2014 Formula One season
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The Formula 1 2014 season is the 65th FIA Formula 1 World Championship. Again consists of 19 Grands Prix. It began on March 16 in Melbourne, Australia and ends on 23 November at the Yas Island off Abu Dhabi.
- 3.1 28 -31. January: Circuito de Jerez
- 3.2 19th - 22nd February: Bahrain International Circuit
- 3.3 February 27 -2. March: Bahrain International Circuit
- 5.1 Australian Grand Prix
- 5.2 Malaysian Grand Prix
- 5.3 Grand Prix of Bahrain
- 8.1 Drivers' Championship
- 8.2 Constructors' Championship
Changes in 2014
Racetracks
The Grand Prix of Russia 2014 will be held for the first time and will be held in Sochi.
The Grand Prix of Austria ( Spielberg ) returns to the race calendar. The Grand Prix of Germany exchanged at regular intervals from the Nürburgring to the Hockenheimring Baden- Württemberg.
The Grand Prix of India and the Grand Prix of Korea have been removed from the calendar.
In the meantime, also had been planned for the 2014 season, the Grand Prix of Jersey ( Weehawken ) and Mexico ( Mexico City). Both races were not included in the final calendar.
Technical Regulations
Drive
From the 2014 season to V6 turbo engines are used with 1.6 liters of displacement, this solve the 2.4-liter V8 engines used since 2006 from. The cylinder bank angle is 90 °. The maximum fuel flow rate is limited to 100 kg / h and the fuel consumption per race to 100 kg.
The motors are homologated by the end of the season 2020. Each engine manufacturer may equip up to four teams with engines. Since the development of the new engines is extremely costly, engine manufacturer Cosworth decided not to launch a V6 engine and thus to retire at the end of the 2013 season of Formula 1.
An Energy Recovery System replaces the KERS, which possessed far exclusively via an electromotive brake. The ERS consists of the existing kinetic energy recovery ( ERS -K) and is supplemented by an additional system (ERS -H), which uses waste heat from the engine and the turbocharger for power and also charges the batteries. The entire ERS may submit a maximum of 4 MJ per round - ten times more than the previous 400 kJ. According to the limitation of the overall performance of the ERS to 120 kW ( ~ 163 hp ) and maximum power output of 4 MJ per round, the use of time can be increased to about 33 seconds. Because now even stronger ERS- K requires constant adaptation of the brake balance, the teams are allowed to use electronic brake controls for the rear wheels.
Renault announced that the motor for the 2014 season via a generator to the shaft of the turbocharger to produce energy, which is used both to accelerate the vehicle as well as to accelerate the turbocharger shaft to overcome the turbo lag to onset of full torque.
A motor unit is divided into six modules: In addition to the internal combustion engine itself are the two generators ERS -K and ERS -H, of the energy storage, the turbocharger, and the control electronics. In the course of a season may be used by each of these six modules five copies. Requires a driver during a season another copy of a module, it is set ten places back in the next race on the grid. However, any other use of a sixth specimen shall then only one transfer back five places the result. When replacing all six modules, the car must start the next race from the pit lane.
A transmission needs from the 2014 season through six race weekends. Thus, the duration of a transmission to a Grand Prix was extended. The number of forward speeds is increased from seven to eight. The translation may not be changed during the season.
Minimum weight
Since the new motor units are heavy, the total weight of the vehicle including the driver is increased by 48 kg to 690 kg now. However, the motor units are heavier than originally expected, so that the heaviest drivers must reduce their weight, so they will not be together with the vehicle above the minimum weight and are competitive. This led to massive criticism in the run-up to the 2014 season, Nico Rosberg said before the first race of the season. The rules are so aggressive that it will not create a team with the car on the minimum weight, everyone will be higher. Therefore, the driver must be as easy as it gets.
For the 2015 season it was decided that the weight limit for a further 10 kg then be increased to 700 kg. The introduction of the higher minimum weight already for the 2014 season was also discussed, but the need for a rule change agreement of all eleven teams did not materialize. This was sharply criticized by several drivers and officials, also with regard to health risks for the pilots.
In January 2014 it was announced that due to the heavier Pirelli tires, the minimum weight for the 2014 season of 690 to 691 kg for the 2015 season is increased from 700 to 701 kg.
Aerodynamics
The tip of the nose cone may be instead of the previous 550 mm, only a maximum of 185 mm above the ground, ie slightly higher than the front wing. This one reverses the formula back to the deep noses, as they were common until the mid- 1990s. In addition, the width of the front wing of 180 cm is reduced to 165 cm. Also the height of the monocoque is reduced. Although the maximum height remains at 625 mm, this amount may not be maintained over the entire length but, at the transition to the car's nose, the maximum height is now 525 mm.
