Toyota Corolla
Toyota Corolla is the model designation for a car in the compact class, which is used by the Japanese Toyota Motor Corporation since mid-1966 for a range of different car models.
From the Corolla, the plant has derived in the course of time a number of different variants, which often remain limited to Japan and to serve the purpose to serve the various distribution networks of the manufacturer. Among the most famous of the summer Corolla Sprinter was introduced in 1968 ( higher equipped version ), the Corolla Levin (Coupe versions ) and the Sprinter Trueno include ( the coupe version of the Corolla E70 with rear-wheel drive ). Finally, the Corolla Verso minivan came to offer.
While the Corolla in the spring of 2007 in favor of the Auris of the major European markets ( Germany, France, Italy, Great Britain) was taken, the model is marketed in many other markets in Europe and other continents continue as a Corolla. End of 2006, a new Corolla ( E14) was introduced, it found in a notchback version ( in Japan: Corolla Axis ) are and as combination ( Corolla Fielder ).
Over the storyline passenger cars were manufactured with the name Corolla not only in Japan but in many other countries, including the U.S., Canada, Brazil, Venezuela, China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Turkey, Thailand, India, the United Kingdom and the Philippines. In a joint venture with General Motors were made in California, the building on the Corolla Chevrolet Nova and Chevrolet and Geo Prizm. Also related to the Corolla was the Toyota group belonging to the manufacturer Daihatsu Charmant the.
- 5.1 engines in Europe
- 5.2 engines outside Europe
- 6.1 sedan and Compact ( E80/E82 )
- 6.2 Coupé ( AE85/AE86 )
- 7.1 Corolla Tercel 4WD
- 7.2 Conquest and Tazz
- 7.3 engines
- 8.1 engines
- 9.1 engines
- 9.2 Toyota Corolla WRC
General
The Toyota Corolla is the best selling car in the world. However, these are ten generations model with some of the basic conceptual changes such as the switch from rear to front wheel drive. Several times independent models were integrated into the Corolla series to date also.
The Corolla is considered very reliable car, which is also confirmed by the TÜV breakdown statistics and reports.
Corolla (E10, 1966-1970 )
Toyota Corolla
In May 1966 Toyota introduced as an additional model between the Toyota 800 (the predecessor of the Toyota Starlet ) and the Toyota Corona Corolla first as a two-door sedan. In August 1967 fastback coupe was followed by the four-door sedan and the three-door station wagon, in August 1968 under the name Corolla Sprinter. As of early 1969, more powerful variants of the two-door came with the Corolla SL to offer.
The Corolla had a rear rigid axle with leaf springs, a front strut suspension, rear wheel drive and a short-stroke designed inline four- cylinder engine (44/ 54 kW ) drew from 1077 cm ³ 60 or ( in the compressed higher SL) 73 SAE hp. In the fall of 1969 the engine capacity was increased to 1166 cc, whereby the power to 65 (SL: 78 ) rose SAE hp.
The Corolla and exports in the U.S., where Toyota has been active since 1958, began with prices starting at $ 1,668 in the summer of 1968, an Opel Kadett B comparatively cost from $ 1,785. In Germany, the Corolla E10 was not offered, but in other European countries such as Switzerland; there cost the Corolla from 6990 € ( Cadet 1100: from 6600 SFr ). In Japan, the original price was 495,000 yen ( equivalent to approx € 4,500 )
Corolla ( E20, 1970-1974 )
In May 1970 he published at 5 cm longer wheelbase the slightly larger second-generation Corolla. The body variants corresponded to the previous model. From the Sprinter was a separate series that included sedans, was the new Sport model Sprinter Trueno. On engines were aggregates of 1.2 liters (68-77 SAE hp), 1.4 liter ( 86-95 SAE hp) and 1.6 liters ( 2 double carburetor, 115 hp SAE ) are available. In addition to a four-or five-speed gearbox and a two - or three-speed automatic was offered. The rest of the equipment ( leaf spring live axle rear, rear wheel drive, mixed braking system ) corresponded to the predecessor.
In the U.S., all versions had the 1.6 -liter four- cylinder that came here with a double carburetor for 102 hp SAE. The coupe was the name SR -5, since it possessed as standard with a five-speed gearbox.
