Figueira da Foz
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Figueira da Foz [ fi'gɐiɾɐ dɐ fɔʃ ] (German: Feigenbaum at the mouth ), is a town in the district of Coimbra in Portugal, which is made up of seven municipalities or districts. The eponymous district comprises eleven other communities. In Portugal, the city is often called shortly Figueira, and abbreviated Fig.Foz, such as signposts.
- 9.1 circle
- 9.2 Demographics
- 9.3 Local holiday
- 9.4 Twin towns
Geography
The resort is located at the mouth of the Mondego river to the Atlantic Ocean, 40 kilometers west of the district capital, Coimbra and to the north, surrounded by hills of the Serra da Boa Viagem.
History
One of the founders of the Portuguese Archaeology, António dos Santos Rocha, was born in Figueira da Foz. Its collections form the basis of the Museu Municipal Santos Rocha. Today, 123 archaeological sites from the site and its surroundings are known. The present estuary of the Mondego, a kind of marshland, was probably up to the Iron Age, a reaching far inland bay which silted up later. At the edge of the bay and islands in the bay, people have already settled in the early Neolithic period, eg the middens Forno da Cal. From the Neolithic and Bronze Age megalithic some come. The most famous locality is Santa Olaia, a hill on the northern edge of the Mondegotals, who was already inhabited in the Neolithic period, but is famous for its existing to Roman times Iron Age settlement.
The name Figueira was first mentioned in a charter of 1237, but the church of São Julião much older. She was perhaps originally a monastery, believed to have been destroyed. Pinho Leal, a scholar of the 19th century, told of being destroyed by the Arabs in the year 717 Thus, the earliest mention of Figueira da Foz comes from the destruction of his first church by the Saracens With Bull of Pope Boniface IX in 1390 recognized. the rebuilt church of Figueira da Foz.
After pirate attacks the fortress of Santa Catarina in 1585 built on the Mondego estuary. In the earthquake of 1755, the newly built only since 1701 the main church of the city was completely destroyed.
On March 12, 1771 Figueira da Foz applicable to Vila ( town ).
1807 took the French general Junot Andoche during the French invasions also the area of Figueira da Foz, a. 1808 landed the British General Lord Wellington just there with his army and liberated the city.
In March 1882 Figueira da Foz charged to the city ( Cidade ). , And 1884 was opened here with the Casino Figueira, the first casino in the country.
1902 was the rally Figueira da Foz - Lisbon the first major automobile race held in the country.
With spurts end of the 19th century, from the 1930s, and since the 1950s, Figueira developed increasingly become a well known, regarded as sophisticated seaside resort in Portugal. So the place was early the subject of a series of film documentaries, and a wide variety of hotels and catering establishments emerged in place. Tourism was henceforth an important pillar of the local economy.
Culture and sights
The main attraction is the wide, sandy beaches on both sides of the Mondego, especially the wide city beach Praia da Claridade with the characteristic clock tower and the Grande Hotel of 1953. Opened in 2002, Centro de Artes e Espectáculos (CAE ) is an auditorium, cinema and exhibitions a cultural center of the city. Next door resided (regional ancient finds, ceramics, furniture, folk art from overseas, along with rotating art exhibitions) with the library and the photo library, the municipal museum Museu Municipal. The Fisheries and Maritime Museum Núcleo Museológico do Mar in Buarcos, the salt flats open air museum Núcleo Museológico do Sal in Lavos, the upper-class residential community Palácio Sotto Maior, or the Baroque mansion Paço de Maiorca in Maiorca are also cultural focal points, such as the municipal bullring in 1895. too with Delft tiles lined Casa do Paço and the urban market hall Mercado Municipal Engenheiro Silva with their steel construction from 1892 are considered to be worth seeing.
Opened in 1927, the also called Peninsular Casino Casino Figueira new, has been set up in the next game bank, restaurant, café Banquet hall and the second cinema in the city. Between 1972 and 2002, found here an international film festival (see List of film festivals in Portugal), after which the cinema has been operating as part of a comprehensive reform set.
The cape of Cabo Mondego was taken as an example of the Middle Jurassic in the list of Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points, an application for recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage site is provided. From there, the nature reserve Serra da Boa Viagem rises to up to almost 262 meters. Bike paths, nature trails and hiking trails run through the forest.
