List of state leaders in 1985

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3.1 East, South and Southeast Asia
3.2 Middle East
3.3 Central Asia

Africa

Egypt Head of state: President Hosni Mubarak (1981-2011) (1981-1982 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Kamal Hasan Ali ( 1984-4. September 1985)
Prime Minister Ali Mahmoud Lutfi (4 September 1985-1986)

Algeria Head of state: President Chadli Bendjedid (1979-1992)
Head of government: Prime Minister Abdelhamid Brahimi (1984-1988)

Angola Heads of state and head of government: President Jose Eduardo dos Santos ( since 1979)

Equatorial Guinea Head of state: President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (since 1979) ( to 1982 Chairman of the Supreme Military Council )
Head of government: Prime Minister Cristino Seriche Malabo Bioko (1982-1992)

Ethiopia Heads of State and Head of Government: Chairman of the Provisional Military Administrative Board Mengistu Haile Mariam (1974, 1977-1991 ) ( President from 1987 )

Benin Heads of state and head of government: President Mathieu Kérékou (1972-1991, 1996-2006)

Botswana Heads of State and Head of Government: President Masire Quett (1980-1998)

Burkina Faso Heads of State and Head of Government: Chairman of the National Revolutionary Council Thomas Sankara (1983-1987) (1983 Prime Minister )

Burundi Heads of State and Head of Government: President Jean -Baptiste Bagaza (1976-1987)

Djibouti Head of state: President Hassan Gouled Aptidon (1977-1999) (1977 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Barkat Gourad Hamadou (1978-2001)

Ivory Coast Heads of State and Head of Government: President Félix Houphouët- Boigny (1960-1993)

Gabon Head of state: President Omar Bongo (1967-2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Léon Mébiame (1975-1990)

Gambia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Dawda Jawara (1970-1994) (1965-1970 Prime Minister )

Ghana Heads of State and Head of Government: Chairman of the Provisional National Defence Council Jerry Rawlings (1979, 1981-2001 ) ( 1993 President )

Guinea Heads of State and Head of Government: President Lansana Conté (1984-2008)

Guinea- Bissau Heads of State and Head of Government: President Joao Bernardo Vieira (1980-1984, 1984-1999, 2005-2009) (1978-1980 Prime Minister )

Cameroons Heads of State and Head of Government: President Paul Biya ( since 1982)

Cape Verde Head of state: President Aristides Pereira (1975-1991)
Head of government: Prime Minister Pedro Pires (1975-1991) (2001-2011 President )

Kenya Heads of State and Head of Government: President Daniel arap Moi (1978-2002)

Comoros Heads of State and Head of Government: Chairman of the military- political directorate Ahmed Abdallah (1975, 1978-1989 )

People's Republic of Congo (1960-1970 Congo - Brazzaville, Republic of Congo from 1992 ) Head of state: President Denis Sassou Nguesso (1979-1992, since 1997)
Head of government: Prime Minister Édouard In Poungui (1984-1989)

Lesotho Head of state: King Moshoeshoe II (1966-1970, 1970-1990, 1995-1996)
Head of government: Prime Minister Leabua Jonathan (1966-1986) (1970 State)

Liberia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Samuel K. Doe (1980-1990) (until 1984 Chairman of the Erlöungsrats of the people)

Libya Leader: Muammar al - Gaddafi (1969-2011) (1969-1979 Secretary General of the General People's Congress )
Head of State: Secretary of the General People's Congress Miftah al - Usta Umar (1984-1990)
Head of government: Secretary of the General People's Committee Muhammad az- zaruq Rajab (1984-1986) (1981-1984 Secretary General of the General People's Congress )

Madagascar Head of state: President Didier Ratsiraka (1975-1993, 1997-2002)
Head of government: Prime Minister Désiré Rakotoarijaona (1977-1988)

Malawi Heads of State and Head of Government: President Hastings Kamuzu Banda (1966-1994) (1964-1966 Prime Minister )

Mali Heads of State and Head of Government: President Moussa Traoré (1968-1991)

Morocco Head of state: King Hassan II (1961-1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mohammed Karim Lamrani (9171-1972, 1983-1986, 1992-1994)