There is only provided a single tailpipe, which is positioned so that the exhaust gases not blow the rear diffuser and so can produce output.
The wind tunnel hours and CFD computations may be reduced for cost reasons to the 2014 season, over a period of eight weeks are allowed a maximum of 30 units per week on average. A unit represents either an hour in the wind tunnel or 1.0 teraflops for CFD calculations dar. also for cost reasons the crash structures are unified on the vehicle side.
Sporting Regulations
The banned since 2008 test runs during the season are allowed from 2014 again limited. In Europe, there will be two days of testing after four races the following week. Along with the introduction of the eight test days will be abolished Young Driver Days and testing for PR purposes. Each team must also during the season exclusively for testing of new tires are available and in addition after the last race of the season a day for the testing of new tires for the 2015 season. A test day
The speed limit in the pit lane is modified for security reasons. In Melbourne, Monaco and Singapore, the speed limit is 60 km / h, at all racetracks generally 80 km / h Also to increase the safety of all members of the pit crew must wear a helmet from 2014. This now applies to qualifying. After Mark Webber had in 2013 immediately after a pit stop lost only inadequately fastened right rear at the Grand Prix of Germany and thus met a cameraman who had to be subsequently admitted to a hospital, these rules were introduced during the 2013 season.
From 2014 driver will be warned for offenses on the race track with points. Depending on the severity of the incident, there are one to three points. Each item will be deleted after one year. If a driver has accumulated at a time twelve penalty points will be reset points account and he blocked for the next Grand Prix. In addition, a five-second time penalty is introduced. This must be served at the next pit stop, the vehicle must be in the pits five seconds halt before any work on it. If no further pit stops to be planned, so the driver will be added to the total time of five seconds. With this small penalty offenses such as the minimum is exceeded the speed limit in the pit lane shall be punishable, for a drive-through penalty would be inappropriate hard.
If a driver on the grid will be set back, but less starting places behind him exist as is the punishment, then the transfer back to the remaining grid positions will take place at the next race.
It is the drivers not allowed to park their cars without just cause on the track. In the past, there have been repeated to the fact that cars were stored after crossing the finish line on the cool down lap to save fuel for after the race to be removed gasoline sample.
In the last race double points are awarded as usual from the 2014 season for each placement. In order for a race will be staged for the first time in the Formula 1 World Championship, in which the points system is different than any other race of the season.
As of the 2014 season drivers will retain their starting number for several seasons. The numbers 2-99 may be freely chosen by the drivers. If two drivers opt for the same number, one has a privilege, which was best placed in the previous championship. The number 1 is the world champion reserved. However, the champion does not have to dial this number. The start number must be not only the vehicle but also clearly visible are on the driver's helmet.
It was originally planned to award additional World Cup points at the driver who scored the pole position. Instead, at the end of a season is the driver who has scored the most pole positions, a specially created trophy, called the Pole Position Award presented.
Drivers who are not in possession of a super license, a green back light must have at the rear of their vehicle, which must always be on while driving. So should other drivers can see that it is an inexperienced pilot. Drivers without a Super License will continue to be excluded from the race weekends and official tests.
Any driver who reached the second phase of qualifying, gets provided an extra set of tires in the softer of the two mixtures used during the race weekend. Drivers who reach the third qualifying session will have to use it there, and then return to Pirelli. The race they need to start on the set of tires with which they have reduced their fastest lap time in the second segment. At the same time the length of the first section from 20 to 18 minutes, and the third section of ten is changed to twelve minutes.
Driver
Kimi Raikkonen returns to Scuderia Ferrari. Raikkonen was already 2007 to 2009 for the team and won on Ferrari 2007, the World Cup. Räikkönen received a contract for two years. 2012 and 2013 drove for Lotus Raikkonen.
Felipe Massa, who was replaced by Raikkonen at Ferrari, will change its part to Williams.
Pastor Maldonado at Williams was active in 2013 and was replaced by Massa, moved to Lotus.
Daniel Ricciardo will change from Scuderia Toro Rosso to their sister team Red Bull Racing. Ricciardo awarded a contract for at least three seasons.
Nico Hulkenberg returns after a season back at Sauber to Force India. He exchanged his cockpit with Adrian Sutil, who moved from Force India to Sauber. This does not occur for the first time in 2014 Sutil Force India or their predecessor teams.
Sergio Pérez left McLaren after one season and joined Force India.
