2008 Summer Paralympics

 

The 13th Summer Paralympics were held in the Chinese capital Beijing from 6 to 17 September 2008. The Paralympics is the Olympics for people with physical disabilities and found the place after the 2008 Summer Olympics.

The venue was set on 13 July 2001 by members of the International Olympic Committee ( IOC). The agreement of the host countries to the IOC specifies that the Paralympics are using the same venue as the Olympic Games.

Approximately 4,200 athletes from 148 countries were expected to have a total of 4,124 actually participated athletes from 148 countries.

Competition venues

19 competition venues, including 17 in Beijing, one in Hong Kong and selected one in Qingdao, were for this Summer Paralympics.

New buildings in Beijing

  • National Stadium - Athletics
  • National Indoor Stadium - Wheelchair Basketball
  • National Aquatics Center - Swimming
  • Peking University - Table Tennis
  • Agricultural University of China - sitting volleyball
  • University of Science and Technology - Wheelchair Basketball, Wheelchair Rugby
  • Indoor shooting range - shooting
  • Olympic Rowing - Canoeing Park, Shunyi - Rowing

Existing plants in Beijing

  • University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing - Powerlifting ( bench press )
  • Technical University - Goalball
  • Laoshan Mountain Bike Course - Cycling
  • Workers Stadium - Judo

Temporary facilities in Beijing

  • Olympic Green Convention Centre - Boccia, Wheelchair Fencing
  • Olympic Green archery - archery
  • Olympic Green Hockey Field - Football (5 per team), Football ( 7 Series teams)
  • Olympic Green Tennis Centre - Wheelchair Tennis
  • Reservoir at the Ming Tombs - Cycling

Facilities outside Beijing

  • Equestrian Centre Hong Kong - Horse riding
  • International Sailing Center in Qingdao - Sailing

National Indoor Stadium

Technical University

Ceremonies

Opening Ceremony

The opening ceremony of the 2008 Paralympics was held on 6 September 2008. It was directed by Zhang Yimou, who has also led the government in the ceremonies of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. Was initiated the event with a short show - section in the 1000 Starring symbolized seven colored races and then represented the logo of the Paralympics. This is followed by the invasion of 147 of the 148 participating nations followed, which lasted about 90 minutes. The flag bearer for the German team was Connie Dietz.

It was followed by the big show part, which began with aerial acrobatics of a solar bird, and the appearance of a blind singer. A deaf ballet appeared that a song recited in sign language at the stars. Then followed a 12 -year-old ballet dancer in a wheelchair, which together with other dancers recited a choreography to the music of Maurice Ravel's Boléro. To the music of a blind pianist representations of the four seasons were shown. In a subsequent mass choreography were children as frogs, lions, cows and ducks. To this end, the audience should mimic the characteristic sounds of the animals with them handed accessories and are included in the show. Lower panels for most of the hidden presence dancers wore then with their hands the dance of 1000 hands ago.

The official part of the opening ceremony followed on from the part of the show. First held Liu Qi, president of the organizing committee, a speech in which he welcomed the athletes and spectators and stressed the importance of disabled sports. He also picked out the importance of the Paralympics for progress and development. Then the President of the International Paralympic Committee, Sir Philip Craven, who recalled the Chinese earthquake victims and praised the cooperation with China in preparation spoke. It was followed by the official opening of the Paralympics by Chinese President Hu Jintao. Subsequently, the official song of the 2008 Paralympics Flying with the Dream was presented before the flag of the Paralympics was supported by successful former Paralympic athletes into the stadium and hoisted under sounding of the Paralympic anthem. The oath for the athletes said Wu Chunmiao, for the judges Hao Guohua. The last part of the event turned out the lighting of the flame. The torch was carried among others by Jin Jing, who had been attacked in the torch relay for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Paris of protesters through the stadium. The high jumper Huo Bin withdrew in a wheelchair on a rope winch construction to the stadium roof and lit the fire.