In Germany, the Corolla in March 1971 as a sedan and coupe ( DM 6890 and DM 7650 ) was offered, a year later, the three-door station wagon followed ( 7,795 DM). All local versions had the 1.2-liter with 58, later 55 DIN hp (43/ 40, 5 kW).
Sedan and coupe received in April 1974 a successor, the combination was continued to be built until December 1977.
Corolla ( E30/E40/E50/E60, 1974-1979 )
In April 1974, the Corolla was released in Japan third generation ( E30 series), again in wheelbase ( 4 cm) and increases in external dimensions and further provided with rear wheel drive. The base sedan was the type number E30 or E31, the Hardtopcoupé without a B- pillar, the type number E35 or E37, the E36 or E38 station wagon. The E40 series called the Japanese Sprinter models, the E50- series ( E50 and E51 ) to be introduced later Liftback and the Sport Coupe. In some European countries, the E4 series associated " Trueno " coupe was offered, which was also the basis for the later Sports Coupe and Liftback models of the E50 series.
In the Japanese domestic market, all models were given from 1977 due to new emission regulations and to imported engines, a new type designation, so that from now on only from the E50 series ( all Corolla models) and was spoken from the E60 series ( all Sprinter models ), no matter what body style was built.
The end of 1976 in addition to the Corolla Liftback, three-door sport wagon appeared after a kind of Lancia Beta HPE; derived from the Liftback was a hardtop coupe with a notchback that was not offered in Europe. In Japan, engines were from 1.2 to 1.6 liters capacity available in the top versions of the Sprinter and Corolla model with two overhead camshafts.
In Germany, the introduction of this series in March 1975, initially in the known body versions with the 1.2 -liter engine ( 40.5 kW/55 hp) and with prices starting at 8,490 DM was made in November 1976, the liftback came to the there were 1,600 (54 kW/73 hp) and 1600 GSL ( dual carburetors, 61.5 kW/84 hp) and the cost from 11,490 DM.
Engines in Europe
Gasoline
The performance data of the European versions are based on German versions. The performance specifications are slightly different in some countries. All figures in hp ( DIN). ² = no German model.
Engines outside Europe
Gasoline
Toyota Corolla Liftback ( E50)
Corolla (E70, 1979-1983 )
Toyota Corolla Sedan (1979-1981)
In September 1979, the E70 series of Corolla on the market, again as a sedan, coupe, station wagon, liftback and derived from the Liftback hardtop coupe. The wheelbase has increased by 30 to 2400mm, in Japan the engine sizes were 1.3, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.8 liters ( 74-115 PS/54-84, 5 kW). The biggest innovation on the E70 than the more modern, angular body was to replace the leaf springs on the solid rear axle with trailing arms, Panhard rod and coil springs; the combination retained the leaf spring axle.
In Germany, the two - and four-door sedan, five-door station wagon and of the liftback coupé were offered from the fall of 1979, the latter 1300 DX (44 kW/60 hp) and 1600 ( 54-81 kW/74-110 PS), the other variants only with 1.3 -liter four- cylinder whose power was increased in 1982 to 48 kW/65 hp.
In the fall of 1981, the Corolla series has been revised. She received revised headlights and taillights.
As of August 1982, the base -1 ,6 -liter was also available in sedan, in February 1983, was also a 1.8 liter diesel engine ( 43 kW/58 hp). The prices ranged at introduction of DM 9,995 ( sedan ) to 15,295 ( GT Liftback with the DOHC engine ).
Sedan, Liftback, Coupe and Hardtopcoupé were replaced by front-wheel drive Corolla E80 series in May 1983. The station wagon with rear-wheel drive but have continued to be built in revised form until August 1987.
Engines in Europe
Gasoline
Diesel
The performance data of the European versions are based on German versions. The performance specifications are slightly different in some countries. All figures in hp ( DIN).
