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Heads of State

Year of the Earth Rat壬子( at the beginning of the year Metal Pig辛亥)

Syria: 1563/64 ( the year in October )

Events

Politics and World Affairs

Europe

  • Alfonso X becomes King of Castile and Leon.

Foundations, civic rights and Ersturkundliche mentions

  • Founding of the city of Chania, instead of the ancient Cydonia in Crete
  • First mention of Aesch BL, Etziken, Gorgier and King Bach
  • Stockholm is founded.
  • Klagenfurt and Hasselt received municipal rights.

Economy

  • Florence dominates the first gold florins, the Fiorino d' Oro.

Science and Technology

  • To 1252: At the request of Alfonso X of Castile and León is started in Toledo with the production of Alfonsine Tables, an astronomical work with tables for calculating the position of Sun, Moon and the five classical planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.

Religion

  • April 6: Peter of Verona, the papal inquisitor for Como and Milan, is murdered because of his strict action against the Cathars.
  • MAY 15: Pope Innocent IV published the Papal Bull Ad Extirpanda, one of the most important basic writings of the Inquisition, in which the use of torture is explicitly permitted.
  • Thomas Aquinas leaves the Cologne Dominican Convent (see 1248 ) and teaches in Paris.
  • Rutebeuf speaks in Mendikantenstreit (, University of Paris dispute ' until 1266 ) against the mendicant orders and defended William of Saint Amour.
  • Jacobus de Voragine is a lecturer of theology in Genoa.
  • The Great Buddha of Kamakura is built.
  • In Ireland, the monastery Kinalehin is founded.

Born

Died

  • JANUARY 22: Isabella, Princess of Armenia (* 1219 )
  • January: Bohemond V, Prince of Antioch and Count of Tripoli
  • FEBRUARY 20: Amice de Montfort, French monastery founder
  • MARCH 6: Rosa of Viterbo, Catholic mystic (* 1233 )
  • March 6: Sigurd Eindridesson Tafse, Norwegian Archbishop (* 12th century )
  • 3 / 4 Mai: Gunther von Wüllersleben, eighth Grand Master of the Teutonic Order since 1249
  • May 30: Ferdinand III, as Ferdinand II, King of Castile and Ferdinand III. . King of Spain (* 1199 )
  • 9 June: Otto I, the first Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg from 1235 (* 1204)
  • June 29: Abel, from 1232 Duke of Schleswig from 1250 and King of Denmark (* 1218 )
April 2014 List of centuries 11th century 15th century 1210s 1220s 1240s 1260s 1270s 1280s 1290s 1242 1247 1257 1262 Kamakura, Kanagawa Armenian calendar Vikram Samvat Buddhist calendar Sexagenary cycle Dai people Iranian calendars Coptic calendar Malayalam calendar December 27 Albert IV, Count of Tyrol Meinhard I, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol Bernhard von Spanheim Kydonia Aesch, Basel-Landschaft Zwartewaterland Dominican Order Rose of Viterbo Mysticism May 4 Teutonic Knights Ferdinand III of Castile June 9 August 1 1245 1185 December 15 December 16 Henry I, Count of Anhalt Counts of Vianden Zdislava Berka
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