Mauritania Head of state: President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya (1984-2005) (1981-1984, 1984-1992 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya (1981-1984, 1984-1992) (1984-2005 President )

Mauritius Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1968-1992) Governor General: Seewoosagur Ramgoolam ( 1983-15. December 1985) ( 1968-1982, Prime Minister since 2005 )
Cassam Moollan (15 December 1985-1986) (acting)

Mozambique Head of state: President Samora Machel (1975-1986)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mário Fernandes da Graça Machungo (1976-1994)

Niger Head of state: President of the Supreme Military Council Seyni Kountché (1974-1987)
Head of government: Prime Minister Hamid Algabid (1983-1988)

Nigeria Heads of State and Head of Government: Chairman of the Supreme Military Council Muhammadu Buhari ( 1983-27. August 1985)
President of the Governing Council of the Armed Forces Ibrahim Babangida (27 August 1985-1993 )

Rwanda Heads of State and Head of Government: President Juvenal Habyarimana (1973-1994)

Zambia Head of State: President Kenneth Kaunda (1964-1991)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mundia Nalumino ( 1981-24. April 1985)
Prime Minister Kebby Musokotwane (April 24, 1985-1989 )

Sao Tome and Principe Heads of State and Head of Government: President Manuel Pinto da Costa (1975-1991, since 2011 )

Senegal Heads of State and Head of Government: President Abdou Diouf (1981-2000) (1970-1980 Prime Minister )

Seychelles Heads of state and head of government: President France- Albert René (1977-2004) (1976-1977 Prime Minister )

Sierra Leone Heads of State and Head of Government: President Siaka Stevens ( 1971-28. November 1985) (1967, Prime Minister from 1968 to 1971 )
Saidu Momoh Joseph President (November 28, 1985-1992 )

Zimbabwe Head of state: President Canaan Banana (1980-1987)
Head of government: Prime Minister Robert Mugabe (1980-1987) ( President since 1987 )

Somalia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Siad Barre (1969-1991)

South Africa Heads of State and Head of Government: President Pieter Willem Botha (1984-1989) (1978-1984 Prime Minister )

Sudan Head of state: President Jafar Muhammad at - Numairi (1969-1971, 1971-6. April 1985) ( 1969-1976, Prime Minister 1977-1985 )
Chairman of the Military Transitional Council Abd ar -Rahman Swar al- Dahab (6 April 1985-1986)

Prime Minister Jafar Muhammad at - Numairi (1969-1976, 1977-6. April 1985) ( 1969-1971, 1971-1985 President )
Prime Minister al - Dschazuli Dafallah (6 April 1985-1986)

Swaziland Head of state: Queen Regent Ntombi (1983-1986)
Head of government: Prime Minister Bhekimpi Dlamini (1983-1986)

Tanzania Head of state: President Julius Nyerere ( 1962-5. November 1985) ( Prime Minister 1961-1962 )
President Ali Hassan Mwinyi (5 November 1985-1995 )

Prime Minister Salim Ahmed Salim ( 1984-5. November 1985)
Prime Minister Joseph Sinde Warioba (5 November 1985-1990 )

Togo Heads of State and Head of Government: President Gnassingbe Eyadema (1967-2005)

Chad Heads of State and Head of Government: President Hissène Habré (1982-1990) (1978-1979 Prime Minister )

Tunisia Head of state: President Habib Bourguiba (1957-1987)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed Mzali (1980-1986)

Uganda Head of state: President Milton Obote (1966-1971, 1980-27. July 1985) ( 1962-1966 Prime Minister )
Chairman of the Military Council Bazilio Olara Okello (27 July 1985-29. July 1985)
Chairman of the Military Council Tito Okello (July 29, 1985-1986)

Prime Minister Otema Allimadi ( 1980-27. July 1985)
Prime Minister Paulo Muwanga (1 August 1985-25. August 1985) (1980 President )
Prime Minister Abraham Waligo (August 25, 1985-1986)

Western Sahara (disputed ) Head of state: President Mohamed Abdelaziz ( since 1976) (in exile )
Head of government: Prime Minister Mahfoud Ali Beiba ( 1982-18. December 1985, 1988-1993, 1995-1999) (in exile )
Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed Prime Minister (1976-1982, December 18, 1985-1988) (in exile )