Kamui Kobayashi returns with Caterham back into Formula 1. 2013 he drove in the GTE Pro class of the FIA World Endurance Championship ( WEC ) for the Ferrari factory team AF Corse. In the World Cup of the GT driver he reached the seventh place.
Daniil Kwjat from Russia in 2014 debut at Toro Rosso in Formula 1. Kwjat launched in 2013 in the GP3 Series for MW Arden. The Dane Kevin Magnussen rises as the second rookie in Formula 1. He received a cockpit at McLaren. Magnussen won in 2013 with DAMS the champion of the Formula Renault 3.5. Third debutant is the Swede Marcus Ericsson, who had in 2013 with DAMS reached the sixth place overall in the GP2 Series and the 2014 driving for Caterham.
Giedo van der Garde, who was a regular driver at Caterham in 2013, changed as a test driver for Sauber.
Charles Pic, previously also regular driver at Caterham, switched to Lotus, where he became a test and reserve driver.
In June 2013 Mark Webber in the FIA World Endurance Championship ( WEC ) announced in 2014 as a factory driver for Porsche to change. He ran in 2013 for Red Bull
Paul di Resta, who was active for Force India in 2013, quit the F1 and returned to Mercedes in the DTM.
Drivers who do not have a contract for a race seat in 2014: The following list contains all the drivers who took part in the 2013 Formula 1 season and still do not have a contract for the 2014 season.
Tire
The drivers receive 2014 for the first half hour of the first free practice an additional set of tires.
The tire supplier for the 2014 season remains Pirelli. The contract was completed in January 2014 and runs until 2016. Pirelli had already signed contracts with all eleven teams and Formula One Administration (FOA ) for the 2014 season, but the final decision was in the hands of the FIA. This had originally obliged to carry out a new tender after the expiry of the current season until the end of 2013 the contract with Pirelli. Nevertheless, Pirelli held from 17 to 19 December 2013 Bahrain a tire test, took part in the Red Bull, Mercedes, Ferrari, McLaren, Force India and Toro Rosso with their 2013er cars.
Teams and Drivers
In the overview, all drivers are listed which have been completed for the 2014 season, a contract with the team as a root or a test driver.
The teams are ordered by the Constructors' World Championship in 2013. In this order, the teams will occupy the pit lane at the Grands Prix. The driver of a team are also grouped in the table according to the pit lane arrangement. The first vehicle of a team goes with black, the second vehicle with a yellow mark of the camera on the roll bar.
Preseason
28 -31. January: Circuito de Jerez
The first week of testing took place from 28 to 31 January held at the Circuito de Jerez in Spain. With the Caterham CT05, Ferrari F14 T, the Force India VJM07, the Marussia MR03, the McLaren MP4 -29, Mercedes W05 F1, Red Bull RB10, the Sauber C33, the STR9 Toro Rosso and Williams FW36 gave ten cars their track debut. Lotus decided not to participate in these tests, since the E22 was not completed in time. Marussia traveled to during the course of the 29th January and was only from January 30 to take part in the tests.
During the test launch on 28 January Kimi Raikkonen was in the Ferrari with a time of 1:27,104 minutes the fastest rider ahead of Lewis Hamilton and Valtteri Bottas. As expected, there were many problems with the new vehicles, particularly in the area of completely new powertrains, a total put all vehicles back together only 93 rounds. Hamilton lost due to a defective front wing control of his car and crashed into a tire barrier and could again take part in the tests until the next day. Jenson Button drove the McLaren because of problems with the electrics on the first day of testing did not, Marcus Ericsson in Caterham managed only a single installation lap. Sebastian Vettel in the Red Bull was only a few minutes before the end of the first day of testing on the track and drove only three installation laps after a mechanic had installed during the assembly of the car on the night of January 28, a suspension spring on the rear axle upside down.
On January 29, 2014 Pinback Button drove in 1:24,165 minutes, the best time ahead of Raikkonen and Bottas. After it had rained in the night, the track was wet and was additionally irrigated to provide proper rain conditions to test the new Pirelli wet tires. However, towards noon, they dried off gradually. Nico Rosberg could go with 97 rounds by far the largest distance, Vettel came because of problems with the ERS only eight rounds.
On January 30, 2014 Kevin Magnussen was fastest ahead of 1:23,276 minutes Felipe Massa and Hamilton. In the afternoon Max Chilton turned the Marussia first five installation laps. With 92 laps McLaren drove the longest distance on the third day of testing, Button started in the morning and 40 in the afternoon Magnussen 52 rounds. Daniel Ricciardo could only drive three laps in the Red Bull due to technical problems.
