Amoraim

Amora ( Aramaic Singular: אמורא, Amora, plural אמוראים, Amora'im, " the speaker " or " about something filer " ) were Jewish scholars who over the oral law ( oral Torah ) "entertain" or tell about it " have ", from about 200 to 500 AD in Babylonia and Palestine. Their discussions were codified in the Gemara. The amoraim followed the Tannaim in the series of Jewish scholars.

The period of amoraim

The first Babylonian amoraim were Abba Arikha, with the honorary title of Rav, and his contemporary and discussion partner of Samuel Nehardea. Among the first amoraim in Israel were Rabbi Yochanan bar Nappaha and Simeon ben Lakish. Traditionally, the period of amoraim, also depending on where you start and stop, divided into six to eight generations. As the last of the amoraim you count usually Rabina I. and Rab Ashi and Rabina II, the nephew of Rabina I., which - according to the traditional view - the Babylonian Talmud codified around 500 AD.

In the Talmud itself, the singular amora refers to an agent of the teaching rabbi: Rabbi formulated his remarks short for itself, and the amora repeated what has been said for the public by it also translated if necessary and necessary explanations added,.

Known amoraim

The following list is a summary of the most famous amoraim. The Talmud calls about 3000 of these Babylonian or Palestinian teachers of the law. In general, the historical identification * and assignment problems large, legends and historicity are often inseparable (example: Rab Kahana, in Palest Talmud always untitled Kahana, 2nd generation Amora - about 250-290 - in Palestine, students Rabs. came from Babylonia to Palestine, where he belonged to the circle of Johanan and Simeon b. Lakish, no less than six different Babylonian amora were called R. Kahana, three of them came to Palestine ).

The first generation (about 220-250 AD )

Abba Arikha (d. 247 ) was the last of the Tannaim and the first of amoraim. He was a student of Judah ha - Nasi and moved from Palestine to Babylonia (219). He was the founder and dean of the Academy in Sura.
Abba bar Abba, in Babylonia
Rab Assi, in Babylonia
Bar Pedaja ( Yehuda bar Pedaja )
Chama bar Bisa, Palestine
Chanina bar Chama, in Palestine
Chizkijja ben Hiyya
R. Efes from Südjudäa
Hoshayah, Palestine
Rabbi Yannai in Palestine
Yehoshua ben Levi ( early 3rd century), headed the school of Lydda
Jude II ( early 3rd century), disciple and grandson of Judah ha - Nasi, and son and successor of Gamaliel III. as nasi. Sometimes called Rabbi Judah Nesi'ah, and rarely rabbi like his grandfather.
Jehuda ben Hiyya
Jonathan ben Eleazar came from Babylon to Palestine
Yose ben Zimra, in Palestine
Qarna
Rabba bar Chana
Mar Samuel (d. probably 254), school principal in Nehardea
Shelah, in Babylonia
R. Simeon ben Jehotsadaq, Palestine
Mar Uqba ( s) in Babylonia
R. Zabdai ben Levi, in Palestine

The second generation (about 250-290 AD )

Abba bar Zabdai (or Zabda ), Palestine
Abimi in Pumbedita
Rab Adda bar Ahaba, (3rd / 4th century), a pupil of Rab
R. Alexander ( Alexandrai )
Rav Bruna, Beruna or Berona, in Babylonia
Chama bar Chanina, Palestine
Hanina (2nd generation), in Palestine, father of Acha b. Hanina
Charifin in Pumbedita
R. Hiyya bar Joseph, in Palestine
Chilfa, Palestine
Efa, in Pumbedita
Rab Geniba, in Sura, executed by the Persians
Giddel, in Babylonia
Rab Huna, a pupil of Rab and Samuel Mar. Dean of the Academy of Sura
Isaac ben Eleazar in Palestine
Rab Yehudah bar Jechezqel (d. 299 ), disciple of Rab and Samuel Mar. Dean of the Academy of Pumbedita
Rab Jeremiah bar Abba ( palästinisch Jeremiah bar Wa), in Babylonia, older students Rabs
Yochanan bar Nappaha (d. probably 279), among other things, student of Rabbi Yannai. Dean of the school of Tiberias author of the Palestinian Talmud
Jonathan R. from Beth Gubrin ( Eleutheropolis ), Palestine
R. Joschijja in Chutsal
R. Jose ben Hanina, Palestine
Rab Kahana (2nd generation)
Mani I. ( = mana bar Tanhum )
Rab Mattena, in Babylonia, students Samuels
R. Meascha, Palestine
Rab Qattina, in Sura
Rabbah bar Abuha, in Babylonia, father of Rab Nachman
Ruben, in Palestine
Resh Laqisch ( Rabbi Simeon ben Laqisch ) (died late 3rd century ), disciple of Rabbi Yannai and colleague of Johanan bar Nappaha
Simlai, Palestine
R. Tanhum ben Chanilai, Palestine
Mar Uqba ( n ) II, Exilarch

