Kaiserslautern (district)
The district of Kaiserslautern is a district in the German state of Rhineland- Palatinate. Neighboring districts are the district of Kusel, the Thunder Mountain district, the district of Bad Durkheim and the county Southwest Palatinate. A small piece of the district in the local church Bruchmühlbach -Miesau borders directly to the Saar Pfalz-Kreis Saarland. The independent city of Kaiserslautern is almost completely surrounded by the district.
- 3.1 Kreistag
- 3.2 District Administrators
- 3.3 Coat of Arms
- 4.1 Evangelical Church
- 4.2 Catholic Church
- 6.1 Road traffic
- 6.2 Rail transport
- 6.3 Air Traffic
- 6.4 waterways
- 6.5 pipelines
Geography
The district of Kaiserslautern is located about a third of its area in the Palatinate Forest Nature Park. The western part comprises the so-called Sickinger Höhe. The northern part of the county share of the North Palatine Uplands. The Kaiserslautern sink rises out of the narrow valley with a width of 3 to 7 km from east to west between the southern escarpment country and the North Palatine Uplands.
The circle Kaiserslautern is located in the center of the Western Palatinate. Its geographical coordinates are 7 ° 24 ' and 8 ° eastern longitude of Greenwich and 49 ° 18' and 49 ° 36 ' N. lat.
The district stretches from west to east 43 km, from north to south 32 km. The highest point is located 2 km south of Locust cross, the stone mountain of 528 meters height above sea level. NN. The deepest part of the circle is Olsbrücken where the volume up to 205 meters above sea level. NN leaves the county.
History
Precursor of the district of Kaiserslautern in 1818 was the appointed royal Bavarian country Commissariat Kaiserslautern. One of the most famous former land commissioners ( district administrators ) was from 1840 to 1848 Maximilian Joseph of Lamotte ( 1809-1887 ), which also functioned as director of the Palatine Ludwig Railway and later became the Vice - President of the Government of the Rhine Palatinate in Speyer.
1862 the country 's Commissariat of Kaiserslautern was transferred to the district office Kaiserslautern and 1939 arose from this the district of Kaiserslautern, including the dissolved district office Landstuhl. In the district reform in 1969/72, the boundaries of the district were changed somewhat, since two places from the dissolved district Rockhausen were integrated into the district of Kaiserslautern.
Since 1962 the district has a partnership with the Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. As part of the partnership of Rhineland-Palatinate with Rwanda, the circle has a partnership with the county Musasa since 1983. 2002 began a partnership with the Polish district Olesno. Since 2003 there is also a partnership to Rapla in Estonia.
Prehistory
In the Neolithic period, the county area was probably first settled permanently, with the settlement focused on the Sickinger Höhe. The rest of the group were colonized from south to north with decreasing intensity. In Roman times, the entire district area was settled with a settlement concentration in the Kaiserslautern Valley and Landstuhler break. After a settlement void in the 5th and 6th centuries, only the best soils were colonized in the wake of the Frankish conquest first. Of 221 known hamlets in the Palatinate 85 went on again, indicating ups to unsuitable location.
Policy
Council
District administrators
Coat of arms
Under golden head of the shield, is a growing, red reinforced black eagle, black with a red bordierten, silver, covered with a blue fish pile split: the front, a red reinforced and crowned golden lion, behind five silver balls. (Coat - approval December 14, 1959 )
The eagle emphasizes the kingdom and the kingdom of forest land to the royal court and the royal palace Kaiserslautern, the lion stands for the Palatinate, which was in 1357 the rule over Kaiserslautern. The beads symbolize the Lords of SICKINGEN who owned parts of the territory in the district and the fish is taken from the coat of arms of Kaiserslautern. It is the coat of arms of the lords of Kaiserslautern.
Religion
Evangelical Church
The towns of the district include a total of seven parishes ( = deaneries ) of the Evangelical Church of the Palatinate, of which the Dean Otterbach is the only completely in the area of the district. The six church districts are:
Catholic Church
The district of Kaiserslautern, belongs to the diocese of Speyer. Of the deaneries deaneries Kaiserslautern and Landstuhl are completely within the circle. The deaneries are:
Culture
Almost all major cultural institutions are located in the city of Kaiserslautern, while the county has few central institutions of this kind.
Economy and Transport
The Kaiserslautern sink is since antiquity a rush landscape over which the Lorraine area is connected to the northern Upper Rhine area. Through it was a Roman road, the Emperor street, today, railway and motorway.
Road
By the district the federal highways lead 6 (Saarbrücken -Ludwigshafen ), 63 ( Kaiserslautern Mainz) and 62 ( Pirmasens, Kusel ). In addition, several federal highways run through the county territory, including the B 39, B 48 and B 270
Rail transport
The construction of the railway network in the Kaiserslautern area began in 1845 with the construction of the Ludwig train to Bexbach. This line was soon after its completion, following the left bank of North Südtrasse and Saarbrücken on the French network. From the Ludwig web of branch lines and connecting lines were applied to other main lines. These usually run in a north-south direction and lead the east -west route traffic to another. Important railway junctions in the district were and sink stream, high Speyer, Lampertsmühle - Otterbach and Landstuhl.
In the 20th century only a few tracks were built. The railway also lost its dominant role in passenger and freight transport. The position on the railway line is no longer as crucial for a community like in the 19th century often already colonizing ended commercial operations in the configured station slots before was yet begun construction. Gradually unprofitable branch lines to be shut down or at least set the carriage of passengers.
Most important route through the district area is the railway line Mannheim -Saarbrücken, which emerged from the Ludwig Railway. Further still operated routes are the Alsenztalbahn about Enkenbach to Bad Münster, which Railway Kaiserslautern - sink stream, the Biebermühlbahn about Schopp to Pirmasens, the Lauter Valley Railway via Otterbach and Olsbrücken to Lauterbrunnen corner Grumbach and running over Landstuhl, stone turning and Lower Moor railway Landstuhl Kusel. Were adjusted Meanwhile, the Glantalbahn of Homburg Bad Muenster, the railway line Lampertsmühle - Otterbach Otter Mountain, the stream train to Reichenbach and Eistalbahn between Eiswoog and sink stream.
Traffic
After the Second World War was in the area of fracture in Landstuhl Ramstein the U.S. airbase in Ramstein Air Base, one of the most important air bases to NATO. The majority of the communes of the district are under the flight path.
Waterways
The county is indeed the headwaters of numerous streams strong, but has no navigable waterway. The project of a Pfalz Saar -Rhine canal from the late 1930s, with the Saar and the industrial area along the Rhine and Neckar should be connected, was not realized.
Pipelines
The district area by dragging multiple pipelines for natural gas SaarFerngas Transport GmbH and the NATO pipeline Zweibrücken - Fürfeld with connection to the Ramstein Air Base.
Cities and Towns
(Population at 31 December 2012)
Association of communities with their member municipalities:
( The seat of the municipality *)
- 2 Association Enkenbach -Alsenborn
- 3 towns is Hochspeyer
- 4 community association Kaiserslautern -Süd [Seat: Kaiserslautern ]
- 5 municipality Landstuhl
- 6 municipality Otterbach
- 7 municipality Otter Mountain
- 8 municipality Landstuhl