STS-105

STS -105 (English Space Transportation System) is the designation for a flight mission of the U.S. Space Shuttle Discovery ( OV -103 ) from NASA. The launch took place on 10 August 2001. It was the 106th Space Shuttle mission, the 30th flight of the Space Shuttle Discovery and the eleventh flight of a shuttle to the International Space Station (ISS).

Team

Shuttle crew

  • Scott Horowitz (4th space flight), Commander
  • Frederick Sturckow ( second space flight), Pilot
  • Daniel Barry ( third space flight), Mission Specialist
  • Patrick Forrester ( first space flight), Mission Specialist

ISS crew Departure

ISS Expedition 3:

  • Frank Culbertson ( third space flight), Commander
  • Mikhail Tyurin ( first space flight), flight engineer
  • Vladimir Dezhurov ( second space flight), flight engineer

Replacement

  • Valeri Korzun for Culbertson
  • Sergei Treschtschow for Tyurin
  • Peggy Whitson for Dezhurov

ISS Crew Return

ISS Expedition 2:

  • Yuri Usachyov (4th space flight), Commander
  • Susan Helms ( fifth space flight ), aircraft engineer
  • James Voss ( fifth space flight), flight engineer

(after a flight time of 167 days, 6 hours and 41 minutes returned to Earth; way with STS -102)

Mission overview

On this flight, the permanent crew of the International Space Station has been replaced. In addition, with the Italian logistics module Leonardo goods and experiments were brought to the station. Overall, the Discovery remained eight days connected with the ISS, where two spacewalks were performed.

Mission Details

The third resident crew to the International Space Station was launched into orbit. The Discovery also reversed the ISS -2 crew to abundant 5 months in space back to Earth. Housed the most part in the logistics module Leonardo, also experiments, supplies and equipment were transported to the station. These included the EXPRESS racks 4 and 5 (each about 540 kg ). The new experiments were primarily biotechnological and medical research. So was analyzed in the EXPRESS Rack 4 the growth of various cell types with the Cellular Biotechnology Operations System ( CBOSS ) complex support. These CBOSS had a sophisticated temperature control, a system for freezing the finished samples, a system for the regulation of gas supply as well as a container to hold up to 48 samples. Also been of growing protein crystals of highest purity, the Advanced Protein Crystallisation Facility ( APCF ) and the Dynamic Controlled Protein Crystal Growth Experiment ( DCPCG, both in EXPRESS Rack 1 ) used.

The docking of the Space Shuttle to the station took place on 12 August, 18:42 WZ. The following day the bucket seats were changed in the Soyuz spacecraft and tested the Sokol space suits for the new crew of the space station. The Soyuz spacecraft functioned as always as a rescue capsule for emergencies. Also on 13 August, the logistics module by Patrick Forrester was lifted with the help of the manipulator arm of the Discovery of the cargo bay and docked to the Unity module (15.55 WZ). After the unloading began. More than 3 tons of equipment, food and water were stowed in the station. Already completed experiments and personal items of the ISS -2 crew and waste were transported to the Discovery or in the logistics module Leonardo in return. Leonardo was detached on 19 August from the station and re- housed in the luggage compartment of the Shuttle.

On August 14, a new software has been installed in the Russian Service Module Zvezda, which was tested on the following days. With it, the control of the station from the Russian part of improving. This was particularly important for the arrival of the Russian Pirs module coupling and exit in September.

On August 16, the astronauts Barry and Forrester for 6 hours and 16 minutes working in space. They mounted an ammonia tank on the grid element P6. The ammonia is used as a cooling fluid for the solar electronics. Subsequently, the first scientific experiment was outboard mounted. Materials International Space Station Experiment ( MISSE ) comprises 750 different materials whose resistance can be tested under the harsh conditions of space. The complex material is to be returned after about a year to Earth. At the second exit ( Barry and Forrester, Duration 5 hrs 29 mins ) on 18 August, a 15 meter long power cable for the heating of the grid element S0 has been installed. S0 is the central element of the 100 -meter grid structure that is mounted on the laboratory module Destiny.

While the shared flight two orbital maneuvers were performed with the engines of discovery. Thus, the orbit of the station has been increased by about 7 kilometers. After decoupling on August 20, the Space Shuttle flew around the station at a distance of about 150 meters. In this video and photo recordings were made. Subsequently, the small satellite Simplesat was started, which aims to demonstrate how exactly a satellite control via the Global Positioning System GPS.

In the cargo bay of Discovery, several canisters of experiments in the framework of a special education program ( Shuttle Small Payload Project SSPP ) were performed together with pupils from different states in the U.S. was. These included in particular biological experiments (cell and shoot growth, development of roots, influence of radiation, temperature fluctuations and weightlessness on various plant seeds) and physical tests ( smoldering fire in zero gravity, corrosion, influence of radiofrequency radiation on natural and synthetic materials, durability of adhesives, stability of image media, effects of various radiation shields, laser communication, influence of radiation, temperature and microgravity on various materials).

The Discovery landed on the grounds of the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The landing was delayed because of a rainstorm to a mission in orbit. After landing, extensive medical tests, especially to the members of the ISS crew took place. These include tests of the lungs and the immune system and studies of kidney stone risk.

752090
de