The third generation (about 290-320 AD )

Abba II, Babylonians
R. Abba of Acre
R. Abba bar Kahana, in Palestine
R. Abba bar Memel, in Palestine
Rabbi Abbahu (d. early 4th century ), a pupil of Johanan bar Nappaha. Dean of the School / Yeshiva in Caesarea.
R. Acha b. Hanina, Palestine
Rab Ammi Ben Natan, in Palestine
Immigrated Rab Assi, from Babylonia to Palestine
R. Bebai, in Babylonia
R. Bebai, Palestine
R. Benjamin ben Levi, in Palestine
Hananiah, Palestine
Hanina ben Pappai (Palestine)
Chiya bar Abba II, in Palestine
Rab Hisda (d. 309), disciple of Rab Huna. Dean of the Academy of Sura.
Dimi of Haifa
Eleazar ben Pedat, Palestine
Hamnuna Sabba, in Babylonia
Hela, in Palestine
Hoshayah ( = Hoshayah II )
Huna bar Hiyya, in Babylonia
R. Isaac II ( = Isaac Nappaha ), Palestine
Rab Isaac bar Abdimi ( Eudemus ), in Babylonia
R. Isaac bar Nachman, in Palestine
Jacob bar Idi, in Palestine
R. Yannai ( Jannaj ), Palestine
R. Joschijja, Palestine
Rab Joseph (d. 333), disciple of Rab Huna and Rab Judah. Dean of the Academy of Pumbedita.
Judah III. (d. early 4th century ), a pupil of Johanan bar Nappaha. Son and successor of Gamaliel IV as nasi, and grandson of Judah II
R. Yudan bar Ishmael in Palestine
Levi, in Palestine
Rab Nachman bar Hisda, in Babylonia
Rab Nahman bar Jacob (d. 320), disciple of Samuel. Although no Initiated own school / yeshiva, but was a frequent participant in the discussions of the schools / Jeschivot in Sura and Mahuza.
Rabba bar bar Chana, in Babylonia
Rabbah bar Rab Huna, thirteen years after the death Chisdas most important teacher in Sura
Rabbah ( Rabba bar Nachmani ), died in 330, a pupil of Rab Huna and Rab Judah. Dean of the Academy of Pumbedita.
Rab Rachba of Pumbedita
Rami ( R. Ammi ) bar Abba, in Babylonia
Rabbi Samuel bar Isaac, in Palestine
Rabbi Samuel bar Nachman, in Palestine
Rab Scheschet ( Babylonia )
Simon ben Pazzi
Tanhum bar Hiyya, in Palestine
Ulla bar Ishmael, in Babylonia
Rab Zera I. (Palestine)
R. Zeriqa ( s) in Palestine

The fourth generation (about 320-350 AD )

