Baulmes

Baulmes seen from Vue du Mont de Baulmes from

Baulmes is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Geography

Baulmes is located on 656 m above sea level. M., 10 km west of the district capital Yverdon- les- Bains ( straight line ). The village extends on the alluvial fan of the Baumine, a mountain stream, the addition occurs here from the Jura in the Swiss Plateau, on the southeastern foot of the Aiguilles de Baulmes.

The area of ​​22.5 km ² large municipality area includes a portion of the Jura Vaudois. The southeastern part of the area is geographically nor in the Central Plateau and includes a plateau at the foot of the Jura with the projected nature bog Marais de Rances, the east which are situated further height Pipechat (670 m above sea level. M. ), the alluvial fan of the Baumine and then parallel to the Jura running Talniederung of this stream, which flows into the Arnon. West closes on the densely forested, partly by rock bands and landslides (Les Rapilles, nature reserve) laced steep slope of the Jura, which is divided by the mountain valley of Baumine. In the Jura territory extends to the heights of Mont de Baulmes ( 1'285 m above sea level. M. ), Aiguilles de Baulmes ( with 1,559 m above sea level. Highest elevation of Baulmes ) and near the summit of Suchet ( to 1,550 m above sea level. M. ). At these altitudes there are extensive Jura high grazing pastures with the typical tall spruce trees that are either individually or in groups. To the west, the area extends into the upper part of the catchment area of the Jougnena. The forest area La Joux de la Limasse north of the pass traversal Col de l' Aiguillon is also one of Baulmes. From the municipality surface 1997 4 % came from settlements, 55 % of forest and woody plants, 40% from agriculture and slightly more than 1% was unproductive land.

To Baulmes include numerous individual farms of the Jura foothills and the mountain ranges. Neighboring communities of Baulmes are Sainte- Croix, Vuiteboeuf, Pittet, Rances and L' Abergement in the canton of Vaud and Jougne and Les Hôpitaux -Vieux in neighboring France.

Population

With 1008 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Baulmes one of the smaller municipalities in the canton of Vaud. Of the 87.4 % inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 2.7 % and 3.6 % speak Serbo-Croatian (as of 2000). The population of Baulmes amounted in 1850 to 862 inhabitants, 1900 to 1241 inhabitants. After that, the village suffered by strong emigration to 1970 a decrease by one third to 811 inhabitants. Since then, a slight increase in population was recorded again.

Economy

Baulmes has long been a mainly coined by farming village. Even today makes agriculture a significant proportion of the labor structure. At the foot of the Jura is operated mainly in farming in the fertile soil, while in the highlands of livestock and dairy farming predominate. Already in the 14th century the cloth making a significant income of the population; Hydropower of Baumine was used early for the operation of mills, saw mills, forges and tanneries. At the Jougnena there was from the 16th to the 18th century blast furnaces. From 1897 to 1957 a cement factory was in operation. Today, the industry is focusing on the wood processing ( furniture making, carpentry, carpentry ), but there are mechanical workshops and a coffee machine factory.

Traffic

The community is located off the major thoroughfares on a main road of Vuiteboeuf to Orbe. On November 27, 1893, the narrow gauge railway Chemin de fer Yverdon - Ste -Croix taken with a station in Baulmes in operation. Furthermore, there is a bus connection with Orbe.

History

The municipality of Baulmes can look back on a very long urban tradition. Witness a prehistoric settlement have been found in the rocks on the slopes of the Jura above the village. Also from the Neolithic and Bronze Age settlement traces have been discovered ( Stone tools, pottery and bones). More remains there from the era of the Roman period and the early Middle Ages.

The first mention of Baulmes place in the year 652 under the name of in loco Balmensi. Later, the names Balmo ( 962) Balmis (1123) and Balme ( 1228 ) published. Its name is attributed to the late Latin balma ( cave, cave, Abri ).

The history begins 652, as Duke Chramnelenus, a friend of St. Columban in Baulmes a monastery dedicated to St. Mary founded, was in the later first lived by the rules of Columban, after those of the Benedictines. Probably in the course of the 12th century came the then dilapidated monastery to the Cluniac Priory Payerne, under which the priory was restored. The monastery owned goods included in Bonvillars, Montcherand and Orbe. To the monastery which gave rise to the village Baulmes. In the 13th or 14th century, the whole village was destroyed by fire. During the 15th century Baulmes was repeatedly target of robber baron trains from neighboring France. Therefore, a fortress was built at the upper village to the Col de l' Aiguillon, in which all residents could find a place with such ideas.

With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536 the Reformation was introduced and dissolved the Priory Baulmes. Baulmes the under Bernese domination Bailiwick Yverdon was assigned, which is the collapse of the ancien régime to 1798 remained. After that, the village belonged until 1803 during the Helvetic Republic to the canton Geneva, the rose then with the enactment of the Act of Mediation in the canton of Vaud. First Baulmes belonged to the district of Grandson, in 1809 it came to the district of Orbe.

Attractions

From the former priory no residues are present. Parts of the Prioratsgebäude were rebuilt in 1618 to the rectory, which has a fortified portal from the 15th century. The construction of the present Reformed Church of Saint- Pierre, which was already mentioned in 1228 as a parish church, date mainly from 1821, 1871, he was enlarged. From the previous building some Romanesque elements and the base of the tower were integrated, the stained glass windows are from the Gothic period. In the tower passage stands a Roman altar dedicated to Apollo. Built in the 17th century Maison de la Dîme now houses the local museum ( Musée du Vieux- Baulmes ). An archive tower is located on the Grand Rue with a small bell tower in 1750. Few farmhouses dating from the 18th and 19th centuries are also obtained.

Sports

The village-owned football club, FC Baulmes is exceptionally successful in proportion to the population of the village - with the result that at the games at the Stade Sous -Ville sometimes more attendance than the village inhabitants.