Zaire ( Congo - Leopoldville to 1964, 1964 to 1971, Democratic Republic of the Congo since 1997 ) Head of state: President Mobutu Sese Seko (1965-1997)
Head of government: Prime Minister Kengo Wa Dondo (1982-1986, 1988-1990, 1994-1997)

Central African Republic Heads of State and Head of Government: President André Kolingba (1981-1993) ( until September 21, 1985 Chairman of the Military Committee of National Reconstruction )

America

North America

Canada Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Governor General Jeanne Sauvé (1984-1990)

Mexico Heads of State and Head of Government: President Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (1982-1988)

United States of America Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)

Central America

Antigua and Barbuda Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981) Governor-General Wilfred E. Jacobs (1981-1993)

Bahamas Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1973) Governor General: Gerald Cash (1979-1988)

Barbados Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1966) Governor General Hugh Springer (1984-1990)

Prime Minister John Michael G. Adams ( 1976-11. March 1985)
Prime Minister Harold Bernard St. John (11 March 1985-1986)

Belize Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981) Governor General: Minita Gordon (1981-1993)

Costa Rica Heads of State and Head of Government: President Luis Alberto Monge Álvarez (1982-1986)

Dominica Head of state: President Clarence A. Seignoret (1983-1993)
Head of government: Prime Minister Eugenia Charles (1980-1995)

Dominican Republic Heads of State and Head of Government: President Salvador Jorge Blanco (1982-1986)

El Salvador Heads of State and Head of Government: President José Napoleón Duarte (1984-1989)

Grenada Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1974) Governor-General Paul Scoon (1978-1992)

Guatemala Heads of State and Head of Government: President Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores (1983-1986)

Haiti Heads of State and Head of Government: President Jean -Claude Duvalier (1971-1986)

Honduras Heads of State and Head of Government: President Roberto Suazo Córdova (1982-1986)

Jamaica Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1962) Governor General: Florizel Glass Pole (1973-1991)

Cuba Head of state and head of government: President of the State Council and the Council of Ministers Fidel Castro (1976-2008) (1959-1976 Prime Minister )

Nicaragua Heads of State and Head of Government: Government Junta of National Reconstruction: Daniel Ortega ( 1979-10. January 1985) ( 1985-1990, since 2007 President )
Sergio Ramírez ( 1979-10. January 1985)
Rafael Córdova Rivas ( 1980-10. January 1985)

Panama Heads of State and Head of Government: President Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino ( 1984-28. September 1985)
President Erick Arturo del Valle (September 28, 1985-1988)

St. Kitts and Nevis Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1983) Governor General Clement Arrindell Athelston (1983-1995)

St. Lucia Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1979) Governor General: Allen Montgomery Lewis (1982-1987)

St. Vincent and the Grenadines Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1979) Governor General: Sydney Gun - Munro ( 1979-28. February 1985)
Joseph Lambert Eustace (February 28, 1985-1988)

Trinidad and Tobago Head of state: President Ellis Clarke (1976-1987) (1972-1976 Governor General)
Head of government: Prime Minister George Chambers (1981-1986)

South America

Argentina Heads of State and Head of Government: President Raúl Alfonsín (1983-1989)

Bolivia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Hernán Siles Zuazo (1952, 1956-1960, 1982-5. August 1985)
President Víctor Paz Estenssoro (1952-1956, 1960-1964, August 5, 1985-1989 )

Brazil Heads of State and Head of Government: President João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo ( 1979-15. March 1985)
President José Sarney (March 15, 1985-1990 ) (15 March 1985-22. April 1985 provisional)

Chile Heads of State and Head of Government: President Augusto Pinochet (1974-1990)

Ecuador Heads of State and Head of Government: President León Febres Cordero (1984-1988)

Guyana Head of state: President Forbes Burnham ( 1980-6. August 1985) ( 1966-1980 Prime Minister )
President Hugh Desmond Hoyte (6 August 1985-1992 ) (1984-1985 Prime Minister )

Prime Minister Hugh Desmond Hoyte ( 1984-9. August 1985) ( 1985-1992 President )
Prime Minister Hamilton Green (August 6, 1985 to 1992 )

Colombia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Belisario Betancur (1982-1986)

Paraguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Alfredo Stroessner (1954-1989)

Peru Head of state: President Fernando Belaúnde Terry (1963-1968, 1980-28. July 1985)
President Alan García (28 July 1985-1990, 2006-2011 )

Prime Minister Luis Percovich ( 1984-28. July 1985)
Prime Minister Luis Alva Castro (28 July 1985-1987)

Suriname Head of State: President Ramdat Misier (1982-1988)
Head of government: Prime Minister Willem Frederik Udenhout (1984-1986)

Uruguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Gregorio Alvarez ( 1981-12. February 1985)
President Rafael Addiego Bruno (12 February 1985-1. March 1985)
President Julio María Sanguinetti (March 1, 1985-1990, 1995-2000 )

Venezuela Heads of State and Head of Government: President Jaime Lusinchi (1984-1989)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bangladesh Head of state: President Hossain Mohammad Ershad (1982, 1983-1990 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Ataur Rahman Khan (1984-1986)

Bhutan Heads of State and Head of Government: King Jigme Singye Wangchuck (1972-2006)

Brunei Heads of State and Head of Government: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (since 1967)

Burma (now Myanmar) Head of state: President San Yu (1981-1988)
Head of government: Prime Minister Maung Maung Kha (1977-1988)

Republic of China ( Taiwan) Head of state: President Chiang Ching- kuo (1978-1988)
Head of government: Prime Minister Yu Kuo -hwa (1984-1989)

China Party Leader: General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Hu Yaobang (1980-1987) (1981-1982 Chairman of the CCP)
Head of state: President Li Xiannian (1983-1988)
Head of government: Prime Minister Zhao Ziyang (1980-1987) (1987-1989 General Secretary of the CCP)

India Head of state: President Giani Zail Singh (1982-1987)
Head of government: Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi (1984-1989)

Indonesia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Suharto (1967-1998)

Japan Head of State: Emperor Hirohito (1926-1989)
Head of government: Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone (1982-1987)

Cambodia Head of state: Chairman of the State Council Heng Samrin (1979-1992) (until 1981 President of the Revolutionary People's Council )
Head of Government: Prime Minister Hun Sen ( since January 14, 1985 )

North Korea Chairman of the National Defence Commission Kim Il-sung (1948-1994)
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly: Kim Il-sung (1972-1994)
Head of government: Prime Minister Kang Song -san (1984-1986, 1992-1997)

South Korea Head of state: President Chun Doo -hwan (1980-1988)
Head of government: Prime Minister Jin Ui -jong ( 1983-19 February. , 1985)
Prime Minister Sin Byeong - hyeon ( 1984-19. February 1985) (acting)
Minister President Roh Shin- yeong (19 February 1985-1987)

Laos Head of state: President Souphanouvong (1975-1991)
Head of government: Prime Minister Kaysone Phomvihane (1975-1991) (1991-1992 President )

Malaysia Head of State: Supreme ruler Mahmud Iskandar Al- Haj (1984-1989)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad (1981-2003)

Maldives Heads of State and Head of Government: President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom (1978-2008)

Nepal Head of state: King Birendra (1972-2001)
Head of government: Prime Minister Lokendra Bahadur Chand (1983-1986, 1990-1997)

Pakistan Head of state: President Mohammed Zia -ul- Haq (1978-1988) (1988 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Muhammad Khan Junejo (March 24, 1985-1988) ( created Office new)

Philippines Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ferdinand Marcos (1965-1986)

Singapore Head of state: President Devan Nair ( 1981-27. March 1985)
Chief Justice Wee Chong Jin (27 March 1985-29. March 1985)
Parliament Chairman Yeoh Ghim Seng (1970-1971, 1981, March 29, 1985-3. September 1985) (acting)
President Wee Kim Wee (3 September 1985-1993 )

Sri Lanka Head of state: President Junius Richard Jayawardene (1978-1989) (1977-1978 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Ranasinghe Premadasa (1978-1989)

Thailand Head of state: King Rama IX. Bhumibol Adulyadej (since 1946)
Head of government: Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda (1980-1988)

Vietnam Head of state: Chairman of the State Council Truong Chinh (1981-1987)
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Phạm Văn Đồng (1976-1987) (1955-1976 Prime Minister of North Vietnam )

