Bundesstraße 3

Template: Infobox trunk road / Maintenance / DE- B

State:

• Lower Saxony
• Hesse
• Baden-Wurttemberg

• In construction
• In planning
• Traffic control system

The Federal Highway 3 ( Abbreviation: B 3 ) is by the main road 2, the second longest national highway in Germany. It begins with Buxtehude, via Celle, Hannover, Göttingen, Kassel, Marburg, Gießen, Frankfurt am Main, Darmstadt, Heidelberg, Karlsruhe, Baden -Baden, Offenburg and Freiburg in the southwest of the Federal Republic and ends at Weil Otterbach to the state boundary to Switzerland, where she continues as the main road 3.

Through the construction of bypass roads contributes partially 3n the name highway. In Hesse, the evasions and new buildings bear the name Federal Highway 3a. In the section of Darmstadt to Wiesloch she wears the (additional) name Holiday road mountain road.

• 3.1 Substitutions in the past
• 3.2 B3n 3.2.1 Lower Saxony
• 3.2.2 Baden- Württemberg

History

Origin

The Federal Highway 3 runs along very old, in the Middle Ages of important trade routes. The Geleitstraße between Frankfurt am Main and Heidelberg belonged until 1461 to the Archbishopric of Mainz, then from 1461 to 1651 to Electoral Palatinate. In 1661, the archdiocese of Mainz and the Hesse- Darmstadt agreed on the division of revenue from road duty: The Archdiocese of Mainz organized the convoys on the section and Frankfurt Heppenheim at times the Frankfurt Trade Fair, Hesse- Darmstadt organized the convoys to the other times.

Expansion of road in the 18th century

Due to its importance, the mountain road was extended north and south of Heidelberg since 1759 for fixed road ( highway ). Since the drudgery of the surrounding communities did not produce the required quality for road construction, road construction workers from 1763 from the Allgäu were recruited. As of 1771, the sections were developed in the Breisgau to Art Street.

In North Germany, the leash valley road between Hanover and Göttingen was extended from 1768 to the highway. After Hamelin Road (now B217 ), this road is therefore the oldest street art in northern Germany. A decade later (1777 ) was expanded the section between Göttingen and Kassel also to the highway.

Then the section Hannover- Celle, which should be passed through the midst of the Great or Müggenburger Moor followed. Specifically, there arises the following picture: In order to guide the increased goods and people from south to north in safe paths, the government gave in Hanover in 1776, the planning commission for a new route and a paved road from Hanover to Celle. At the time, the freight teamsters, postmen and passengers had yet with a poorly developed post road that led over Ramlingen, Engensen and Both field to Hanover content.

1779 began with the construction of the leading of Hannover Altwarmbuchen, Kirchhorst Schillerslage to Celle highway. This had the inhabitants of all villages that were removed up to three miles of it, free of charge, make hand and clamping services. Until place you could fall back on the existing route of the army and post road Hannover- Burgdorf- Peine- Brunswick.

In the years 1779 to 1783 Burgdorf had remedy from his office area daily four two-horse carriage for clamping and ten men for the service manual. From Ramlingen all 17 incumbents were involved in road construction, they made a total of 443 clamping and 371 hand services at a nine- hour workday. End of 1781, the road was completed to Altwarmbuchen, so that already in 1782 the postal service of this new " post " could be passed. In 1783 it was reported by the completion of the line from the Hannover Posthof until Lister Tower. In a lease of 19 May 1784, the completion of the entire road is finally mentioned.

Wilhelm von Hassell speaks of early difficulties in further construction: " So it was, that not even the road from Hanover to Celle, whose beginning is still called by the old Celler high road ', was completed and that the continued construction of the same in the three directions: to Brunswick, to Lüneburg and Harburg after barely make it past the first beginnings ".

During the construction of the training area of Bergen extends over the training ground part of the road had to be relocated. Between Wardböhmen and the exit Soltau -Süd A 7 was 1936/37, built in parallel outside the square a new route. The old route uses the military for training purposes.

In the 1950s, the federal highway 3 was in the section between Dibbersen and Norten -Hardenberg as one of the most dangerous and accident-prone highways in the former Federal Republic. This was attributable not only the ever- increasing traffic on this route, but also the lack of any bypasses and especially the very poor road conditions.

