Primorsky Krai
45.5135Koordinaten: 45 ° 30 'N, 135 ° 0' O
The Primorsky Krai (Russian Приморский край / Primorsky krai ) is an administrative region ( krai) in Russia. Primorsky means " by the sea " and refers to the situation in the region.
Geography
The region is located in the extreme southeast of Russia in the Sea of Japan. It borders China and North Korea and the Khabarovsk region in the north. The surface of the region is mountainous, it is largely taken from the Sikhote -Alin Mountains, more than 80% is forested. There are numerous short rivers, the longest is the Ussuri River, which forms the border with China. On both sides of the border is the 4,000 km ² Khanka.
Population
Rising death rates and declining birth rates have led as in many other regions of Russia, to a decline in population. The population is very unevenly divided, one third of the region is uninhabited. The population consists mainly of Russians, are found in the cities of Russia German, Tatars and Koreans. The indigenous population (including Nanaier, Udehe and Oroken ) occupies less than 1%.
History
Vorrussische time
Paläosibirische peoples inhabited the area for at least 30,000 years. In historical times, the area belonged first to Goguryeo, a Korean government. 698 was the Korean- Manchurian state Balhae ( Bohai ) in the field, this existed until 936 in the 11th and 12th centuries was the empire of the Jurchen. Emerged at this time trade relations to China, Japan and Korea. Subsequently, the region fell into oblivion.
Russia
However, the first Russians arrived in the 17th century, to a greater extent after 1860, when the Russian- Chinese border along the rivers Amur and Ussuri has been set. In the same year was Vladivostok ( in German " Rule the East" ) founded and until 1917, around 250,000 settlers had moved into the region, which was facilitated by the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Soviet Union
- November 29, 1917 takeover of power by the Soviets in Vladivostok
- April 1918 landing of the Japanese in Vladivostok, eliminate the Soviet rule
- August 1918 landing of Allied troops in Vladivostok, support Kolchak
- 1920 Foundation of the pro-Soviet Far Eastern Republic, which seeks to be in Vladivostok
- April 1920 withdrawal of Allied troops after the destruction of Kolchak
- 1921 Foundation of the Republic of coast by the Japanese occupiers
- October 1922 withdrawal of the Japanese resolution and the coast Republic
- November 1922 connection of the Far Eastern Republic to the Soviet Union
- December 1922 invasion of the Red Army in Vladivostok
The Primorye Territory was founded in 1938. Because of its strategic importance as the home port of the Soviet Pacific Fleet, the city of Vladivostok was "closed" after the Second World War, only since the end of the Soviet Union were allowed to foreigners here.
Transport and the economy
In Vladivostok, the Trans-Siberian Railway ends after 9288 kilometers of driving from Moscow. There are also connections to China (Harbin ). Economic importance of the coal mining industry, the food industry, particularly the fishing and processing of fish, mechanical engineering ( including aerospace and defense industry ) and the timber industry.
Administrative divisions and cities
The region itself. Rajons in 22 and 12 urban districts Two of the cities ( Bolshoi Kamen and Fokino ) are both " closed cities " ( SATO ).
Other major towns in the region in addition to their administrative center of Vladivostok are Ussurijsk, Nakhodka and Artyom. In total there are in the region of 12 cities and 30 urban-type settlement.