Piacenza
Piacenza / i ( in ancient Placentia; Πλακεντία Plakentia )? 's A city with 100 843 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) in northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Piacenza in Emilia -Romagna region and is situated near the confluence of the Po and Trebbia in the Lombard plain. The city is the commercial space and industrial center, are located in the oil and gas refineries. Furthermore, cement, food, plastic, leather goods and agricultural implements are made. Nearby there is an air force base.
It has interesting churches, including the cathedral in the Lombard Romanesque style ( 1122-1233 ).
History
Piacenza was 218 BC a Roman colony. During its walls were not finished, it had to fight back an attack by the Gauls, and in the same year it gave the remains of a Roman army under Scipio protection, which had been defeated in the great battle at the Trebia. 205 BC, the city resisted a long siege by Mago. Five years later, the Cisalpine Gauls burned the city, and in 190 BC they had to be repopulated with three thousand families. 187 BC, the city was connected by the construction of the Via Aemilia to Ariminum ( Rimini) and the south. She later became a very important intersection; the continuation of the Via Aemilia north to Mediolanum ( Milan ) with a turn-off to Ticinum (Pavia ) crossed the Po there, and Postumia of Cremona after Dertona and Genoa went through. Still later Augustus built the road from Dertona by Vade and on to Gallia Narbonensis new and gave her the name of Placentia Via Iulia Augusta. The rectangular street pattern in the center, through which the Via Aemilia was, is undoubtedly a relic of Roman times.
Placentia is mentioned in connection with the conquest by Cinna and the defeat of the troops Carbos nearby ( 82 BC ), a mutiny of Julius Caesar's garrison ( 50 BC ), another under Augustus ( 40 BC AD), the defense of the city by Spurinna ( Otho General ) against Caecina ( Vitellius ' General ) (69 AD).
As in the 3rd century with the Alemanni again was able to penetrate a barbarous people across the Alps into northern Italy for the first time, Placentia was one of the first major Roman cities were besieged by the invaders. The " soldier emperors " Aurelian marched then with an army to the north. Before the ramparts of the city there came then 271 to the Battle of Placentia, in which the Alemanni were able to surprise the Romans successful in their camp and do them a bitter defeat. The city was subsequently sacked by the Alemanni, enslaved a large part of the population. The case of the importance situated for the whole of the North Commerce of the Empire City destabilized the whole empire and sparked panic in the capital.
546 submitted Totila Piacenza due to a famine. Between 997 and 1035 the city was ruled by its bishops. Otto III had received the title of Count.
In the 12th and 13th centuries Piacenza was an important member of the Lombard League. In general, the city remained Guelf, but she cried a few times too powerful Ghibellines to help if they could help them against their local tyrants; was an example Galeazzo Visconti I.. 1447 Piacenza was conquered and plundered by Francesco I Sforza. After it was in 1512 occupied by the papal troops, it was united in 1545 with Parma to a hereditary duchy under Pier Luigi Farnese II, a son of Paul III .. Until 1731 it was ruled by the Farnese family, the architecture of the city coined. 1746 was fought a battle between the French and the Austrians in the Spanish army outside the city walls. In 1796 it was occupied by the French. 1848 Piacenza was one of the first Lombard cities that joined the Piedmont; but it was re-occupied until 1859 by the Austrians.
Coat of arms
Description: In red and white split. Front by a white middle - or Herzvierung and rear rotgezungte a blue bitch. About the coat of arms, a five towers golden mural crown.
Economy
In Piacenza diverse industries have settled, including the truck manufacturer Astra.
At San Damiano is a military airfield of the Italian Air Force. Since its military future is not certain, there are some years planning for civilian use. From 1995 to 2001 German fighter aircraft of type Tornado in Piacenza were stationed in support of multinational operations in the former Yugoslavia.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Giulio Ulisse Arata (1881-1962), architect
- Giorgio Armani ( born 1934 ), fashion designer
- Marco Bellocchio ( born 1939 ), director and screenwriter
- Gaetano Besozzi (* 1725 or 1727, † 1798), oboist and composer
- Giorgia Bronzini ( b. 1983 ), cyclist
- Bruno Cassinari (1912-1992), painter
- Corrado Confalonieri († 1351 ), hermit saint
- Nasalli Giovanni Rocca di Corneliano (1872-1952), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archbishop of Bologna
- Mario Nasalli Rocca di Corneliano (1903-1988), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
- Beppe Gabbiani (* 1957), race car driver
- Melchiorre Gioja (1767-1829), philosopher and economist
- Claudio Golinelli (born 1962 ), cyclist
- Gregory X (1210-1276), pope from 1271 to 1276
- Filippo Inzaghi (born 1973 ), football player
- Simone Inzaghi (born 1976 ), football player
- Umberto Malchiodi (1889-1974), Archbishop and Bishop Emeritus of Piacenza
- Giuseppe Orsi ( born 1945 ), manager
- Giovanni Paolo Pannini (1691-1765), painter and architect
- Domenico da Piacenza (* 1420, † 1475 ), an Italian dancer and choreographer of the 15th century, dance author
- Luigi Poggi (1917-2010), Vatican diplomat, Apostolic Nuncio and Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
- Sandro Puppo (1918-1986), football player and coach
- Gigi Rizzi (1944-2013), actor and Playboy
- Nina Zilli ( born 1980 ), singer