On 7 May 2010 a faithful replica of a historic milestone was inaugurated on the traffic island in front of the houses Ehlers station.

Earlier routes and designations

Today's Federal Highway 3 crosses many formerly independent countries in which the name of the road was highly variable.

In the electorate of Hesse, the 1831 is arranged as a main street first class road was designated as north of Kassel Gottingen Street and south of Kassel as Frankfurter Straße.

The road from Frankfurt am Main to Basel in 1901 as Grand Ducal Baden State Road No. 1, 1907 but referred to as Highway No. 1 Frankfurt -Basel.

In the original numbering 1932, the then highway 3 ( FVS 3), renamed in 1934 in National Highway 3 (R 3), via Hamburg to about today's route out Lübeck. This northernmost stretch was in 1937 part of the extended Reichsstrasse 75th

Characteristics

While the B 3 more runs straight north and partly as between Celle and Hanover is expanded highway-like and even as Messeschnellweg together with the A 37 and B 6 is used, it is south of Hanover narrow and curvy.

From Göttingen to Kassel B 3 is strongly curved. The course is, however, very scenic, especially along the Fulda between Hann. Munden and Kassel.

Also bendy she is between Borken and Marburg. This route is also used by many trucks, for which the B 3 represents a ( toll-free ) shortcut between Kassel and Giessen and Frankfurt am Main, which has become a heavy burden for the residents of the villages situated on the B 3. In October 2006, a Ban on Truck over twelve tons was enforced. Same time, each expansion was omitted after the generalized standard until 2007. A new track alignment in 2008 was not in the plan approval. The through traffic ban applies to the B 3 from junction Borken the A 49 to the junction with the main road at 62 Coelbe.

In a judgment of the Administrative Court in Kassel, in November 2009, this HGV ban was lifted.

From the 1970s until the late 1990s, the section from there on Marburg was partially extended to the junction with the A485 at casting as a four-lane highway like road. In the city of Marburg, the track runs in the area of ​​the station for a length of about 800 m elevated as high street. On the basis of arguments about the environmental impact, there were repeated interruptions of the expansion and to a stay of a dual expansion gap of 4.6 km at Weimar ( Lahn) between the hamlets Niederweimar and Roth ( Lahn), but closed on 11 May 2011 has been.

Sections of the B 3 is south of Karlsruhe relocated (see section B3n ). Since July 20, 2009, the B 3 Bad Krozingen deal on a new, leading south-east to the spa town around Ring Road.

Substitutions

Replacements in the past

In the city of Hanover, the Federal Highway 3 was partially replaced by the federal highway 37; from Weidetorkreisel to just behind the city limits.

From Kassel to just behind Borken it was replaced at about 40 km through the Federal Highway 49, which was built between Kassel and Gudensberg on the ancient route of the Federal Road 3 and between Gudensberg and Borken largely parallel to it.

In the area of the city pouring the highway 3 to the Federal Highway 485 was expanded.

Between Egelsbach and the Offenbacher Kreuz and since 1995 in the city of Frankfurt am Main between Friedberger Landstraße and the Preungesheimer triangle State Road 3 via the federal highway 661 The latter section was referred to it between 1995 and 2001 as the Federal Highway 3a.

B3n

Template: Infobox trunk road / Maintenance / DE- B

State:

• Lower Saxony
• Baden-Wurttemberg

As a federal road 3n road sections are officially designated to replace as bypasses the old B3. They are, however, usually posted as a B3. Currently there are three sections that are referred to as B3n.

Lower Saxony

In Lower Saxony there are two B 3n - sections.

On 8 July 2009 the work on a combination of construction in progress to the A 26 B 73 began in New Wulmstorf (east of Buxtehude ) The leg section was released on 11 July 2011 for the traffic. It runs from Ovelgönne / New Wulmstorf branching off from the B 73 and leads over the railway line Hamburg- Cuxhaven for L 235 south Rübke as a feeder for future motorway junction New Wulmstorf. The new road is called B 3neu and ends about 3 km east of the recent commencement of the B 3 A direct merger with B 3 direction Elstorf is planned. In the approval process for this 2.8 km long section will be developed up to the second quarter of 2014 a preferential option for the route guidance. Furthermore, a continuation as a western bypass Elstorf and reconnection to the B 3 at the level of K 31 / K 52 (Rose Garden Road ) in planning and part of the road project proposals for the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2015.