Southwest Asia

Bahrain Head of State: Emir Isa II (1971-1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (since 1971)

Iraq Heads of State and Head of Government: President Saddam Hussein (1979-2003)

Iran Religious leader: Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini (1980-1989)
Head of state: President Ali Chamene'i (1981-1989) (since 1989 Supreme Leader )
Head of government: Prime Minister Mir Hossein Mousavi (1981-1989)

Israel Head of state: President Chaim Herzog (1983-1993)
Head of government: Prime Minister Shimon Peres (1977, 1984-1986, 1995-1996) ( President since 2007 )

North Yemen Head of state: President Ali Abdullah Saleh (1978-1990) (1990-2012 President of Yemen)
Head of government: Prime Minister Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani (1975-1980, 1983-1990) (1994-1997 Prime Minister of Yemen )

South Yemen Head of state: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council Ali Nasir Muhammad (1978, 1980-1986 ) ( 1971-1985 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Ali Nasir Muhammad ( 1971-14. February 1985) (1978, 1980-1986 President )
Prime Minister Haidar Abu Bakr al -Attas (14 February 1985-1986) ( 1986-1990 Chairman of the Presidential Council; 1990-1994 Prime Minister of Yemen )

Jordan Head of state: King Hussein (1952-1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Ahmad al - Ubaydat ( 1984-4. April 1985)
Prime Minister Zaid ar - Rifa ʿ i ( 1973-1976.4. April 1985-1989 )

Qatar Ruler: Emir Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani (1972-1995)

Kuwait Ruler: Emir Jabir III. (1977-1990)

Lebanon Head of state: President Amin Gemayel (1982-1988)
Head of government: Prime Minister Rashid Karami (1955-1956, 1958-1960, 1961-1964, 1965-1966, 1966-1968, 1969-1970, 1975-1976, 1984-1987)

Oman Ruler: Sultan Qaboos bin Said (since 1971)

Saudi Arabia Ruler: King Fahd ibn Abd al - Aziz (1982-2005)

Syria Head of state: President Hafiz al -Assad (1971-2000) (1970-1971 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Abdul Rauf al - Kasm (1980-1987)

Turkey Head of state: President Kenan Evren (1980-1989)
Head of government: Prime Minister Turgut Özal (1983-1989) (1989-1993 President )

United Arab Emirates Head of state: President Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1971-2004)
Head of government: Prime Minister Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum (1979-1990)

Central Asia

Afghanistan Head of state: President of the Revolutionary Council Babrak Karmal (1979-1986)
Head of government: Prime Minister Sultan Ali Keshtmand (1981-1988, 1989-1990)

Mongolia Head of state: Chairman of the Grand People's Churals Dschambyn Batmönch (1984-1990) (1974-1984 Chairman of the Council of Ministers )
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Dumaagiin Sodnom (1984-1990)

Australasia

Australia Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Governor General: Ninian Stephen (1982-1989)

Cook Islands ( independent state in free association with New Zealand ) Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965) Queen's Representative: Tangaroa Tangaroa (1984-1990)

Fiji Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (1970-1987) Governor General: Penaia Ganilau (1983-1987) (1987-1993 President )

Kiribati Heads of State and Head of Government: President Jeremiah Tabai (1979-1982, 1983-1991)

Nauru Heads of State and Head of Government: President Hammer DeRoburt (1968-1976, 1978-1986, 1986, 1986-1989)

New Zealand Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Governor General: David Beattie ( 1980-2. November 1985)
Paul Reeves (2 November 1985-1990 )

Niue ( an independent state in free association with New Zealand ) Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1974) Queen's representative: Governor-General of New Zealand

Papua New Guinea Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1975) Governor General: Kingsford Dibela (1983-1989)

Prime Minister Michael Somare (1975-1980, 1982-21. November 1985, 2002-2011 )
Prime Minister Paias Wingti (November 21, 1985-1988, 1992-1994)

Solomon Islands Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1978) Governor General: Devesi Baddeley (1978-1988)

Tonga Head of state: King Tupou IV Taufaahau (1970-2006)
Head of government: Prime Minister Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake (1970-1991)

Tuvalu Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1978) Governor General: Fiatao Penitala Teo (1978-1986)

