Magnus Carlsen

Magnus Carlsen Øen ( born November 30, 1990 in Tønsberg ) is a Norwegian chess grandmaster and world chess champion since 2013. He is the current number one in the FIDE world ranking list. His Elo rating in March 2014 with 2881 points, the highest in history; it exceeds the previous record of Garry Kasparov in July 1999 with 2851 points. From 2009 to 2012, he won the Chess Oscar every year.

His third Grandmaster norm he won in 2004 at the age of 13 years and four months. In January 2010, he reached as far the youngest player the top position in the world rankings. His coaches included the successful Norwegian chess players and footballers Simen Agdestein, over him Wonderboy wrote the book in 2004.

Family

Carlsen is the son of Sigrun Øen and Henrik Albert Carlsen, both of which operate in the engineering profession. The family lived for a year in Espoo and then in Brussels; In 1997 she moved to Lommedalen ( Bærum ) in Norway. From there, they later moved to Haslum. Carlsen was the age of two to be able to put together a puzzle of 50 parts. He learned the rules of chess at the age of five years by his father, but was initially interested not particularly for the game. Even as a child he fell out because of its excellent memory. The first chess book he was reading was Bent Larsen Finn plan.

Carlsen has an older sister Ellen Øen Carlsen, who also plays chess. She won in 2007 as a seventeen year old Nordic Championship in her age group and is currently occupied ( 2014) # 10 in the Norwegian ranking. Ellen Carlsen studied medicine at the University of Oslo. She stepped example, in early March 2014 in chess international match between Norway and Germany in Berlin.

Early success

His first chess tournament played Magnus Carlsen in July 1999. A year later he won the Norwegian Championship Under -11 -year-old. His first international tournament he played in October 2000 at the Open in Bad Wiessee, where he won 4.5 points from nine games. In September 2001, he played for the club Asker SK at the European Team Championships in Panormos. At the World Championships U12 in Heraklion 2002, he came up with nine points from eleven games in second place. The first standard for the title of International Master in January 2003, he scored at the tournament in Gausdal. In the same year he finished 3rd place in the European Youth Championships and 9th place at the World Youth Championships.

Achieve the Grandmaster title

All three Grandmaster norms Magnus Carlsen secured within four months in early 2004 in a run of excellent tournament results. His first GM norm he scored a resounding victory and 10.5 / 13 points in Group C of the prestigious Corus chess tournament in Wijk aan Zee. It was the first sensational appearance of the young chess talent. His other two GM norms achieved Magnus Carlsen at the Aeroflot Open in Moscow in February and at the Dubai Open in April 2004.

In a blitz tournament in Reykjavík in March 2004, he also attended by a former World Champion Anatoly Karpov win over the headlines. With this performance, he qualified for the subsequent rapid chess tournament, which was held in the knockout system. In the first round of the three -year-old Carlsen met Kasparov, who consider leading the world rankings with an Elo rating of 2831. In the first game with White Carlsen had an extra pawn and achieved a draw, but subsequently lost with Black in just 32 moves.

In June 2004, Carlsen participated in the FIDE World Championship in Tripoli, but lost in the first round against Levon Aronian 1,5-2,5. In July 2005, he shared in Sandnes first place in the Norwegian national championship with his trainer Simen Agdestein, but lost the playoff for the title. When the played by knockout system World Chess Cup 2005 in Khanty-Mansiysk in December he was sent to a placement fight against Gata Kamsky, he lost with 1:3 ( 1:1 according to tournament games, 0:2 after rapid chess jump-off), Tenth and qualified with this result for the re-introduced by the FIDE candidates Tournament for the world Chess Championship 2007. Carlsen met in the first round of candidates fighting in Elista on Levon Aronian and lost with 5:7 after Tie.