Engines outside Europe
Gasoline
Diesel
Toyota Corolla Liftback (1981-1983)
Toyota Corolla Combi (1981-1983)
Toyota Corolla Van (1981-1983)
Corolla ( E80, 1983-1987 )
Sedan and Compact ( E80/E82 )
In May 1983, the premiere of the Corolla E80 was front wheel drive and multi -link rear suspension as four-door notchback and five-door hatchback, in October of the year followed by the shorter, three - and five-door hatchback variants, which were known in Japan as Corolla FX in Europe Corolla Compact. In its home market, the engines ranged from 1.3 to 1.6 liters ( 60-95 kW/81-130 PS), as of 1985 there was the 1.8 -liter diesel also available.
The four-and five-door model in the U.S. were partly imported from Japan, partly produced in a new plant in California, where the derived from the E80 Chevrolet Nova was built. To select a 1.6 -liter SOHC engine (55 kW/75 hp) and a DOHC variant of this machine were (81 kW/110 hp).
In Germany the introduction of the E80 as a four-door notchback and five-door hatchback ( " Liftback " ) in August 1983, with 1.3 -liter engine (51 kW/70 hp, from 14,990 DM).
As of April 1984, the Liftback 1600 this came (62 kW/84 hp, from 16,545 DM), followed in 1985 by the Corolla Compact with prices starting at 13,990 DM At the same time the previous 1.3-liter has been replaced by a new design with 3 valves per cylinder (55 kW/75 hp). As of March 1986, the 1.8 - liter diesel engine came into the program.
Coupes ( AE85/AE86 )
On the basis of previous models Toyota continued to offer sporty Corolla models with rear wheel drive. In Japan this angular and notchback coupe ran under the names Corolla Levin and Sprinter Trueno, the United States welcomed the car Corolla GT -S. In its home market a OHC -1 ,5 -liter (62.5 kW/85 hp) and a 1.6-liter dual overhead camshafts were ( 95.5 kW/130 hp); in North America, these machines contributed 55 kW/75 hp and 85 kW/115 hp.
In Europe, both or just one body style offered by market. In Germany, under the name Corolla GT from November 1984 the notchback version with the injection 1.6 - liter four-valve engine, the 91 kW/124 hp, later contributed with catalyst 85 kW/115 hp here. The price was initially 19,990 DM
Corolla ( E90, 1987-1992 )
Toyota Corolla three-door
In May 1987, the Corolla E90 debuted as a four-door notchback and five-door Hatchback Liftback, three - and five-door compact five-door and station wagon.
Corolla Tercel 4WD
In some markets, such as Germany, the second generation of the Toyota Sprinter Carib wheel drive station wagons under the name Corolla Tercel 4WD in North America was offered as a Corolla alltrac.
Conquest and Tazz
In South Africa and Australia, the three - and five-door compact models were produced as Toyota Tazz and Conquest and sold.
Motors
Gasoline
Diesel
Rear view
Toyota Corolla Saloon
Toyota Corolla Combi
Toyota Corolla alltrac
Toyota Corolla Coupe
Corolla ( E100, 1991-1997)
Toyota Corolla Compact
This generation of the Toyota Corolla, introduced in May 1992 as a successor to the Corolla E90 by Germany and served until April 1997. Production of the model began in June 1991 in the Japanese Toyota plant in Toyota City, where the model rolled until May 1995 by the band, as it was then replaced by the new E110 - generation. In Turkey, however, the E100 generation was produced in Toyotasa - Toyota plant still up in the August 1998 into it.
Although an entirely new platform was developed, has not technically changed much. The chassis was equipped with MacPherson struts and wishbones all around. As body styles, there was a three - and five-door hatchback called the Compact, a four-door sedan, a station wagon and the long five-door hatchback version called " liftback ".
The engine range now consisted of only three engines. The gasoline engines, there was a 1.3 liter ( 4E- FE) with 65 kW ( 88 hp ), a 1.6 liter (4A- FE) with 84 kW (114 hp) and a 2.0 liter diesel with newly developed 53 kW (72 hp). All engines were equipped with 5 -speed transmission. For the 1.3 -liter petrol engine, there was an optional 3- speed automatic transmission for the 1.6 -liter gasoline engine, an electronically controlled 4 -speed automatic with overdrive. There were 3 Austtattunglinien: XLi, GLi (only Liftback 1.6 l) and Si ( only 3-door 1.6 l). Optionally, there was a Driver with impact fuse and a power sunroof.