Participating nations

  • Egypt Egypt ( 36)
  • Ethiopia 1996 Ethiopia ( 2)
  • Afghanistan Afghanistan (1)
  • Algeria Algeria (34 )
  • Angola Angola ( 10)
  • Argentina Argentina ( 45)
  • Armenia Armenia (1)
  • Azerbaijan (20 )
  • Australia (168 )
  • Bahrain Bahrain ( 3)
  • Bangladesh Bangladesh ( 1)
  • Barbados Barbados ( 1)
  • Belgium Belgium (21 )
  • Benin Benin ( 1)
  • Bermuda Bermuda ( 1)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina ( 15)
  • Botswana Botswana ( 1)
  • Brazil Brazil (199 )
  • Bulgaria Bulgaria ( 10)
  • Burkina Faso Burkina Faso ( 1)
  • Burundi Burundi ( 3)
  • Chile Chile ( 5)
  • Costa Rica Costa Rica ( 2)
  • Taipei Chinese Taipei ( Taiwan) ( 17)
  • Denmark Denmark ( 40)
  • Germany Germany (170 )
  • Dominican Republic Dominican Republic ( 2)
  • Ecuador Ecuador ( 2)
  • Ivory Coast Ivory Coast ( 3)
  • El Salvador El Salvador ( 1)
  • Estonia Estonia ( 3)
  • Faroe Faroe Islands ( 1)
  • Fiji Fiji ( 1)
  • Finland Finland ( 32)
  • France France (130 )
  • Gabon Gabon ( 1)
  • Gambia Gambia ( 2)
  • Ghana Ghana ( 2)
  • Georgia Georgia ( 1)
  • Greece Greece ( 72)
  • United Kingdom United Kingdom ( 216)
  • Guatemala Guatemala ( 1)
  • Guinea Guinea ( 8)
  • Haiti Haiti ( 1)
  • Honduras Honduras ( 2)
  • Hong Kong Hong Kong (23 )
  • India India ( 5)
  • Indonesia Indonesia ( 3)
  • Iran Iran ( 75)
  • Iraq Iraq ( 20)
  • Ireland Ireland ( 45)
  • Iceland Iceland ( 5)
  • Israel Israel ( 45)
  • Italy Italy ( 86)
  • Jamaica Jamaica ( 4)
  • Japan Japan (168 )
  • Jordan Jordan (12 )
  • Cambodia Cambodia ( 1)
  • Canada Canada ( 155)
  • Cape Verde Cape Verde ( 1)
  • Kazakhstan Kazakhstan ( 3)
  • Qatar Qatar ( 2)
  • Kenya (18 )
  • Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan ( 1)
  • Colombia Colombia (12 )
  • Croatia Croatia (27 )
  • Cuba Cuba ( 35)
  • Kuwait Kuwait ( 8)
  • Laos Laos ( 1)
  • Lesotho Lesotho ( 1)
  • Latvia Latvia ( 18)
  • Lebanon Lebanon ( 1)
  • Lithuania Lithuania (27 )
  • Luxembourg Luxembourg ( 1)
  • Libya Libya ( 3)
  • Macau Macau ( 2)
  • Madagascar Madagascar ( 1)
  • Malaysia Malaysia ( 11)
  • Mali Mali ( 1)
  • Malta Malta (1)
  • Morocco Morocco ( 18)
  • Mauritius Mauritius ( 2)
  • Macedonia Macedonia (2)
  • Mexico Mexico (73 )
  • Moldova Moldova ( 1)
  • Mongolia Mongolia ( 4)
  • Montenegro Montenegro ( 1)
  • Myanmar Myanmar in 1974 ( 3)
  • Namibia Namibia ( 1)
  • Nepal Nepal ( 1)
  • New Zealand New Zealand (30 )
  • Netherlands Netherlands (81 )
  • Niger Niger ( 1)
  • Nigeria Nigeria ( 24)
  • Norway Norway ( 27)
  • Austria Austria (38 )
  • Oman Oman ( 1)
  • East Timor East Timor ( 1)
  • Pakistan Pakistan ( 6)
  • Palestine National Authority Palestinian Territories ( 2)
  • Panama Panama ( 2)
  • Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea ( 2)
  • Peru Peru ( 3)
  • Philippines Philippines ( 3)
  • Poland Poland ( 85)
  • Portugal Portugal ( 52)
  • Puerto Rico Puerto Rico ( 3)
  • Rwanda Rwanda ( 1)
  • Romania Romania ( 5)
  • Russia Russia ( 149)
  • Zambia Zambia ( 1)
  • Samoa Samoa ( 1)
  • Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia ( 4)
  • Sweden Sweden (64 )
  • Switzerland Switzerland (27 )
  • Senegal Senegal ( 2)
  • Serbia Serbia (14 )
  • Zimbabwe Zimbabwe ( 2)
  • Singapore (6 )
  • Slovakia Slovakia (37 )
  • Slovenia Slovenia ( 26)
  • Spain (145 )
  • Sri Lanka Sri Lanka ( 5)
  • South Africa South Africa ( 58)
  • Flag of South Korea South Korea (85 )
  • Suriname Suriname ( 1)
  • Syria Syria ( 5)
  • Tajikistan Tajikistan ( 2)
  • Tanzania Tanzania ( 1)
  • Thailand Thailand ( 45)
  • Tonga Tonga ( 1)
  • Czech Republic Czech Republic (57 )
  • Tunisia Tunisia ( 39)
  • Turkey Turkey ( 16)
  • Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( 3)
  • Uganda Uganda ( 1)
  • Ukraine Ukraine ( 126)
  • Hungary Hungary ( 33)
  • Uruguay Uruguay ( 3)
  • Uzbekistan Uzbekistan ( 2)
  • Vanuatu Vanuatu ( 1)
  • Venezuela Venezuela ( 35)
  • United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates ( 6)
  • United States United States (205 )
  • Vietnam Vietnam ( 9)
  • People's Republic of China People's Republic of China ( 345)
  • Belarus Belarus ( 35)
  • Central African Republic Central African Republic (1)
  • Cyprus Cyprus ( 5)

In parentheses is the number of participating athletes.