Abaye (d. 339 ), disciple of Rabbah, Rab Joseph and Rab Nahman bar Jacob. Dean of the School / Yeshiva in Pumbedita
R. Abba bar Ulla ( Ulla Rabba )
R Abin I ( also Abun or bun, abbreviated Rabin ), Palestine
Acha from Lydda, Palestine
R. Acha bar Jacob, in Pafunja
R. Adda bar Ahaba II, in Babylon
R. Ahaba ( Achawa ) ben Zera
R. Aibo, in Palestine
R. Chaggai, Palestine
R. Chanin ( Chanan ) from Sepphoris
R. Hanina b. Abbahu, Palestine
R. Hanina b. Acha, in Palestine
R. Hanina b. Isaac, in Palestine
R. Hasdai, Palestine
Chelbo, in Babylonia and Palestine
Hillel II (around 360). Author of the still valid today, the Jewish calendar. Son and successor as Nasi of Judah III. , Grandson of Gamaliel IV
R. Huna b. Abin, Palestine
Rab Idi bar Abin I., students Chisdas to 350, in Naresch, later in Schekhantsib
R. Yehoshua ben Nechemja, Palestine
R. Yehudah bar Simon (ben Pazzi ), Palestine
R. Jeremiah
R. Joseph bar Chama, in Machoza
R. Yudan, Palestine
Rab Nahman bar Isaac (d. 356), disciple of Abaye and Raba. Dean of the Academy / Yeshiva of Pumbedita.
Raba ( Raba ben Josef ben Chama ), died in 352, students of Rabbah, Rab Joseph and Rab Nahman bar Jacob. Dean of the School / Yeshiva of Mahuza
Rabba bar Shila in Babylonia
Rabbah bar Mari
Rafram ben Papa, in Babylonia
Rami bar Chama, in Babylonia, son and pupil Chisdas, died around 350

The fifth generation (about 350-375 AD )

R. Abin II, in Palestine
R. Azariah, in Palestine
R. Bebaj bar Abaye, in Babylonia
Barachiah, Palestine
Chama from Nehardea, in Babylonia
R. Hananiah II ( Hanina ), Palestine
R. Chizqijja, Palestine
Dimi of Nehardea, in Babylonia
Huna bar Yehoshua, in Babylonia
R. Judah ben Shalom ( Yudan ), Palestine
Jonah, in Palestine
R. Jonah Botsra, Palestine
R. Jose bar Abin ( Abun )
R. Jose bar Zabda II, in Palestine
Mani II, in Palestine
R. Nachman, in Palestine
Rab Papa (d. 375 ), disciple of Abaye and Raba. Dean of the Academy / Yeshiva of Naresch (near Sura ).
R. Papi, in Babylonia
R. Pinchas (bar Chama )
Samuel b. R. Jose Ber. Bun in Palestine
Tanchuma bar Abba, Palestine
Ulla II, in Palestine
Zera II, in Palestine
Rab Zerbid (of Nehardea ), in Babylonia

The sixth generation (about 375-425 AD )

Rab Acha bar Raba in Babylonia
Amemar II, in Babylon
Rav Ashi (d. 427 ), disciple of Abaye, and Raba Rab Kahana. Dean of the School / Yeshiva in Mata Mehasia ( = Sura ). One of the most important Erstredaktoren of the Babylonian Talmud.
Huna bar Nathan, in Babylonia
Rab Kahana, in Babylonia
Mar bar Rabina, in Babylonia
Mar Sutra ( 6th generation), in Babylonia
Rabina I., in Babylonia

The seventh generation (about 425-460 AD )

Rab Gebiha of Be Qatil, school principal in Pumbedita
R. Idi bar Abin II, in Babylon
R. Jemar, in Babylonia
Mar bar Rab Ashi ( = Tabjomi ), in Babylonia
Rab Rafram II, head of the school in Pumbedita
Rab Richumai ( Nichumai ), school principal in Pumbedita
Rab sama, school principal in Pumbedita
Rabba Tosfaa, in Babylonia

The eighth generation (about 460-500 AD )

Rabina II ( d. 500), disciple of Rabina I. and Aschis. Dean of the yeshiva / school at Sura. He graduated from the editors of the Babylonian Talmud.
Rab Nachman bar Rab Huna, school principal in Sura
Rab Jose, in Babylonia

Uncertain or controversial assignment

R. Hiyya ben Gamda

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