Vanuatu Head of state: President George Ati Sokomanu (1980-1984, 1984-1989)
Head of government: Prime Minister Walter Lini Hadye (1980-1991)

Western Samoa (now Samoa) Head of state: O le Ao o le Malo Tanumafili II (1962-2007)
Head of government: Prime Minister Tofilau Eti Alesana ( 1982-30. December 1985, 1988-1998 )
Prime Minister Va'ai Kolone (1982, December 30, 1985-1988)

Europe

Albania Party leader: First secretary of the Albanian Workers' Party Enver Hoxha ( 1948-11. April 1985)
First secretary of the Albanian Workers' Party Ramiz Alia (13 April 1985-1991) (Head of State 1982-1992 )

Andorra Co - Prince: President of France François Mitterrand (1981-1995)
Bishop of Urgell Joan Martí Alanís (1971-2003)

Belgium Head of state: King Baudouin I (1951-1993)
Head of government: Prime Minister Wilfried Martens (1979-1981, 1981-1992)

Bulgaria Party Leader: General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party Todor Zhivkov (1954-1989) (1971-1989 State Council Chairman) (1962-1971 Prime Minister )
Head of state: President Todor Zhivkov State Council (1971-1989) (1954-1989 Party leader ) (1962-1971 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Grisha Filipov (1981-1986)

Denmark Head of State: Queen Margrethe II (since 1972)
Head of government: Minister of State Poul Schlüter (1982-1993)

Federal Republic of Germany Head of State: President Richard von Weizsäcker (1984-1994)
Head of Government: Chancellor Helmut Kohl (1982-1998)

German Democratic Republic Party Leader: General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED Erich Honecker (1971-1989) (1976-1989 State Council Chairman)
Head of state: Chairman of the State Council Erich Honecker (1976-1989) (1971-1989 Party leader )
Head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers Willi Stoph (1964-1973, 1976-1989) (1973-1976 Chairman of the State Council )

Finland Head of state: President Mauno Koivisto (1982-1994) (1968-1970, 1979-1982 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa (1972-1975, 1977-1979, 1982-1987)

France Head of state: President François Mitterrand (1981-1995)
Head of government: Prime Minister Laurent Fabius (1984-1986)

Greece Head of state: President Konstantinos Karamanlis (1980-1985, 1990-1995) (1955-1958, 1958-1961, 1961-1963, 1974-1980 Prime Minister )
Speaker of Parliament Ioannis Alevras (10 March 1985-29. March 1985) (acting)
President Christos Sartzetakis (March 30, 1985-1990 )

Ireland Head of state: President Patrick Hillery (1976-1990)

Iceland Head of state: President Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (1980-1996)
Head of government: Prime Minister Steingrímur Hemm (1983-1987, 1988-1991)

Italy Head of state: President Sandro Pertini ( 1978-29. June 1985)
President Francesco Cossiga (June 29, 1985-1992 ) ( July 3, acting) ( Prime Minister 1979-1980 )

Yugoslavia Head of state: Chairman of the Presidium Veselin Đuranović ( 1984-15. May 1985) ( 1977 to 1982 head of government)
Chairman of the Presidium of Radovan Vlajković (May 15, 1985-1986)

Liechtenstein Head of State: Prince Franz Josef II (1938-1989)
Head of government: Hans Brunhart (1978-1993)

Luxembourg Head of State: Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000)
Head of government: Minister of State Jacques Santer (1984-1995)

Malta Head of state: President Agatha Barbara (1982-1987)
Head of government: Prime Minister Carmelo Mifsud Bonnici (1984-1987)

Monaco Head of State: Prince Rainier III. (1949-2005)
Head of government: Minister of State Jean Herly ( 1981-16. September 1985)
Minister of State Jean Ausseil (September 16, 1985-1991)

Netherlands Head of state: Queen Beatrix (1980-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers (1982-1994)

Norway Head of state: King Olav V (1957-1991)
Head of government: Minister of State Kåre Willoch (1981-1986)

Austria Head of State: President Rudolf Kirchschläger (1974-1986)
Head of Government: Chancellor Fred Sinowatz (1983-1986)