On the final day 's fastest time went with 1:28,229 minutes to Massa ahead of Fernando Alonso and Daniel Juncadella in the Force India. The track was, as already on the second day of the test, wet and dried until the end. Rosberg was able for the first time in the morning to drive a full race simulation. In the afternoon, team-mate Hamilton again took over the car, with 132 rounds Mercedes managed the greatest distance that day. The driver with the most goals round was Alonso, who managed 115 laps, just ahead of Magnussen, of the 110 laps, however, it turned off the track twice. Although it had cut holes in the side pods of the car to achieve a better cooling, there was another technical problems with Red Bull team broke the tests already around noon on, Ricciardo had gone only seven rounds up to this point.
Marcus Ericsson, Nico Hulkenberg, Daniel Juncadella, Kamui Kobayashi, Daniil Kwjat, Kevin Magnussen, Felipe Massa, Sergio Pérez, Kimi Raikkonen, Daniel Ricciardo and Adrian Sutil completed in Jerez the first test drives for their new teams.
19th - 22nd February: Bahrain International Circuit
The second week of testing was held to 22 February at the Bahrain International Circuit in as- Sachir of 19. After the Lotus E22 was completed, participated for the first time this season, all eleven teams at the testing part.
On February 19, Nico Hulkenberg set the fastest time ahead of Fernando Alonso and Lewis Hamilton with 1:36,880 minutes. Adrian Sutil drove the longest distance, just ahead of Kevin Magnussen (81 laps) and Hulkenberg (78 laps) in the Sauber with 82 rounds. Even Hamilton ( 74 laps ), Robin Frijns (68 laps) and Alonso (64 laps), it was possible to cover more than a full race distance. Romain Grosjean at Lotus went early in the morning on the first track, but turned because of problems with the software and the batteries only eight rounds. At Red Bull, there were again problems with the cooling system, also tried the mechanics, with additional carved into the side boxes openings to achieve better cooling. Nevertheless, Sebastian Vettel drove only 14 laps. Even with Williams, Toro Rosso and Marussia there were technical problems, so that Felipe Massa and Daniil Kwjat came only between five rounds, Jules Bianchi managed only three rounds.
The fastest time on February 20, drove Magnussen in 1:34,910 minutes ago Hulkenberg and Alonso. Valtteri Bottas took it in good conditions with 115 rounds by far the greatest range on this day, this represented more than 600 kilometers. But Alonso and Nico Rosberg could go well over a full race distance. In Marussia there were problems with the fuel pressure, so that Max Chilton with 17 laps, the least distance that day. Also with Lotus you suffered from technical problems so that Grosjean could cover only 18 laps.
On February 21, Hamilton was with a lap time of 1:34,263 minutes fastest, followed by Jenson Button and Massa. The Williams team was able, as before, continue with 115 rounds, the largest distance, Bottas drove in the morning and 55 in the afternoon Massa 60 laps. Button was with 103 laps of the driver with the most laps, just ahead of Marcus Ericsson with 98 and Esteban Gutierrez with 96 rounds. Ericsson so laid back necessary for the exhibition of his Super License distance of 300 kilometers. There were problems, however, again at Marussia, Chilton had the car in less than an hour and only four rounds off with engine trouble and turned over the day and another round. Pastor Maldonado remained in the lotus are twice on the track and came to a total of 26 laps, Daniel Ricciardo drove 28 laps only a relatively small distance.
The fastest driver on the last day of the test week was Rosberg with a time of 1:33,283 minutes ahead of Button and Kimi Raikkonen. Rosberg was thus less than a second slower than his pole position at the Bahrain Grand Prix in 2013, after it had been feared after the tests in Jerez that Formula 1 cars by the rule changes no longer faster than vehicles of the GP2 Series or the WEC were. Rosberg drove the longest distance of the day, followed closely by Felipe Nasr in Williams ( 87 laps) and Raikkonen ( 82 laps ), which came off in his car shortly before the end of the test runs off the track and crashed into the barriers with 89 rounds. Nasr arrive so in his first test runs of a Formula 1 car, the requirements for obtaining the license of the Super 300 km. There were technical problems, however, at Marussia and Clean, Bianchi was again due to problems with the fuel supply only five rounds and Sutil, who went in the late afternoon on the track, drive only seven laps. Also at Toro Rosso and Red Bull, there was again trouble, Jean- Éric Vergne drove only nine and Ricciardo 15 rounds.
In Bahrain completed Frijns, Pastor Maldonado and Felipe Nasr, the first tests for their new teams.
February 27 -2. March: Bahrain International Circuit
The third and final week before the season was held from February 27 to March 2 again be held at the Bahrain International Circuit in as- Sachir.
