Würzburg (district)

The district of Würzburg is located in the south of the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia. Neighboring districts are the districts Main-Spessart and Schweinfurt, in the east the counties Kitzingen and Dietersheim -Bad Windsheim and the south and west of Baden- Württemberg Main- Tauber-Kreis in the north. The independent city of Würzburg is completely surrounded by the district of Würzburg.

• 3.4.1 Blazon
• 3.4.2 Crest History

• 4.1 traffic 4.1.1 Railway
• 4.1.2 Road Traffic

Geography

The district area is crossed from southeast to northwest from Main. He has cut into a 100 to 150 m deep valley. To the north and west of Würzburg are mainly deciduous forest areas ( Gramschatzer forest, forest Irtenberger, Guttenberger Forest), east and south of Würzburg Ochsenfurter Gau, a fruitful intensively agriculturally used landscape.

History

The area of present-day district of Würzburg before 1800 belonged predominantly to the Bishopric of Würzburg and came to Bavaria in 1803. 1804, the district courts " of the Main River Würzburg left" in Ochsenfurt and created "Würzburg right of the Main " in Rottingen and the City Court of Würzburg. They all belonged to the Lower Main district, which was later renamed from 1838 in " Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg ", in " Lower Franconia ". 1840, the district court Rottingen was renamed after his official residence Aub.

1862 from the District Courts of the Main and Würzburg Würzburg left right of the Main District Office Würzburg and formed from the district courts and Aub Ochsenfurt the district office Ochsenfurt. The city of Würzburg had already become a circular immediate city earlier. In 1939, the two district offices in district offices, the associated districts were renamed counties.

As part of local government reform in Bavaria in 1972 the district of Würzburg, the county Ochsenfurt as well as smaller parts of the counties Marktheidenfeld ( in the southeast ), Karlstadt, Kitzingen and Gerolzhofen was united to the new district of Würzburg. County seat remained the county-level city of Würzburg.

Policy

District

Council

Coat of arms

Blazon

"Divided and split down; border in red above three silver spikes down the front in silver above the other two, herschauende red armored black lion; back in blue a golden lily. "

Coat of Arms history

Since the county reform in 1972 is the district of Würzburg in Würzburg and the Altlandkreisen Ochsenfurt, were added small bits of the previous, now-defunct counties Gerolzhofen, Karlstadt and Marktheidenfeld and the predecessor of the present district of Kitzingen. The coat of arms is drawn to the most important rule owner in the district before the end of the Old Kingdom in 1803. The three silver tips are taken from the coat of arms of the Bishopric of Würzburg, which dominated most of the county area. He belonged to the offices Ochsenfurt, Rottingen, Bütthard and Aub. The peaks (the " Franconian Rake " ) were also part of the coat of arms of Würzburg and Altlandkreise Ochsenfurt. The lions date from the coat of arms of the Counts of Limpurg - Speckfeld, from 1412 Hohenlohe- Speckfeld; they had sovereign rights in the area of the old district Ochsenfurt. The lily was taken from the coat of arms of St. Burkardus - pin in Würzburg, which had also in the district sovereign rights. The lily was also part of the old county coat of arms ( see below).

The coat of arms was granted on 19 December 1974.

Old county coat of arms

Blazon

"Divided, split down, up in red three silver spikes down the front in gold a Moor with green loincloth and a bouquet of three red roses, back in blue a silver heraldic lily ".

Coat of Arms history

The split crest above shows the coat of arms of the Bishopric of Würzburg, the so-called " Franconian Rake ", which is used very often in this part of Bavaria. In the split lower part Crest is at the front of the Mohr to see with three red roses from the coat of arms of the Counts of Wolffskeel Reichenberg, behind, the lily attention to the knights of the holy pin Burghard in Würzburg. Both the Count and the monks had significant parts of the county area.

The coat of arms was granted on 16 January 1957.

District partnerships

The district maintains partnerships with the county Mateh Yehuda in Israel and the district of Olomouc in the Czech Republic.

Economy and infrastructure

Traffic

Railway

The capital of Lower Franconia is significant as a nexus of major railway lines beyond Bavaria. The first line was introduced by the government of Louis - west railway already in 1854 by Bamberg and Schweinfurt down the Main continued to be built by the designated now as the Royal Bavarian State Railways company as the Main-Spessart -Bahn to Gemünden -Aschaffenburg.

Ten years later, was opened in 1864 the route to Ochsenfurt -Ansbach - Treuchtlingen. The following year, 1865, the direct connection has been completed to Nuremberg, and 1866 was also the Franks car over to Stuttgart Lauda available.

Three state Lokalbahnen developed after the turn of the century the rural areas in the surrounding areas with distances of 43 km in length in today's district area:

1907, the long " Gaubahn " of Ochsenfurt to Weikersheim that in Bieberehren received a diversion, 4 km away Creglingen 33 km 1909. Also in 1909 began the operation on the branch line from Seligenstadt to Volkach whose route length 6 km, respectively.

All three were decommissioned in the years 1967-1974:

After that remained after all, still a network of main lines of 106 km length in operation.

In 1988 the German Federal Railroad shortened the connection Würzburg- Fulda nor by a new line.

The single-track Mainschleifenbahn Blessed City Volkach has tourist importance.

Road

The Federal Highway 3 opens up the district of Würzburg in west-east direction. At junction Würzburg- West Highway 81 branches off to the south. The north-east of the district traversed the Federal Highway 7 in the north-south direction.

In the future, by planning a 4-lane federal highway that B26n, lead from the A3 through Karlstadt, Arnstein to AD-SW/Werneck on the A7 to bind the district of Main -Spessart. The portion of the AD Werneck to Karlstadt is in urgent need, so it should be realized by 2015. Is already planning law for the other section to the A3.

Cities and Towns

(Population at 31 December 2012)

Cities

Markets

Free community areas ( 55.16 km ², uninhabited )

Communities

Management Communities

Towns and villages of the district before the municipal reform 1971/78

Before the local government reform of the district of Würzburg had 45 communities ( see list below). ( The towns that still exist today are in bold ):

Geotopes

The district is 15 (as of September 2013) are the Bavarian State Office for Environmental designated geological sites. See the list of geological sites in the district of Würzburg!