There will be annual Carnival parades, folklore festivals and big band parades along the beach promenade, Avenida 25 de Abril instead. Particularly noteworthy here is the City Festival S. João ( St.John ) on 24 June, with numerous events, exhibitions and the traditional " midnight swim " in the sea. It is known nationwide.
Sports
From 1997 to 2004, Figueira da Foz the venue of the Mundialito de Futebol de Praia, an international beach soccer tournament countries besides the Beach Soccer World Cup.
Also for the sport of surfing has Figueira importance ( last World Surf Championship 2010, and IFCA Slalom Worlds 2008).
Likewise Figueira is known among sailors. Thus, the 17th edition of Rally Portugal took place here in 2011, a race of World Cruising Club. In April 2013, a sailor and a Portuguese coast policeman died in the disaster of the Hamburg X442 " Meri Tuuli " in front of Figueira da Foz.
2009 was the city hosts the 84th International Six Day Trial, a Enduro sport motorcycle race, which is considered the world championship of the national teams.
The association Naval 1 º de Maio, founded in 1893 is the most important sports club in the city, especially its professional football team, which discharges their home games at Estádio Municipal José Bento Pessoa. There are also other clubs, particularly the Ginásio Clube Figueirense in 1895, including with its successful basketball and rowing departments.
The tennis club da Figueira da Foz was founded in 1917 and is located directly at the river mouth to the ramparts of Santa Catarina.
Various associations and municipal facilities regularly host city races, bicycle races and regattas. The cycle network at the beach and throughout the district will be expanded.
In Figueira there is with the Centro Hípico da Figueira da Foz, a national equestrian center, which now belongs to the Centro de Hípico Alcaria.
Media
There are two weekly newspapers of the city, O Figueirense ( founded in 1919 ) and A Voz da Figueira (1928 ). The daily As Beiras are reported daily via Figueira da Foz, where it is present with a local newsroom.
In Figueira all day sends a local radio channel, the Rádio Clube Foz do Mondego 99.1 FM.
Among the variety of internet sites on the web Figueira is to call www.figueiradigital.com that is linked to many important sites on the Location (city administration, events, tourism, transport, real estate, etc.).
Film
The city was repeatedly the scene of film productions. In addition to a series of documentaries here several movies were filmed, including A Promessa (1973, directed by António de Macedo ), Casino Oceano (1983, Director: Lauro António ), or Sinai de Fogo (1995, directed by Luís Filipe Rocha ).
From 1972, here one of the first film festivals in the country was organized. By 2002, this international films were shown at the Casino Peninsular and awarded the Prémio Glauber Rocha. The city also brought some significant film directors out, including João César Monteiro with one of the most famous names of the Portuguese film.
Today, movies are shown daily in the multiplex cinema shopping center Foz Plaza, during the Cultural Centro de Artes e Espectáculos is dedicated to the demanding film in its cinema program.
Economy
Important pillars of the local economy are tourism, yacht, fishing and cargo port, and a little textile and food industry. Of importance here is the meat producer Lusiaves.
Are important for Figueira, the two outlying paper mills Soporcel (since 1984 ) and the Altri daughter Celbi. The appliance manufacturers Sorefoz also one of the most important national companies of the circle.
Fishing and salt production are traditionally operated here have clearly lost over the years but in importance.
Until the 1970s, coal was mined at Cabo Mondego, now there breaks the Cimpor limestone for the production of calcium oxide on site.
The Saint- Gobain Mondego S. A. is a resident of Figueira subsidiary of Compagnie de Saint- Gobain, which under the brand name Verallia leads her glass divisions since 2010. Since 1987 she has in Fontela in a circle Figueira a glass factory, the former Vidreira because Fontela.
Traffic
Railway
The Figueira da Foz railway station is the terminus of the railway line connecting Coimbra with the Atlantic Ocean. Here the line Ramal da Figueira da Foz Furthermore ends after Pampilhosa and the Linha do Oeste Lisbon over Leiria.
Highway
The A14 runs from Coimbra to Figueira da Foz, the A17 runs from Marinha Grande on Figueira da Foz to Aveiro.
Bus
Figueira da Foz is integrated into the national bus network of speech Expressos.