In February 2006 he won together with Alexander Motyljow the B tournament in Wijk aan Zee. A month later, he won a heavily occupied Blitz in Reykjavík, in which he switched off, among others, Viswanathan Anand. At the Chess Olympiad in Turin, he played on top board for Norway and scored six points from eight games. In August he scored the NH Chess Tournament in Amsterdam, where young talents competed against experienced grandmasters, with 6.5 points from ten games, the best result in the junior and received an invitation to the highly valuable tournament Melody Amber in Monaco. In September, he arrived at the Norwegian National Championship in Moss as the year level on points with Agdestein to square 1 Carlsen, who was at that time in the world rankings before Agdestein, retaliated in 2005 and won the tie-break. It was Carlsen's been last participation in the Norwegian Championships. In April 2007 he won the Gausdal Chess Classics with seven points from nine games.

Belonging to the world top

2007

In August 2007, Magnus Carlsen won the GM tournament in Biel after a playoff for first place against Alexander Onischuk. In December 2007, he reached the semi-finals in the FIDE World Cup, but had to retire against Gata Kamsky. By reaching the semifinals, he qualified for the FIDE Grand Prix 2008-2010.

2008

In January 2008, Carlsen won together with the Armenian Levon Aronian Corus tournament in Wijk aan Zee. Both achieved among the 14 participants with an Elo average of 2742 (Category 20) eight points from 13 games. In chess tournament in Linares Carlsen finished with an Elo performance of 2800 over behind World Champion Anand in second place. In June 2008, Carlsen won the Aerosvit tournament in Foros (Elo average 2711 category 19) with a full point ahead of his eleven competitors.

Carlsen finished the Chess Masters Bilbao in Spain in 2008 ( September 2 to 13 ) with three wins, two defeats and four draws in second place behind Veselin Topalov. During this tournament Carlsen was, according to unofficial calculations for five days before Anand is the No. 1 world ranking, which was discussed in numerous press reports.

2009

The young Norwegian has been trained and advised by former world champion Garry Kasparov Between early 2009 and March 2010.

In October 2009, Carlsen won the Super Tournament in Nanjing ( category 21 ) with eight points from ten games unbeaten with 2.5 points ahead of the runner- Topalov and with an Elo performance of 3002. With this tournament win, he came over in 2800 on the unofficial live world Ranking. In November he won the Tal Memorial in Moscow the shared 2nd place and won the discharged after flash chess world championship. In December he finished the London Chess Classic ( category 18) with five points from seven games ( 3 = 4) the first place.

2010

The FIDE world ranking of January 2010 led Carlsen with a rating of 2810 at # 1, so he is the youngest player since the introduction of the world rankings, which this was achieved. In January 2010, he won the Corus tournament in Wijk aan Zee ( category 19) with 8.5 points from 13 games. In June 2010, he won the Kings Tournament ( category 20 ) in Bazna in Romania with 7.5 points from ten games.

Among his expectations Carlsen cut shortly after starting at the Chess Olympiad in Khanty- Mansisk, where he played for Norway at the first board and reached 4.5 points from eight games. Even with the Grand Slam Final Masters in Bilbao in October 2010, his performance fell well short of his classification, he reached four members behind the winner Vladimir Kramnik and Anand third place. At the tournament in Nanjing, he overcame his short-term form of crisis, remained undefeated and won with seven points from ten games against Anand.

Early November 2010, Carlsen gave his resignation to participate in the Candidates Tournament of 2011.

Carlsen won the lasting from 8 to 15 December 2010 London Chess Classic with 4 wins, 2 losses and a draw after scoring against Anand and McShane. After he had against Anand, each with black, lost in the first round against McShane and in the third, he improved and freed himself in the penultimate round in the match against Kramnik - back to black - even from an extremely difficult situation, so that these game ended in a draw.

2011

At the last edition of the tournament in Monaco 2011 Melody Amber Carlsen reached the second place in the overall standings ( behind Aronian ) and won the rapid chess part. In June 2011, he won with 6.5 points from ten games again the tournament in Bazna, due to better classification ahead of the same point Sergei Karjakin.

This he repressed in July 2011 Viswanathan Anand again from the top of the world rankings that those who led from March to June.

In July 2011 he won the tournament in Biel with seven points from ten games. In October 2011, he won the fourth Final Masters, which was held in Sao Paulo and Bilbao, by tag fight against Vasyl Ivanchuk.