The second construction project is the bypass east of Celle by with a length of 23.7 km. Thus, the through traffic at Celle bypasses attributable stops at traffic lights in the city center and the ongoing traffic jams during rush hour can be prevented. Construction began in early 2007, they are divided into five phases of construction. The first section "south to north Celle Ehlershausen " with the local bypass Adelheid village, connection to Nienhagen and Celle- Westercelle (length 7.4 km ) was completed in June 2009. The second section is the " southern part of Celle Celle local bypass " with a length of 3.2 km. He starts in the area Westercelle, on the old B 3, crosses the Fuhse and hits east of Celle on the federal highway 214 in the district Altencelle. This section was completed on June 20, 2013, and opened. Construction stage three is the " middle part Celle Celle OU " (5,2 km ). This runs between Celle and Celle- Altencelle, crosses north of Altencelle the Aller, passes to the northeast of Celle Celle- Lachtehausen and west of Celle- old Hagen and ends here on the B 191 On 2 October 2012, the Lower Saxony Higher Administrative Court of Lüneburg decided to sue the BUND in its judgment with suspensive effect that this phase of construction for the time being should not be started with the Allerquerung. After reviewing the plan approval documents stocks doubt whether the provisions of European nature conservation law have been considered for the protection of animals, plants and habitats sufficient. Section four with a length of 2.4 km, is the " northern part of OU Celle ". It begins at the B 191 and ends at the B 3 between Celle Celle and large Hehlen. The fifth and final part of " bypass United Hehlen " with a length of about 5.5 km, runs between Celle- Klein Hehlen and Celle- United Hehlen, then leads west past the large Hehlen and strikes north of the village on the B 3 exact routing west of Great Hehlen is still controversial. Currently there are four alternatives under discussion. This last phase of construction will be finished around 2015.

Baden-Wurttemberg

Sections of the B 3 south of Karlsruhe is laid. Thus, in Baden -Baden and Bühl exist now new routes that run parallel between the old route and the main road 36. Completed sections are for example the route to Baden -Baden (including junction A 5 Rastatt south) and a distance between Achern On Buhl to Steinbach. These are referred to as new B 3. While the old B 3 leads through the villages (eg, between -mentioned new sections due to non- existing gap closure in the field of community Sinzheim ), run past the new sections in the villages.

Further expansion

For some time in preparation is the western bypass of Hemmingen. But a ruling by the Federal Administrative Court of 9 June 2010, there is planning permission for this section of road. In August 2013, the Lower Saxony Minister of Economy Olaf Read explained that the bypass for the state of Lower Saxony have the highest priority of all federal highway measures. This was not the case with the previous government under McAllister. The Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development could place the needed 50 million euros to March [ deprecated] or April 2014 release.

In the spring of 2007 began between Marburg and Giessen with the four-lane expansion of the last two-lane section of 4.6 km between the Weimar districts Niederweimar and Roth. In November 2009, a section of the new road towards casting was completed. According to original plans, the B should be 3 from December 2010 to be four lanes open to traffic from Marburg to casting, which could not be realized due to the early onset of winter. The release of the new line was made on May 11, 2011.

After Western transfer between Frankfurt am Main, Bad Vilbel Karben and the construction work will now continue until Friedberg. There, the B 3 includes as bypass to the also a bit longer existing bypass part of Bad Nauheim. As the section from Frankfurt am Main to Karben it is first referred to as B 3a. In early 2009 several bridges had been built and concreted the road in summer 2009, the circumvention of Friedberg was completed. The section Friedberg to Wöllstadt located since November 12, 2012 under construction and is scheduled to end 2016Vorlage: Future / be completed in 2 years. From the end, exit at Karben to Wöllstadt the plans in 2009 had not yet been completed. Here the highway to meander through the middle of Karben and in the narrow circle around a residential area, which is ( Strassberg ) on a slope. Citizens' groups trying to influence the plans.

Truck toll

( A480 ) collected a truck toll Giessen Northern Cross - August 1, 2012, on the section Coelbe. In addition to the route Bad Vilbel - Preungesheimer triangle and two partial routes between Ehlershausen and Hanover.