Toyota Publica

The Toyota Publica ( also 1000 Toyota and Daihatsu Consorte ) was a small car, the Japanese car manufacturer Toyota built from 1961 to 1978. It was designed as a family car for the fulfillment of the "National Automobile concept" and at the time was the smallest Toyota. After his attitude took over the starlet, who started as a version of the Publica itself, this role. The Publica always had only 2/3 doors, but was available in a number of body styles: sedan, convertible, wagon and pick-up. The latter survived the other versions around for a decade and spawned other models, like the Sports 800 or MiniAce.

• 2.1 pronunciation of the name in Japanese
• 2.2 Further development of the UP10 series

• 4.1 New model, new engine, new image
• 4.2 Publications SL and Daihatsu Consorte
• 4.3 Facelifts and Starlet
• 4.4 Toyota 1000

Development

The MITI National Car Concept

The origins of the Publica can be traced back to the " national car " concept of the omnipotent Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry ( MITI), which was promulgated in 1955. This concept called for a vehicle that met the following requirements: Maximum speed over 100 km / h weight under 400 kg, fuel consumption of no more than 3.33 l / 100 km at an average speed of 60 km / h on a level road, and in particular a route of at least 100,000 km without major repairs.

Realization

Eiji Toyoda favored for this car originally the front-wheel drive, but it turned out that this type of drive was technically too complicated for the Toyota engineers the car within the required time period would have been able to complete. So they decided on a front engine and a conventional rear wheel drive. Although the government had announced that vehicles with an engine capacity of less than 500 cc would decisively favorable tax, Toyota decided that would give too little power for use on the highway the car such a small engine and lay down on a displacement of 700 cc fixed. The result was a two-cylinder boxer engine with 697 cc overhead valve, the (21 kW) produced 28 bhp and Toyota U engine was called. Fortunately for Toyota, the government did not realize their car tax plans.

The new car was a 2 -door sedan body and could accommodate four people and a substantial amount of luggage, so that the requirements and expectations were fulfilled the customers. The front wheels were independently suspended by double wishbones, the rigid rear axle on semi-elliptic leaf springs.

Publica UP10

Toyota Publica UP10 (1961 )

The new car was given the internal designation UP10 and trade names Publica. He has sold over a completely new dealer network that does not match the previous "Toyota" - was identical and " Toyopet " dealers. The sale began in June 1961 at a base price of 389,000 - ¥. Initially, the car was very basic; there was not even a heater or a radio. This made the car less popular with customers; they wanted more luxury.

Pronunciation of the name in Japanese

The name " Publica " was selected as an appeal to the English expression "public car" (car for the public) and should draw attention to the popularity of the desired car. However, because the consonants "r" and "l " can be distinguished only insufficient in Japanese, the name was sometimes referred to as " Pabrika " misinterpreted, leading to an undesirable association with paprika.

Further development of the UP10 series

In 1962, a 3 - door station wagon to and derived from the original model Sports 800 ( which was initially marketed as the Publica Sports ) debuted at the Tokyo Motor Show. 1963 Toyota additionally offered a Deluxe version, which was referred to internally as UP10D. The luxury equipment consisted of fold-down front seats, heating and radio, as well as various chrome strip. The previous base model was now called Standard. The Deluxe came at last on more customer interest, and when he was offered in the same year a convertible, the sales figures on the projected level of 3,000 left - 4,000 increase per month. As of February 1964, pickup truck was also offered and in September of the same year the engine power was increased to 32 bhp ( 23.5 kW). The deluxe facilities were now available for the wagon.

Publica UP20

Toyota Publica UP20 Cabriolet ( 1967)

1966 Toyota offered a revised Publica series, which was called UP20. The new engine had 800 cc and made 36 bhp ( 26.5 kW). The new engine was known as 2U. The convertible was delivered with two petrol engine of the Sports 800, which developed 45 bhp (33 kW). Since October, the dealer no longer called " Publications " but " Toyota Publica " and the selling price of the car sank in 1967 to 359,000, - ¥. 1, - U.S. $ equivalent at that time 360, - ¥, so the car Toyota marketed as "1000 dollar car ".

In 1966, Toyota also the Toyota MiniAce, a Cabover vans, out, was based on the Publica UP20. 1968 transferred to the production of the station wagon to Hino Motors, after this company was taken over by Toyota. In the same year the " Super Publica " was introduced, which was equipped with the engine of the Sports 800.

Publication UP/KP30 / Daihatsu Consorte

Toyota Publica ( 1969)

New model, new engine, new image

1969 came out a completely new generation of the Publica. Although the least expensive models retained the 2U engine of its predecessor, but the other models received the new, water-cooled four -cylinder inline engine 2K with 1,000 cc displacement, a smaller version of contemporary Corolla engine, which had 1100 cc displacement. The pickup version was now officially way. The market situation in Japan was changed by rapidly rising demand, as the " baby boomers " of the post-war years were now of age and their licenses were doing. The Corolla was established as a family car and the Publica was no longer offered as a "public car", but as an entry level for new drivers.

Publications SL and Daihatsu Consorte

1969 Publication dealers were renamed " Toyota Corolla " dealers and Publica SL with the 1.1 -liter Toyota - KB engine with two carburettors from the Corolla SL came out. In the following year the 1.2 -liter Toyota -3K -B engine replaced the 1.1 L in Publica SL and SL Corolla. Because Toyota had just started working with Daihatsu, came out in 1969 as the former Daihatsu Consorte, but proved to be only slightly in styling revised KP30 Publica. The car was initially driven by Daihatsu 1.0L engine in several other models of the manufacturer, for example, the Compagno was used.

Facelifts and Starlet

In 1970, the series has been slightly revised and received a new dashboard and a new 'High '' Deluxe version with a 1.2 liter Einvergasermotor and front disc brakes. A clearer facelift took place in 1972 when the KP30 Publica, a new front and a new rear got. The production of the U- engine was stopped because of the air-cooled boxer could no longer meet the new emission regulations. In 1973, a Publica Starlet ( KP40 internally ) was introduced, a coupe version of the revised Publica. This model was produced until 1978 and then replaced by the KP60, which was sold as a Toyota Starlet. The Publication pickup was still produced until 1988. He later received the Toyota 3K and 4K -J engines with 1,160 cc or 1,290 cc.

Toyota 1000

The Toyota 1000 ( the name was derived by the displacement) was shortly after the founding of Toyota Germany - representation in 1971, the entry-level model for the German market in the small car class. Only after the introduction of the P40 Publica Starlet 1973 in Japan was the 1000 sold in 1974 in Germany with unusually complete equipment, such as radial tires, front head restraints, tinted glass, heated rear window and even a radio. In most markets, there was the Toyota -1000 - model range from 2-door sedan, 3 -door wagon and two -door pickup. In South Africa, there was another pickup with 1,166 cc engine, type Toyota 3K to do so. Due to the time of his inadequate rust preventive, poor noise insulation and the stigma of being a Japanese, the car remained rather exotic. There are only a few examples that are as good as any in collectors' hands. In 1978, the Toyota 1000 - available as a sedan and wagon - replaced in Europe by the Starlet P60, only the 1000 pickup was built parallel to August 1988 on.

The car was available as:

Abroad as