Also the 6th Tal Memorial 2011, which until November 25, 2011 took place from 16 in Moscow, Magnus Carlsen won due to the tie-break rules ( the player with the most games black is preferred) before the same number of points Aronian with two wins and seven sheds; Carlsen played five times with the black pieces while Aronian played four games black, but reached a slightly better performance of the tournament.

At the 3rd London Chess Classic 2011 Magnus Carlsen finished behind Kramnik and Nakamura with five draws and three wins 3rd place. He showed up with his tournament performance overall dissatisfied: "I'm not happy with most of my games except the win against Nakamura. "

2012

The 74th Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2012 which was held in Wijk aan Zee, from January 13 to 29, finished Magnus Carlsen - tied with Caruana and Radjabov (eight points from 13 games) - on the shared second place; after he suffered a defeat in the ninth round with the white pieces against Karjakin, it was no longer possible for him in the next four rounds, the eventual winner Levon Aronian, Carlsen had defeated in the 3rd round with the white pieces to compromise. In June 2012, Carlsen won the Tal Memorial in Moscow 7. He came into the tournament on 5.5 points from nine matches and remained the only player without a defeat. When from 1 to 11 July 2012 at Kazakh Astana discharged Fast and blitz chess world championship was vice-champion Magnus Carlsen both in chess and in blitz chess. Also was second Carlsen at the 45th International Chess Festival in Biel, which took place from July 21 to August 3, 2012. Although Carlsen the tournament winner Wang Hao defeated twice during the tournament and remained even without defeat, he was at the end due to the three- point rule behind Hao, as this could win more games. The Grand Slam finals in 2012, which was held in São Paulo and Bilbao, Carlsen won after lightning chess playoff against Caruana. In December 2012, he also won the fourth edition of the London Chess Classic.

2013

In January Magnus Carlsen won the Tata Steel Chess tournament he had won most recently in 2008 and 2010. In April, he won in London in the Candidates Tournament for the World Chess Championship 2013. Though he finished the tournament with a defeat against Peter Svidler, since the same number of points Vladimir Kramnik but also lost its last game, Carlsen was because of the larger number won games as a challenger to defending champion Viswanathan Anand qualified.

In November 2013 Carlsen entered in Chennai, the home town of Anand, at a World Championship fight against him. In the fifth round he went ahead and built this by further victories in round six and nine to 6:3 from. With a draw in the tenth game Carlsen was 2013 World Champion a few days before his 23rd birthday on 22 November.

Game style

Carlsen has an intuitive understanding of the game and is compared in this respect with José Raúl Capablanca and Anatoly Karpov. It can therefore treat many different types of positions well. In the opening he is not fixed to specific systems, which is a preparation very difficult for him. He often avoids far ausanalysierte theory variants and strives to positions in which he can put his opponent under pressure in the long term. He is distinguished by great fighting spirit. In particular, in the final he plays very strong and uses opponent's errors effectively.

Others

In the chess Bundesliga Carlsen played in the 2004/2005 season for the chess friends and Berlin from 2006 to 2013 for the OSG Baden -Baden. In France, he is a member of Clichy Echecs 92

Already in March 2005, Garry Kasparov had called him alongside Sergei Karjakin and Hikaru Nakamura as he sees as the most promising player of the future. In December 2009, Kasparov praised in particular Carlsen's intuition and his natural talent to identify the optimal position of the characters well in advance.

Carlsen lives in Haslum, Bærum, 15 km from Oslo, and likes to play football in his spare time.

In 2010 he received a contract as a model for the Dutch clothing company G-Star. The revenues of its marketing company Magnus Chess increased from NOK 3.5 million in 2009 to 8.4 million NOK (good € 1 million) in 2010. 2012, the annual income of Carlsen was, according to his manager to about 1.2 million U.S. dollars. After winning the world title Magnus Carlsen could enter his name as a trademark in order to continue to market products under.

In April 2013 Carlsen was included in the list of Time 100.