Phaffans
Phaffans ( formerly German Pfeffingen ) is a town in the French department of Territoire de Belfort in the Franche -Comté.
Geography
Phaffans is located on 363 m, about six kilometers east-northeast of the town of Belfort ( a straight line ). The village is located in the northern part of the Burgundian Gate, on the plateau south of the Forêt de Roppe near the Vosges mountains, east of the streams of Ermite and Autruche.
The area of 3.24 km ² municipal area includes a portion of the weakly in relief landscape in the Burgundian Gate ( trouée de Belfort ). The main part of the area is occupied by a plateau, which is on average 360 m. It is mostly covered with arable and meadow land, but also shows some forest areas. The plateau is drained by the Ermite, which flows south of the village in the Autruche. Current flows through a more than 500 m wide flood plain to the southeast and provides drainage to Bourbeuse and thus to Allaine. To the east, the municipality's area extends over the plateau on which at 381 m is the highest point of Phaffans is achieved in a narrow strip in the valley of the Madeleine and the northern part of the extensive Grove Bois de Besson Court.
Neighboring communities of Phaffans are Eguenigue, Menoncourt and Lacollonge in the north, Fontaine in the east, Besson Court in the south and Denney and Roppe in the West.
History
The territory of Phaffans was settled very early, which could be demonstrated by means of bricks and ceramic finds from the Gallo- Roman period. Is first mentioned in the year 792 Phaffans under the name Pefferauga. From a later time the name Fafan and Faefen have survived. Since the High Middle Ages Phaffans formed the center of the parish Baroche that was from Murbach monastery dependent.
First, the control of the Lords of Montbéliard standing, the village mid-14th century came under the suzerainty of the Habsburg dynasty. It belonged to the rule Rougemont, but also had other dominions possession in the field. During the Thirty Years' War Phaffans was drawn in 1632 by Swedish troops affected. Together with the Sundgau came the village with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 to the French crown. Since 1793 Phaffans belonged to the Department of Haut -Rhin, however, remained in 1871 as part of the Territoire de Belfort as opposed to the rest of Alsace in France. 1815, the village was burnt down by the advancing Austrian troops against Belfort. Since 1997 Phaffans part of the community association Communauté de communes du Tilleul.
Attractions
The present church of the Assumption ( Église Notre- Dame de l' Assomption ) was built in two phases: The church tower dates from around 1700, while the ship was built from 1726 to 1735 in Baroque style. The church has a rich interior, including altars from the 17th century, statues and a pulpit from the 18th century. The Rectory dating from 1701.
- Church of the Assumption
Population
With 348 inhabitants ( 1 January 2011) Phaffans one of the small communities of the department of Territoire de Belfort. After the population had clearly decreased in the first half of the 20th century (1896 200 people were still counted ) from 1968 to 1975, a strong population growth was recorded. Since then, the population remained at an approximately constant level.
Economy and infrastructure
Phaffans was until well into the 20th century a predominantly by agriculture (crops, orchards and livestock ) embossed village. The water power of the Ermite and Autruche was formerly used for the operation of mills. In addition, there are now various operations of small businesses. Meanwhile, the village has been transformed into a residential community. Many workers are also commuters who do their work in the agglomeration Belfort.
The village has good transport links. It is located on a secondary road that leads from Bessoncourt to Eguenigue. The nearest links to the A36 motorway, which runs through the municipality, is located at a distance of about five kilometers. Further road links exist with Denney, Lacollonge and Roppe.