector of the Palatinate, 1690-1716 Duke of Palatinate -Neuburg )

• Duke Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus (1650-1705)

• Prince Hans Adam I. (1684-1712)

• Mecklenburg- Güstrow Duke Gustav Adolf (1636-1695) (1636-1648 Administrator of Ratzeburg )

• Duke Christian Ludwig I (1658-1692)

• Ottonian line Nassau -Diez Prince: Henry Casimir II (1664-1696) (1664-1696 governor of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe)

• Prince Heinrich (1662-1701)

• Prince Franz Alexander (1679-1711)

• Prince Johann Franz Desideratus (1638-1699) ( before 1652 Count )

• Prince Wilhelm Moritz (1679-1691)

• Archduke Leopold V. (1657-1705) (1658-1705 Emperor 1657-1705 King of Bohemia, King of Hungary 1657-1705 )

• Prince: Christian Eberhard (1665-1708) ( to 1690 under guardianship )
• Regent: Christine Charlotte of Württemberg (1665-1690)

• Duke Philipp Wilhelm (1653-1690) (1685-1690 Elector of the Palatinate, 1653-1679 Duke of Jülich and Berg )

• Duke: Christian August (1656-1708)

• Duke Leopold Ludwig (1634-1694)

• Duke: Charles I (1681-1697) (1660-1697 King of Sweden )

• Saxe-Altenburg Duke Friedrich Wilhelm III. (1669-1672)

• Duke: Frederick I (1675-1691)

• Duke Johann Ernst III. (1683-1707)

• Duke Julius Franz (1666-1689)

• Duke Christian Albrecht (1659-1695) (1655-1666 Administrator of Lübeck)

• Duke Ernst Günther (1627-1689)

• Duke: August (1675-1689)

• Duke: Christian Adolf I ( 1653-1667/1702 ) ( 1667 Sonderburg loses to Denmark, 1676-1702 Duke of Schleswig -Holstein -Sonderburg -Franz Hagen)

• Duke: Christian (1663-1698)

• Duke Johann Adolf (1671-1704)
• Schleswig -Holstein -Sonderburg- Plön - Norburg Duke: August (1671-1699)

• Duke Joachim Ernst II (1671-1700)

• Duke Philipp Ludwig (1627-1689)

• Duke Eberhard Ludwig (1677-1733) (1677-1693 under guardianship )
• Ruler: Friedrich Karl von Württemberg- Winnental (1677-1693)
• Regent: Magdalena Sibylla of Hesse- Darmstadt (1677-1693)

• Hanau Hanau -Lichtenberg Count Johann Reinhard III. (1685-1736) (1712-1736 Count of Hanau- Miinzenberg )

• Count Philipp Reinhard (1685-1712)

• Lippe- Biesterfeld Count Rudolf Ferdinand (1678-1736)

• Count: Kasimir (1657-1692)

• Graf: Simon Heinrich (1665-1697)

• Walramische line Nassau- Idstein Graf: George Augustus (1677-1721) ( from 1688 onwards prince)

• Count Johann Ludwig (1659-1690) (1640-1659 Count of Nassau -Saarbrücken )

• Count Ludwig force (1677-1713)

• Graf: Walrad (1659-1702) ( from 1688 onwards Prince, 1640-1659, Count of Nassau -Saarbrücken )

• Graf Johann Ernst (1675-1719) ( from 1688 onwards prince)

• Count: Georg Philipp (1684-1702)

• Reuss elder line Reuss- Burgk Graf: Henry II (1668-1697) (166-1668 Mr. Reuss - Untergreiz until 1673 Mr. )

• Count Heinrich VI. (1681-1697)
• Count Heinrich XV. (1681-1690)
• Count Heinrich XVI. (1681-1694) (1694-1698 Count of Reuss- Doelau)

• Graf: Henry V (1668-1698) (1667-1668 Lord of Reuss - Untergreiz until 1673 Mr. )

• Graf: Heinrich XIII. (1675-1733)

• Reuss- Ebersdorf Count Heinrich X. (1678-1711) (1671-1673 Mr. Reuss - Lobenstein, 1673-1678 Count of Reuss- Lobenstein )

• Graf: Henry IV (1670-1686) ( until 1673 Mr. )
• Count Heinrich XVIII. (1686-1735)

• Graf: Henry VIII (1678-1711) (1671-1673 Lord of Reuss - Lobenstein, 1673-1678 Count of Reuss- Lobenstein )

• Count Heinrich III. (1671-1710) ( until 1673 Mr. )

• Earl: Henry I (1666-1692) (1640-1647 Lord of Reuss -Gera, 1647-1666 Lord of Reuss - room castle, 1666-1673 Count of Reuss- Schleiz )

• Graf: Christian Friedrich (1681-1728)

• Count Anton Günther II (1681-1719) ( 1697 Prince, 1666-1681, Count of Schwarzburg- Sondershausen )

• Count Albert Anton (1646-1710)

• Graf: Christian Wilhelm (1666-1720) ( 1697 Prince ) (in special Hausen )

• Count Heinrich Wolrad (1645-1664)

• Graf: Christian Ludwig (1645-1706)

• Church State Pope Innocent XI. (1676-1689)

• Mantua Duke Carlo IV Gonzaga (1665-1708)

• Monaco Prince Louis I. (1662-1701)

• Ottoman Empire Sultan Mehmed IV (1648-1687)

• Parma Duke: Ranuccio II Farnese (1646-1694)

• Poland King Johann III. Sobieski (1674-1696)

• Portugal King Peter II of the Peaceable (1683-1706)

• Prussia Duke Friedrich Wilhelm (1640-1688)

• Russia Tsar Peter I (1682-1725)

• Savoy Duke Vittorio Amadeo II (1675-1732)

• Sweden King Karl XI. (1660-1697) Firm President: Bengt Oxenstierna (1680-1702)

• Transylvania Prince Michael I. Apafi (1661-1690)

• Spain King: Charles II (1665-1700)

• Tuscany Grand Duke Cosimo III. (1670-1723)

• Hungary King Leopold I. (1657-1705)

• Venice Doge Marcantonio Giustinian (1684-1688)