On the first day of testing Sergio Pérez was with a lap time of 1:35,290 minutes fastest ahead of Valtteri Bottas and Kimi Raikkonen. Bottas drove the longest distance, followed by Kevin Magnussen 109 and Pérez with 105 rounds 128 rounds. There were problems continue at Caterham, Kamui Kobayashi put because of problems with the electronics and the software of the Renault powertrain only 19 laps and was also the slowest driver of the day. Pastor Maldonado was only slightly faster and dropped 31 laps back and only a very small distance. His Lotus E22 was equipped with 120 new parts, but the team had the test after a fraction of the exhaust prematurely. Max Chilton in the Marussia MR03 could ride on this day 44 laps, more than in the whole of the second week of testing.
On February 28, Pérez was again fastest, this time with a lap time of 1:35,570 minutes ahead of Fernando Alonso and Daniel Ricciardo. The greatest distance lay back with 126 laps Alonso, followed by Pérez with 108 and Esteban Gutierrez with 106 rounds. Maldonado was, exactly as the day before, to cover 31 laps, so he scored the fewest kilometers that day. Slightly better it ran for Jenson Button and Marcus Ericsson and driven for 52 or 55 rounds. Maldonado had the car after a fire in the rear off, button rolled in the morning to gearbox problems, the repair of a vehicle lasted four hours.
The fastest time on March 1, Felipe Massa drove in 1:33,258 minutes ahead of Nico Rosberg and Raikkonen. Massa thus achieved the hitherto fastest lap time with a vehicle of the season 2014. Ericsson laid with 117 laps the greatest distance, thus this was achieved for the first time in the pre-season testing a vehicle with a Renault engine. Nico Hülkenberg 115 laps, also Rosberg (103 rounds) and Massa (99 round ) drove almost the whole day without any technical problems. No single round went Sebastian Vettel and Adrian Sutil, Vettel was indeed sent twice to the track in Red Bull RB10, but remained low after a few curves and on the second attempt are already at the end of the pit lane. Sutil came first with a smoking tail from his installation lap back, had his Sauber C33 but then leave shortly after entering the pit lane when the car caught fire in the rear area. Romain Grosjean also drove only 33 laps, at first he could not go to the track due to an electronics problem, and later he had to abort the test drives due to a defect in the ERS.
On March 2, was Lewis Hamilton with a best time of 1:33,278 minutes before the fastest Bottas and Alonso. Most laps Clean, where the morning Sutil 91 rounds and afternoon Gutiérrez went 86 rounds. The driver with the largest distance of the day Bottas was with 108 laps, followed by Kobayashi with 106 rounds and the two Sauber drivers. Few Rounds ( 22) could travel due to an engine failure Button, Grosjean managed with two technical defects only 32 laps.
Race Calendar
The race calendar includes 19 Grands Prix.
Race Reports
Grand Prix of Australia
The Australian Grand Prix at Albert Park Circuit was held on 16 March 2014 and went over a distance of 57 laps of 5.303 km, which corresponds to a total distance of 302.271 km.
Nico Rosberg won the race ahead of Kevin Magnussen and Jenson Button. It was the first podium placement Magnussen.
Originally occupied Daniel Ricciardo second place. Since he had the maximum fuel flow rate, however, exceeded several times during the race, he was disqualified after the race.
Grand Prix of Malaysia
The Malaysian Grand Prix at the Sepang International Circuit was held on 30 March 2014 and went over a distance of 56 laps of 5.543 km, which corresponds to a total distance of 310.408 km.
Lewis Hamilton won the race ahead of Nico Rosberg and Sebastian Vettel.
It was the first double victory of the designer Mercedes since the Italian Grand Prix 1955.
Grand Prix of Bahrain
The Bahrain Grand Prix at the Bahrain International Circuit was held on 6 April 2014 and went over a distance of 57 laps of 5.412 km, which corresponds to a total distance of 308.238 km.
Lewis Hamilton won the race ahead of Nico Rosberg and Sergio Perez.
It was the 900th race of the Formula 1 World Championship and was held under floodlights.
Qualifyingduelle
This table shows that have achieved better rankings in qualifying in the Team which driver.
Status: Bahrain Grand Prix
Racing duels
This table shows that have achieved better position in the race in which Team driver. If a team in a race no driver have come in the standings, this is taken as 0:0.
Status: Bahrain Grand Prix
World Cup ratings
World Champion will be the one driver or designer who has accumulated up to the end of the season the most points in the World Championship. The distribution of points, the placings in the overall result of each race are taken into account. At the last race there are double points. The ten top-ranked riders in each race will receive points according to the following scheme: