Manchester City F.C.
Manchester City ( officially: Manchester City Football Club ) - also known as The Citizens - is a football club based in Manchester. After its founding in 1880 as West Gorton Saint Marks the club played from 1887 under the name Ardwick AFC and then moved to the Hyde Road, before 1894, the final name of Manchester City FC arose. The club won the English championship three times, five FA Cups, the League Cup twice and once the European Cup Winners' Cup. They currently play in the Premier League and have spent most of their history in this top league. The official mascot of the association are the aliens ' Moon Chester "and" Moonbeam ". In September 2009, Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan acquired by his company ADUG all shares of Manchester City.
History
In 1892 the club joined A.F.C. as Ardwick the English Football League as a founding member of the Second Division, the then second division, at. Financial difficulties in the 1893/94 season led to a fundamental restructuring and renaming of the club in Manchester City with simultaneous registration of a company as Manchester City Football Club Limited on 16 April 1894.
By winning the second division championship in 1899, the club was able to record his first success. In 1904, followed by the final victory against Bolton Wanderers in the FA Cup, the first major title. 1923 Manchester City moved into its new stadium at Maine Road in Moss Side, Manchester.
Manchester City won the first English championship in 1937. The FA Cup final of 1956, which 3:1 won Manchester City against Birmingham City, is still regarded as one of the most remarkable finals of all time, because the former goalkeeper Bert Trautmann the game played despite a broken cervical vertebra to the end. The second league title followed in 1968 and marked the beginning of a very successful era in which between the late 1960s and early 1970s under manager Joe Mercer and his assistant Malcolm Allison, team captain Tony Book and the strikers Francis Lee, Colin Bell and Mike Summerbee trophy collection has been significantly expanded. The most significant European success was about 1970, winning the European Cup Winners' Cup, when the club Gornik Zabrze to the Polish representatives defeated in the finals of Vienna 2-1.
In the subsequent period the club suffered a long period of failure, and Manchester City rose in the 1980s, twice from the top league from. Although at this stage in two consecutive years under manager Peter Reid each fifth place was won in the top division, this did not alter the fundamentally negative trend until the 1990s, and in 1998 led to the absolute low point, when the club even first relegation to the third tier.
The decline led to a lot of turmoil off the pitch, and a new chairman took over the club. City succeeded in the first attempt to rise again after it was defeated in a dramatic play-off of Gillingham FC. At the same time plans were announced to move to a new stadium and thus spread for the first time after a long time an optimistic atmosphere. The direct promotion to the first division after only a second league season then turned out to be too early for the still recovering club, and had relegation in the 2000 /01 season result. Kevin Keegan took over the sporting management of the team and had immediate success, as the club won the second division championship with a record in terms of points and goals scored within one season. The last season in the old stadium at Maine Road could therefore be taken in the major league.
One of the highlights of last season in the old Maine Road stadium, which has since been demolished after a hit by Nicolas Anelka and two goals from Shaun Goater was the 3-1 win in the derby against Manchester United, of a 13-year winless time ended against local rivals. In 2003, Manchester City moved into the City of Manchester Stadium, a newly constructed and leased by the club venue in the east of Manchester with 48,000 seats to. The first season in the new stadium ended with the ninth place in the final table and qualifying for the UEFA Cup via the fair play rules of UEFA.
Prior to the 2002/03 season the club Anelka pledged British pounds for 13.5 million. This was a further indication of the unusually rapid rise from third-division club in 1999 to a club which only a short time later a large stadium possessed, took part in a European competition and world-class player had in his squad. In February of 2005, the auditing firm Deloitte & Touche classified the club one among the world's richest clubs in 16th place.
In 2007, the controversial former Prime Minister of Thailand Thaksin Shinawatra acquired the major share of the club. In September 2008, he sold his shares took back to an investment company from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi for about 185 million euros. In the following years, Manchester City took a steep upswing. The season 2010/11 brought with rank 3, the best finish in the Premier League and the associated first-time qualification for the Champions League. In April 2011, we succeeded with a playoff victory against Stoke City winning the FA Cup, the first national title since 1976. In the 2011/12 season Manchester City won after 44 years for the third time the English Championship. In the season 12/13 reached City, behind city rivals Manchester United, in second place.
On May 11, 2013 Manchester City lost the final of the FA Cup against Wigan Athletic 0-1, although City was considered a favorite before the game. Three days later, coach Roberto Mancini was relieved of his duties because he, except for the direct Champions League qualification, missed all targets. On June 14, 2013 were Manuel Pellegrini, former coach of Málaga, confirmed as the new head coach. The Football Competition Barclays Asia Trophy 2013 Manchester City won thanks to the winning goal by Edin Džeko against AFC Sunderland. After winning the League Cup in 2014 City eliminated in the FA Cup 2013/14 as last year against Wigan Athletic with 1:2 in the quarterfinals.
Finances
2012
In fiscal 2012, the club earned 285.6 million euros in sales, of which 75 million euros in television money. So Man City stands in 7th place in the ranking list of the largest clubs in Europe. 2011 continued the club a loss of 228 million euros (194 million pounds ), never in the history of English football had booked a larger negative within one year a club. 2012 the loss was reduced to 99 million pounds. With 202 million pound salaries spending Manchester City has the highest total in England, the wage bill so that no more than 87 % of total sales in 2012. 's Net debt amounted in the same year 58 million pounds.
Composition of revenues ( 231 million pounds ) of 2012:
- Ticket sales and Matchday revenues: 22 million pounds
- TV broadcasting rights: 88 million pounds
- Marketing & sponsorship: 121 million pounds
In the investment policy pursued owner Mansour with the conversion of its interest-free shareholder loans into equity a so-called " accelerated investment strategy ." In future issues should be covered by appropriate receipts. Only 18 months after the takeover of the club Mansour has invested 440 million euros. At the end of the 2011/12 season, this total increased to 900 million euros. Mansour is its investment policy as a long-term project, at the end of the club should stand on its own feet financially. In order not to violate the Financial Fair Play rules, Mansour was like a part of the losses so far out of his own pocket. 2012 was the club's management is known to curb the "aggressive transfer policy " of recent years and plan to focus on youth work. Critics claim Mansour would by like Etihad Airways let money get sponsors, violate the guidelines of the UEFA Financial Fair Play, as is true of these sponsors to the club money paid as income. The fixed ten-year contract with Etihad Airways to bring Man City 466 million euros.
From 2007 to 2012 Man City paid about 720 million euros for the access of 164 players. However, they have taken on the disposal of 174 players about 160 million euros. This results in a loss of 560 million euro transfer fee.
2013
For the year to end of May 2013 City was able to reduce its loss to 52 million pounds, since the revenues could be increased to 271 million pounds. The association expects despite the heavy losses trying to follow the regulations of the Financial fair play, as a derogation on player salaries exist that have been agreed before 2010.
Curiosities
In the season 1957/58 Manchester City scored 104 goals in the First Division, but also conceded 100 goals. That was the only time in the history of the league that a team scored more than 100 goals as both also got. The club is also the only club to date, then the descent as the reigning English champions a year. This fate befell the club in 1938. During the season 2011/12, the championship was on the final day after a 1:2 residue against Queens Park Rangers only two goals in stoppage time ( 92 minute ( Džeko ) and 94 minutes ( Aguero ) ) won.
Club colors and crest
The club colors and thus the play clothes at home games are light blue and white. The traditional away kit is either chestnut- colored or red and black, in the recent past, several other types of colors were used.
The current club crest was created in 1997 after the previous coat of arms was found to be unsuitable for registration as a trademark. The coat of arms is based on the arsenal of the city of Manchester and shows a sign in front of a golden eagle. On the upper half of the shield a ship is shown that the Manchester Ship Canal represents. The lower half shows three diagonal stripes. The lower part of the coat of arms adorns the Latin motto Superbia in Proelia, which translates as Pride in combat means. Above the eagle and the shield are three stars to see who the purely decorative nature and do not constitute championship stars.
Stadium
After the club was founded Manchester City played in five different stages, with the stadium to a permanent establishment was found in 1887 at the Hyde Road. 1920, the grandstand in the Hyde Road was destroyed by fire, and in 1923 a new stadium in the Maine Road was purchased. At the end of the 2002/03 season the club from the Maine Road moved into the City of Manchester Stadium, a stadium in East Manchester with 48,000 seats, which was at that time high- to-date and that he from the town of Manchester to the Commonwealth Games 2002 acquired.