In May 1995, the Corolla E100 has undergone a small facelift. There are minor adjustments to bumper and grille have been made. The body variant " Liftback " was omitted. The 1.3 liter 4E- FE engine now made only 75 hp (55 kW ), but met the emission class Euro 2 After this work, driver and passenger airbags as standard, which were activated by electronic sensor ignition.
Motors
Otto
Diesel
- 2.0 liter D Kat (2C ), 4 cylinders with 1975 cc capacity in serial type with 53 kW ( 72 hp ); 05.92-04.97
Corolla compact five-door
Corolla Saloon
Corolla ( E110, 1997-2002)
Toyota Corolla Compact (1997-2000)
The E110 series was introduced in Europe in May 1997 and differed externally first introduced in Japan by the 1995 version. Much like its predecessor, this car also has the body variants Compact, Liftback, offered as a sedan and station wagon, the Compact but this time was only available as a three-door. The Compact version was also available as a limited edition G6 with six-speed gearbox ( Alu/Leder- shift lever ), upscale amenities ( plus mirrors, door handles and bumpers in body color ), red deposited instruments, front and roof spoiler and aluminum wheels the size 185/65x14, that are supplied by the German sales. The engines were carried over from the previous model, but with slightly different characteristics. In addition to the G6 model there was also a limited edition of 2500 units special model G6R. This had to hang up Toyota for the homologation of the WRC. Specials: only in red and black, 15 ' alloy wheels, strut bar, sports suspension, side skirts, red belts, aluminum bonnet
The Corolla E110 fell mainly because of their getting used to nose design with rounded headlights ( " bug-eyed " ) in the criticism. Also the G6 version did not fulfill the laws by the optics sporting claims. Praise the other hand, the high reliability of the vehicle as its predecessors.
In February 2000, the Corolla E110 has undergone a facelift. In particular, the front fascia has been revised. The headlights were now kidney-shaped and had not so prominent, together with the enlarged grille. In addition, all engines were replaced by newly developed engines with similar large displacement, but higher performance. The petrol engines were now with camshaft adjustment ( " VVT -i" ) as standard, the diesel engine is now owned direct injection ( "D -4D ").
Motors
Toyota Corolla Saloon (1997-2000)
Toyota Corolla Combi (1997-2000)
Toyota Corolla Compact (2000-2002)
Toyota Corolla Liftback (2000-2002)
Rear view
Toyota Corolla E110 Asia 1995-1997
Toyota Corolla E110 Asia and North America 1998-2000
Toyota Corolla E110 Asia and North America 2000-2002
Toyota Corolla Levin Asia 1995-2002
Toyota Corolla WRC
Body
- Length / Width / Height: 4100/1770 / 1365
- Wheelbase: 2465
- Gauge: 1564 mm front / 1,556 mm rear
- Fuel tank capacity: 90 liters
- Weight: 1300 kg
Motor
- Cylinder: Four-cylinder in-line engine
- Type: 3S- GTE
- Displacement: 1998 cc (turbo)
- Power: 221 kW / 300 hp at 5500 rpm
- Torque: 520 Nm at 3250/min
- Emission control: catalyst
Vehicle
- Suspension: McPherson struts
- Brakes: four-piston brake system with internally ventilated discs
- Wheels / tires: 18- inch wheels, Michelin tires
- Transmission: Six-speed
- Engine type: Permanent all-wheel drive
Corolla ( E120, 2002-2007)
Toyota Corolla five-door hatchback (2002-2004)
In January 2002, the Corolla E120 was introduced to the German market. He was therefore in a much more European style. The Sprinter versions were now called Toyota Allex.
From its predecessor E110 took over the new model both 1.4 and 1.6 liter VVT -i petrol engines and the 66 kW diesel engine (90 hp). The 1.8 liter petrol engine of the TS has also been the first time installed in the Corolla as the more powerful 2 liter diesel. The rest of the vehicle design was a completely new development in many areas. Especially in terms of comfort and safety, it brought many innovations to its predecessor.