Public transport
The municipal area is covered by buses of private enterprises in urban concession. Three lines drives the northern Portuguese company AVIC, more lines are from the companies Moisés ( Moisés Correia da Oliveira ) and operated by Tejo.
Management
Circle
Figueira da Foz is the seat of an eponymous district ( concelho ) in the district of Coimbra. June 30, 2011 had the circle 62 124 inhabitants in an area of 379 km ².
The neighboring districts are (clockwise starting from the north ): Cantanhede Montemor -o -Velho, Soure, and Pombal, adjoined by the Atlantic Ocean.
The following municipalities ( Freguesias ) lying in circle Figueira da Foz:
- Alhadas
- Alqueidão
- Bom Sucesso
- Borda do Campo
- Brenha
- Buarcos
- Ferreira -a-Nova
- Lavos
- Maiorca ( municipality of Figueira da Foz )
- Marinha das Ondas
- Moinhos because Gândara
- Paião
- Quiaios
- Santana ( municipality of Figueira da Foz )
- São Julião ( municipality Figueira da Foz )
- São Pedro ( municipality of Figueira da Foz )
- Tavarede ( municipality of Figueira da Foz )
- Vila Verde ( municipality of Figueira da Foz )
Demographics
Local holiday
- June 24
Twin Cities
Figueira da Foz maintains with the following cities twinned:
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the town
- Manuel Fernandes Tomás (1771-1822), politician and lawyer
- António dos Santos Rocha (1853-1910), archaeologist
- José Bento Pessoa (1874-1954), cyclist
- David de Sousa (1880-1918), musician
- João de Barros (1881-1960), writer, educator and politician
- Luís Wittnich Carrisso (1886-1937), botanist
- Carrington João da Costa (1891-1982), geologist and politician
- Joaquim de Carvalho (1892-1958), philosopher
- João Gaspar Simões (1903-1987), writer
- Mary Alice (1904-1996), the fado singer
- Francisco Horta, (1904-1970), political activist
- Cândido Costa Pinto (1911-1976), painter and graphic artist
- Manuel Rocha (1913-1981), Engineer
- Alberto Pessoa (1919-1985), architect
- João Augusto Dias Rosas ( * 1921 ), politician
- Carlos Galvão de Melo (1921-2008), officer of the Carnation Revolution
- Vitor Figueiredo (1929-2004), architect
- Alves Barbosa ( born 1931 ), cyclist
- João César Monteiro (1934-2003), film director, screenwriter and actor
- Camilo de Oliveira ( born 1934 ), actor
- Carlos Saboga (* 1936), screenwriter, director and film critic
- Eduardo Nery (1938-2013), painter
- António Duarte Silva (1941-2011), politician
- Graça Pires ( born 1946 ), writer
- João Mário Grilo (born 1958 ), film director
- António Durães ( born 1961 ), theater director
- Gonçalo Cadilhe (* 1968), travel writer
- Afonso Cruz (born 1971 ), writer, animation director, illustrator and musician
- Ticha Penicheiro ( b. 1974 ), basketball player
- Rui Cordeiro (born 1976 ), rugby player
- Jorge Pelicano ( born 1977 ), a TV cameraman and film director
- Nuno Camarneiro (* 1977), writer
- Ricardo Moreira ( b. 1982 ), handball players
- Hugo Almeida ( born 1984 ), football player
- Suzy, singer, represented Portugal at the Euro Vision Song Contest 2014
- Isa Cardoso (* 1991), fado singer
Associated with the city of personalities
The conservative, scandalous politicians Pedro Santana Lopes began in 1997 with his election as mayor of Figueira da Foz his second political career that eventually brought him to the office of Prime Minister.
The popular singer Tony Carreira began in 1988 with a music competition at the Casino Figueira his career.
Nelson Carrera, a rockabilly musician who lives and works since his departure from France in 1992 in Figueira da Foz.
Also Maria Olguim, a popular actress of the high phase of the Portuguese film of the 40s, died here in 1984.
Other personalities who died here:
- Francisco José Fernandes Costa, politician and Republican Prime Minister († 1925)
- João António Saraiva da Silva, Bishop of Coimbra ( † 1976)
- António Campos, Film Director († 1999)