Sports and Schedule

During this Summer Paralympics 472 competitions were held in 20 different sports.

Legend of the competition program shown below:

Last column: total number of decisions in individual sports

¹ = rowing was first represented at these Paralympic Summer Games as a sport.

China at the 2008 Summer Paralympics United States at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Ukraine at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Australia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Canada at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Russia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Brazil at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Spain at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Germany at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Switzerland at the 2008 Summer Paralympics 2008 Summer Paralympics medal table Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park Hong Kong Sports Institute Qingdao International Sailing Centre Liu Qi (politician) Afghanistan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Algeria at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Angola at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Argentina at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Armenia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Azerbaijan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Bahrain at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Bangladesh at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Barbados at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Belgium at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Benin at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Bermuda at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Bosnia and Herzegovina at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Botswana at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Bulgaria at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Burkina Faso at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Burundi at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Chile at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Costa Rica at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Dominican Republic at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Ecuador at the 2008 Summer Paralympics El Salvador at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Estonia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Fiji at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Finland at the 2008 Summer Paralympics France at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Gabon at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Ghana at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Georgia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Greece at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Guatemala at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Guinea at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Haiti at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Honduras at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Hong Kong, China at the 2008 Summer Paralympics India at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Indonesia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Iran at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Iraq at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Ireland at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Iceland at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Israel at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Italy at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Japan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Jordan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Cambodia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Cape Verde at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Kazakhstan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Qatar at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Kenya at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Kyrgyzstan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Colombia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Croatia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Cuba at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Kuwait at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Laos at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Lesotho at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Latvia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Lebanon at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Lithuania at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Luxembourg at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Libya at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Madagascar at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Malaysia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Mali at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Malta at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Morocco at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Mauritius at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Macedonia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Mexico at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Moldova at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Mongolia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Montenegro at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Myanmar at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Namibia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Nepal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics New Zealand at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Netherlands at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Niger at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Nigeria at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Norway at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Oman at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Timor-Leste at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Pakistan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Panama at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Papua New Guinea at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Peru at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Philippines at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Poland at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Portugal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Rwanda at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Zambia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Samoa at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Saudi Arabia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Sweden at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Senegal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Serbia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Zimbabwe at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Singapore at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Slovakia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Slovenia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Sri Lanka at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Suriname at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Syria at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Tajikistan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Tanzania at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Thailand at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Tonga at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Czech Republic at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Tunisia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Turkmenistan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Uganda at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Hungary at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Uruguay at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Uzbekistan at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Vanuatu at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Venezuela at the 2008 Summer Paralympics United Arab Emirates at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Vietnam at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Central African Republic at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Cyprus at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Boccia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Goalball at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Judo at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Powerlifting at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Cycling at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Equestrian at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Wheelchair basketball at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Wheelchair fencing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Wheelchair rugby at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Wheelchair tennis at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Rowing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Swimming at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Sailing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Sitting volleyball at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Table tennis at the 2008 Summer Paralympics 1924 Summer Olympics 1940 Summer Olympics 1960 Summer Olympics 1964 Summer Olympics 1988 Summer Olympics Winter Olympic Games 1928 Winter Olympics 1940 Winter Olympics 1948 Winter Olympics 1952 Winter Olympics 1960 Winter Olympics 1972 Winter Olympics 1984 Winter Olympics 1960 Summer Paralympics 1964 Summer Paralympics 1968 Summer Paralympics 1972 Summer Paralympics 1976 Summer Paralympics 1980 Summer Paralympics 1984 Summer Paralympics 1988 Summer Paralympics 1992 Summer Paralympics 1996 Summer Paralympics 2000 Summer Paralympics 2004 Summer Paralympics 2012 Summer Paralympics 2016 Summer Paralympics 2020 Summer Paralympics 1976 Winter Paralympics 1980 Winter Paralympics 1984 Winter Paralympics 1988 Winter Paralympics 1992 Winter Paralympics 1994 Winter Paralympics 1998 Winter Paralympics 2002 Winter Paralympics 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