Since the move, the club has invested 35 million British pounds in the development of the stadium and the lowering of the pitch, also added another row around the whole place and built the new North Stand.
The new stadium was opened with a 2-1 victory over the top Spanish club FC Barcelona, with Nicolas Anelka and Trevor Sinclair scored two goals.
Fan culture
The Annex proved his extraordinary loyalty, especially in the difficult years. Despite the decline in two consecutive seasons in the late 90's constant 32,000 spectators arrived at the sold-out games and braved the low quality of opposing teams and presented lower class football. This loyalty was markedly different from other big clubs such as Sunderland, who, running into sporty turbulence, always complains about a big drop in support for up to 20,000 fans.
The preferred song of the fans is the song Blue Moon, which will be carried forward in spite of the melancholy theme with great enthusiasm as the anthem.
In the late 1980s, City fans started to bring inflatable objects to matches, preferably bananas. Its origin had this fashion in the game against West Bromwich Albion, as the chants after the introduction of Imre Varadi Imre Banana Einwechselspielers responded. Pictures of bleachers with numerous fans that pivot inflatable objects that were characteristic signs of the season 1988 / 89th The highlight was the game Manchester City against Stoke City on December 26, 1988, which was proclaimed by fan magazines to a costume party.
Followers
Liam and Noel Gallagher (formerly Oasis ), the musician Rick Wakeman and Ryan Adams, The- Cult guitarist Billy Duffy, The Fall frontman Mark E. Smith, the former drummer Alan " Reni " Wren of The Stone Roses, Ex- Smiths drummer Mike Joyce, Mike Pickering of M People, the bassist for the band James Jim Glennie, ex- Take That singer Jason Orange and the- Chameleons - singer Mark Burgess are avowed fans of Manchester City. The late Joy Division singer Ian Curtis and the also deceased by New Order producer and co - partner of former legendary Manchester club scene The Haçienda, Rob Gretton, were also fanatical followers. Ex - Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr, The Durutti Column Vini Reilly mastermind and A Certain Ratio bassist and vocalist Jez Kerr completed in their youth tryouts for the club. In addition, members of the band Doves and Badly Drawn Boy are holders of season tickets. Badly Drawn Boy and Doves adopted with their concert after the last game against FC Southampton in Maine Road Stadium, the old venue and thus marked the move to the new stadium, while Oasis in both Maine Road as well as at the City of Manchester Stadium concerts in front of 180,000 fans over three evenings were. The radio entertainer Mark Radcliffe & Marc Riley (aka Mark & Lard ), music journalist Paul Morley and Stuart Hall are just as her life supporters of the club as the comedian Eddie Large, Chris Sievey (aka Frank Sidebottom ) and Bernard Manning, the playwright Trevor Griffiths and the British celebrity photographer Kevin Cummins. Much of the Coronation Street TV crews suppressed Man City traditionally the thumb. For professing long time fans include the actor David Threlfall, Jackie Chan, Alan Carr, Craig Cash, John Henshaw and James Bond actor Timothy Dalton, the former derivatives trader and Barings Bank bankrupt Nick Leeson, the businessman, Michael O'Leary, the former England rugby union players Will Greenwood, the former deputy director of the Bank of England Sir Howard Davies, the English cricketer Andrew Flintoff, the English tennis star Liam Broady, the British American Football professional Menelik Watson ( Oakland Raiders ) and the English snooker player Nigel Bond. The boxer Ricky " The Hitman" Hatton is also a fan of Manchester City; his father was a former player of the club. Hatton always wears the coat of arms of the club on his coat, and his shorts are in the club colors. In addition, he enters the ring to the club song Blue Moon.
Achievements
- English Champion 1937, 1968, 2012
- English runners 1904, 1921, 1977, 2013
- English second division champions 1899, 1903, 1910, 1928, 1947, 1966, 2002
- English second division runners-up 1896, 1951, 1989, 2000
- FA Cup winners 1904, 1934, 1956, 1969, 2011
- League Cup winners 1970, 1976, 2014
- Charity Shield winner 1937, 1968, 1972, 2012
- Full Members Cup finalist 1986
- European Cup Winners Cup Winners' Cup 1970
Excellence
Squad of the 2013/14 season
Transfers for season 2013/14
Summer 2013
- Martín Demichelis (Atlético Madrid)
- Fernandinho ( Shakhtar Donetsk )
- Stevan Jovetić (ACF Florence)
- Jesús Navas ( FC Sevilla)
- Álvaro Negredo (FC Sevilla)
Summer 2013
- Gareth Barry ( Everton, loan )
- Wayne Bridge ( Reading FC )
- Maicon ( AS Roma )
- Abdul Razak ( Anzhi Makhachkala )
- Roque Santa Cruz ( FC Málaga)
- Scott Sinclair (West Bromwich Albion, on loan )
- Carlos Tévez (Juventus Turin)
- Kolo Touré ( FC Liverpool)
Winter 2014
- John Guidetti (Stoke City, loan )
Number 23
Since 2003, Manchester City has not assigned the shirt number 23. It was retired in honor of Marc -Vivien Foe, who was under contract at Manchester City and was on loan from Olympique Lyon. Foe died during a international match of the Cameroonian national team.
Manchester City Hall of Fame
The following individuals were inducted into the Hall of Fame of Manchester City since 2004.
Malcolm Allison, Ken Barnes, Colin Bell, Tony Book, Eric Brook, Roy Clarke, Joe Corrigan, Sam Cowan, Peter Doherty, Mike Doyle, Shaun Goater, Johnny Hart, Tommy Johnson, Paul Lake, Francis Lee, Joe Mercer, Billy Meredith, Alan Oakes, Roy Paul, Niall Quinn, Uwe Rösler, Mike Summerbee, Frank Swift, Fred Tilson, Ernie Toseland, Bert Trautmann, Alex Williams, Neil Young
Former coach
(in brackets the respective term of office is specified, was omitted here on the leadership of interim coaches )
- Frederick Hopkinson (1880-1882)
- Edward Kitchen (1884-1887)
- Walter Chew (1887-1889)
- Lawrence Furniss (1889-1893)
- Joshua Parlby (1893-1895)
- Samuel Ormerod (1895-1902)
- Thomas Maley (1902-1906)
- Harry Newbould (1906-1912)
- Ernest Mangnall (1912-1924)
- David George Ashworth (1924-1925)
- Albert Alexander (1925-1926)
- Peter Hodge (1926-1932)
- Wilfred Wild (1932-1946)
- Samuel Cowan (1946-1947)
- John Ross Thomson (1947-1950)
- Leslie McDowall (1950-1963)
- George Henry Poyser (1963-1965)
- Joe Mercer (1965-1971)
- Malcolm Allison (1971-1973)
- John P. Hart ( 1973)
- Ron Saunders (1973-1974)
- Anthony K. Book (1974-1979)
- Malcolm Allison (1979-1980)
- John Bond (1980-1983)
- John Harvey Benson (1983 )
- William McNeill (1983-1986)
- James Letson Frizzell (1986-1987)
- Melvyn Machin (1987-1989)
- Howard Kendall (1989-1990)
- Peter Reid (1990-1993)
- Brian Horton (1993-1995)
- Alan Ball (1995-1996)
- Steve Coppell (1996 )
- Frank Clark (1996-1998)
- Joe Royle (1998-2001)
- Kevin Keegan (2001-2005)
- Stuart Pearce (2005-2007)
- Sven- Göran Eriksson (2007-2008)
- Mark Hughes (2008-2009)
- Roberto Mancini (2009-2013)
- Manuel Pellegrini (since 2013)
Records
- Record victory in the championship: 11:3 against Lincoln City ( 23 March 1895)
- Record victory in the FA Cup: 12-0 against Liverpool Stanley ( 4 October 1890)
- Record defeat in the championship: 1:9 against FC Everton ( 3 September 1906)
- Record defeat in the FA Cup: 0:6 against Preston North End (January 1897)
- Record number of spectators: 84 569 against Stoke City ( 3 March 1934)
- Most games in the championship: Alan Oakes ( 561 three brief appearances, 1958-1976 )
- Total record player: Alan Oakes ( 668 four short assignments, 1958-1976 )
- Total Top scorer: Eric Brook (178, 1928-1940 )
- Top scorer in a season: Tommy Johnson (38, 1928 /29)
Top 10 by appearances and goals
(As of 18 December 2010; are given all mandatory games and gates )