Poland Party leader: first Secretary Wojciech Jaruzelski ( 1981-1989 ) ( Head of State 1985-1990 ) ( 1981-1985 Prime Minister )
Head of state: State Council Chairman Henryk Jabłoński ( 1972-6. November 1985)
State Council Chairman Wojciech Jaruzelski (6 November 1985-1990 ) ( 1981-1990 party leader ), ( Prime Minister 1981-1985 )

Prime Minister Wojciech Jaruzelski ( 1981-6. November 1985) ( party leader from 1981 to 1989 ) ( 1985 to 1990 Head of State)
Prime Minister Zbigniew Messner (6 November 1985-1988)

Portugal Head of state: President Ramalho Eanes (1976-1986)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mário Soares (1976-1978, 1983-6. November 1985) ( 1986-1996 President )
Prime Minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva (November 6, 1985 to 1995 ) ( president since 2006 )

Romania Party Leader: Secretary General Nicolae Ceauşescu (1965-1989) (1967-1989 head of state )
Head of state: Chairman of the State Council Nicolae Ceauşescu (1967-1989) (1965-1989 Party leader )
Head of government: Prime Minister Constantin Dăscălescu (1982-1989)

San Marino Captains Regent: Marino Bollini (1979, October 1st 1984-1. April 1985, 1995, 1999-2000) and Giuseppe Amici ( 1979-1980 October 1, 1984-1. April 1985)
Enzo Colombini (1 April 1985-1. October 1985, 2000-2001 ) and Severiano Tura (1 April 1985-1. October 1985)
Pier Paolo Gasperoni (1 October 1985-1. April 1986, 1996) and Ubaldo Biordi ( 1981-1982 October 1, 1985-1. April 1986)

Sweden Head of state: King Carl XVI. Gustaf ( since 1973)
Head of government: Prime Minister Olof Palme (1969-1976, 1982-1986)

Switzerland German President: Kurt Furgler (1977, 1981, 1985)
Bundesrat: Kurt Furgler (1972-1986)
Pierre Aubert (1978-1987)
Leon Schlumpf (1980-1987)
Alphons Egli (1983-1986)
Otto Stich (1984-1995)
Jean -Pascal Delamuraz (1984-1998)
Elisabeth Kopp (1984-1989)

Soviet Union Party leader: General Secretary of the CPSU Konstantin Chernenko ( 1984-10. March 1985) (1984-1985 head of state )
General Secretary of the CPSU Mikhail Gorbachev (March 11, 1985-1991) (1988-1989 head of state )

Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Konstantin Chernenko ( 1984-10. March 1985) (1984-1985 Party leader )
Stgellvertretender Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Vasily Kuznetsov (10 March 1985-2. July 1985) (acting)
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Andrei Gromyko (July 2, 1985-1988)

Chairman of the Council of Ministers Nikolai Tikhonov ( 1980-27. September 1985)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers Nikolai Ryzhkov (September 27, 1985-1991)

Spain Head of state: King Juan Carlos I (since 1975)
Head of government: Prime Minister Felipe González (1982-1996)

Czechoslovakia Party Leader: Chairman, Gustav Husak (1969-1987) (1975-1989 President )
Head of State: President, Gustav Husak (1975-1989) (1669-1987 Party leader )
Head of government: Prime Minister Lubomir Strougal (1970-1988)

Hungary Party Leader: General Secretary of the Party of the Hungarian Working People's János Kádár (1956-1988) (1956-1958, Prime Minister 1961-1965 )
Head of state: Chairman of the Presidential Council Losonczi Pál (1967-1987)
Head of government: Prime Minister György Lázár (1975-1987)

Vatican City Head of state: Pope John Paul II (1978-2005)
Head of government: Secretary of State Cardinal Agostino Casaroli (1979-1990)

United Kingdom Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952) ( crowned 1953)
Head of government: Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1979-1990)

Republic of Cyprus Heads of State and Head of Government: President Spyros Kyprianou (1977-1988)
Northern Cyprus ( internationally unrecognized ) Head of state: President Rauf Denktash (1983-2005)
Head of government:
Prime Minister Mustafa Çağatay ( 1983-19. July 1985)
Prime Minister Derviş Eroğlu (19 July 1985 to 1994, '1996 - 2004, 2009-2010 ) ( President since 2010 )

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