In addition to the three - or five-door hatchback, four-door notchback sedan and the station wagon for the first time there was a compact MPV named Corolla Verso ( see below). The available trim levels at the beginning called themselves Corolla, Luna, Sol and TS. By default, all models had a five-speed manual transmission (6 courses for the TS ). For the 1.6 liter petrol engine also was a conventional three-speed automatic transmission with overdrive, for a fourth gear, can be ordered.
In spring 2004, the model received a facelift, which the safety features (ESP, as well as eight airbags as standard ) appreciating among others. In addition to light optical retouching on barbecue and the lights and the interior equipment packages have been considerably larger.
The engines have been slightly revised ( all filled now with the emission standard Euro 4 ) and a new fuel-efficient diesel engine with 1.4 liter engine, debuted at 66 kW. For this first time, an automatic transmission, multi-mode was called available. Now Moreover, the new top equipment executive stood for election. Later, the special models Sportschau Edition and Edition were available.
As of February 2005, there was also the sports model TS as charged TS Compressor, now with 165 kW (224 hp).
In the spring of 2007, the series was discontinued and by his successor ( in Germany called Auris ) replaced.
Motors
Rear view
Toyota Corolla Combi (2002-2004)
Toyota Corolla Hatchback (2004-2007)
Toyota Corolla Combi (2004-2007)
Toyota Corolla E14/E15 ( from 2006)
In the fall of 2006 debuted the latest Corolla, which divides the technical basis with the Auris. For the first time two completely different models are produced, the slightly shorter Corolla ( E14) for the Japanese market and the longer Corolla (E15 ) for North America and the rest of the world.
The E14 was introduced in October 2006 and is a four-door notchback sedan ( Corolla Axio ) and five-door station wagon ( Corolla Fielder ) available at a length of 4410 mm. It is powered by a 1.5 -liter four- cylinder (81 kW/110 hp) or a 1.8-liter four-cylinder engine (100 kW/136 hp). In addition to front-wheel drive versions also wheel-drive variants with weaker engine versions are offered. The majority of the Corolla models is equipped with a stepless CVT automatic, but there are still some versions with a five-speed gearbox.
In November 2006, the introduction of the Corolla E15 for the rest of the world, the wheelbase (2600 mm ) with the E14 divides, but with 4540 mm longer and exclusively as a four-door notchback sedan available followed. Here are depending on the market with various different engines available. In North America, the Corolla four-cylinder engines have two overhead camshafts, 16 valves and variable valve timing with 1.8 or 2.4 liter engine, 98 kW/132 hp and make the 118 kW/160 hp; these vehicles are equipped with a five-speed gearbox, additional charge are conventional four-and five-speed automatic transmission available. In Japan, there is also an identical technique to Corolla Rumion (wheelbase 2600 length 4210 mm), an edgy minivan, which is offered as a larger version of the Toyota bB.
Took place in the spring of 2009 with the launch of the Toyota Verso a revision of the Corolla E14/E15. Since then, the Toyota Allex models hot blade.
Corolla Verso (2001-2009)
From November 2001 to March 2009 were based on the Corolla a compact MPV named Corolla Verso, which is equipped with five or seven seats. Such vehicles were before, but the Corolla Verso was the first to put the Toyota in Europe market.
At the presentation in the fall of 2001, the Verso was the only one of the five simultaneously newly introduced body styles, which has been imported from Japan. Since the spring of 2004, however, intended for European models run in the Turkish plant in Adapazari from the tape. In the same year Toyota introduced the second generation of the minivan, which was also available with a new 2.2 -liter diesel engine from autumn 2005.
The diesel engine is 130 kW ( 177 hp ) is the most powerful diesel engine in a compact MPV. In terms of emission control, the vehicle is equipped with the Toyota D -CAT technology and comes with storage catalyst.
Successor was introduced in April 2009 Toyota Verso.
Rear view
Toyota Corolla Verso (2004-2009)
Rear view
Swell
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- Mike Covello: Standard Catalog of Imported Cars 1946-2002. Krause Publications, Iola 2002, ISBN 0-87341-605-8
- Joachim Kuch: Japanese automobiles. Engine book publishing house, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-613-01365-7.