Saint-Martin-de-Fressengeas
Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas ( okz. Sent Martin de Fraissenjas ) is a commune with 376 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2011) in the Dordogne in the Aquitaine region. It is one of ten municipalities in the canton Thiviers. The residents " Saint- Martinais " call themselves.
Etymology
Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas, Occitan Sent Martin de Fraissenjas, derives from Saint Martin ( Sanctus Martinus ). The Occitan additional Fraissenjas goes back to the Latin fraxinus and referred to a passing place of ash trees.
Geography
Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas is located seven kilometers north-west of Thiviers and nine kilometers southeast of Saint- Pardoux- la -Rivière away (air line). The community is surrounded by the following neighboring communities:
- Saint- Saud- Lacoussière in the North
- Saint- Jory- de -Chalais in the Northeast
- Saint- Romain -et -Saint -Clément in the southeast
- Saint -Jean -de- Côle in the south
- Villars in the southwest and
- Milhac -de- Nontron in the northwest.
The community is adjacent to the center of the following hamlets, farms and a mill:
Bournazeau, Boussenat, Font Grolier, Javaneau, La Baine, La benche, Bregere La, La Côte, La Croix, La Croix du Patureau, La Faurie, La Jarrige, La Molle, La Rebière, La Simpode, La Tuillière, location, Le Bourg -Vieux, Le But, La Grand Clos, Le Hangar, Le Moulin de la Rebière, Le Peyrat, Le Suquet, Le Vignaud, Les Beyssières, Les Cosses, Les Fraux, Les Merles, Les Prades, Lespinasse, Limbeau, Maison Neuve, Manzat, Mauchat, Menaud, Meynard, Pauthier and Peyrouse.
The municipality is crossed from north to south of the queue d' Ane, a right tributary of the Côle. It receives on the southern border as small right-hand tributary of the Ruisseau de la benche which tapers her from the northwest. The Queue d' Ane has also further north are two other, unnamed right side streams which drain to the east and culminate at Le Suquet and Meynard. The very narrow valley of the queue d' Ane has cut up to 70 meters deep and is at times a slight meander (wavelength around 300 meters).
The topopgraphisch lowest point at 148 meters above sea level at the confluence of the queue d' Ane with the Ruisseau de la benche, the highest point at 302 meters is located on the northwest corner near Les Merles. The absolute difference in altitude is 154 meters.
The community is border community of the Regional Natural Park Perigord Limousin.
Geology
The municipality of Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas has a very varied geology. A large part of the municipality lies on the metamorphic basement rocks of the north-western Massif Central. As structurally lowest- unit mica mica slate Parautochthonen the unit are open. You stand at at La Côte and on the western border with location in the north of the town center. In it penetrated the Pennsylvanian of Saint -Mathieu- leucogranite, which occurs here in its Saint- Saud- facies. It underlies the northern outskirts of the village in Les Merles. As tectonic next unit follow rocks of the Lower Gneiss ceiling, starting with alternating eyes gneisses, orthogneisses and Leptyniten the Dronne arc - former subalkalischen Leukograniten and their arkoses. These rocks can be seen along the right side of the valley of the queue d' Ane between Peyrouse and La Faurie. In the typical plagioclase -bearing paragneiss, ribbon-like pass over from Vauriac from ( municipality of Saint -Jory -de -Chalais ) to the right side of the valley of the queue d' Ane and can then follow up shortly before Les Fraux. In the valley below the Le Suquet Leptynite of Suquet Massif are at; is here to former acidic volcanic rocks, which are crossed by dolerites ( amphibolites are now as before ). About the paragneisses with the switched metavolcanics Leptynite follow the arc of Saint- Yrieix that have emerged from the Ordovician granites, as well as re- mica schist. The southern section of the Queue d' Ane accompany very rare peridotites ( serpentinites ), originated from the mantle rock harzburgite (so-called Rebière massif ).
About the metamorphic transgredierten flat-lying sediments of the northern Aquitaine basin ( Lias and Dogger ). The upcoming film association usually ranges from Hettangian to Aalenian up ( in the West until the Unterbathon ) to see both sides below the ridge on which the village was built. This generally south-southeast aligned ridge is above the Jurassic sediments of Tertiary gravels and Pleistocene colluvium derived therefrom covered.
The southern part of the municipality is crossed by the generally south- trending border fault of the Massif Central, which has been split here into two branches with several smaller side branches. The vertical offset appears to be relatively insignificant, but it is important that has occurred silicification of the surrounding rock units, particularly in the Jura, and occasionally even the metamorphic rocks. Doggersedimente further west were partially recrystallized. Also the layer bandage was adjusted locally, so for example, show the tertiary gravel a dip of 40 ° to the southwest. Furthermore, the fault zone is accompanied by the so-called Sidérolithique - red, ferruginous, sandy mudstones with possible eozänem Age ( La Baine in the West).
In the municipality ( manganese (II ) oxide ) was mined in the Nineteenth Century manganese, in under cover of tertiary educated Liaskarsttaschen at Les Prades and gravels at Le Hangar.
History
In the first cave discovered in 1990 by Fraux prehistoric petroglyphs and cave paintings have been discovered. Shown are a male and a horse. The engravings are geometric and symbolic characters. There were also found Bronze Age remains, which should date back before Christ in the period 1400-900. Among around a thousand vases residues ( 50 are complete) and a Schmuckgehänge of bronze. The Romanesque village church dates from the twelfth century. In the hamlets Peyrouse and Vielle Peace Museum ( municipality of Saint -Saud- Lacoussière ) was once a Cistercian monastery, of which only the associated mill is however obtained at Peyrouse. For the construction of the portico ( XVII century ) on the local church were used from the monastery derived columns. Building blocks of the monastery were also used to mount the source Fontaine aux engelures.
Demographics
Source: INSEE
The population figures in Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas are generally declining since 1962 under light Fluhktuationen. The loss of population was slightly more than in the rest of the canton Thiviers. The community is relatively sparsely populated and is far below the average in the canton.
Attractions
- The cave of Les Fraux, prehistoric and Bronze Age, now a monument historique.
- The church of Saint -Martin in the 12th century, rebuilt in the 19th century, with a portico of the 17th century.
- The Château de Saint -Martin castle dating from the Nineteenth Century.
- The manor Manoir du Merle.
Management
Mayor of Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas since 1995, the non-party craftsman Jean -Robert Fargeot.
Infrastructure
Transport links
In the southeast of the municipality of Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas the D runs 707 of Nontron after Thiviers. From their branches at Le Hangar a municipal road east to the town center from out. Due to the northern part of the municipality of Saint- Jory- de -Chalais crosses from the Northeast coming D 98; it sends a branch in La Croix south to the town center and is then incident on the western border to the D 707 The center can also be reached from Saint -Jean -de- Côle from a leading northward municipal road. In the Valley of Queue d' Ane run no roads. About her right side slopes attracts a municipal road that branches off at Menaud from the D 98 and continues up to Saint -Jean -de- Côle. Behind La Rebière performs a local road into Côletal and on to Saint- Romain; also here is a branch serving the hamlet on the left side of the valley of the queue d' Ane.
The west of the municipality is crossed once the railway line from Saint- Pardoux- la -Rivière after Thiviers, Part of the connection Angoulême - Brive.
Distance footpath
The municipality of Saint -Martin -de- Fressengeas lies on the route of the GR 654 of Saint- Saud- Lacoussière to Saint -Jean -de- Côle.