Cardinals created by John Paul II

In his 26 -year tenure ( 1978-2005 ), Pope John Paul II took 231 Cardinal surveys in nine Consistories more Kardinalskreierungen before than any other pope in church history. Here he often exceeded the proposed maximum number of members of the College of Cardinals. He also broke the Pope John XXIII. established practice that all cardinals had to have a bishop. Of the 231 who are called by him 22 the maximum age of 80 years had already passed for participating in a conclave in their cardinal survey. From them were at Conclave 2013, 121 alive. Of the 50 who had not yet crossed the age limit of 80 years, participated in this conclave part 48.

June 30, 1979

Italy Italy: Agostino Casaroli, Cardinal Secretary of State
Italy Italy: Giuseppe Caprio, president of administration of goods of the Apostolic See
Italy Italy: Marco Cézanne, Patriarch of Venice
Italy Italy: Righi - Lambertini Egano, Apostolic Nuncio to France and Permanent Observer of the Euro Europe in Strasbourg
Vietnam: Joseph Marie Trinh Van Can, Archbishop of Hanoi
Italy Italy: Ernesto Civardi, secretary of the Congregation for Bishops and Secretary of the Conclave 1978
Mexico Mexico: Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada, Archbishop of Mexico City
Japan Japan: Joseph Asajirō Satowaki, Archbishop of Nagasaki
France France: Roger Etchegaray, Archbishop of Marseille
Italy Italy: Anastasio Alberto Ballestrero OCD, Archbishop of Turin
Ireland Ireland: Tomás Séamus Ó Fiaich, Archbishop of Armagh
Canada Canada: Gerald Emmett Carter, Archbishop of Toronto
Poland Poland Franciszek Macharski, Archbishop of Krakow
Poland Poland: Władysław Rubin, Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches

People's Republic of China People's Republic of China: Ignatius Kung Pin- Mei, Bishop of Shanghai ( in pectore )

February 2, 1983

Lebanon Lebanon: Anton Peter Khoraiche, Maronite Patriarch of Antioch and all the East
Ivory Coast Ivory Coast: Bernard Yago, Archbishop of Abidjan
Italy Italy: Aurelio Sabattani, Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura
Yugoslavia Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Franjo Kuharić, Archbishop of Zagreb
Italy Italy: Giuseppe Casoria, Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Venezuela 1954 Venezuela: José Alí Lebrun Moratinos, Archbishop of Caracas
United States United States: Joseph Bernardin, Archbishop of Chicago
Thailand Thailand: Michael Mihai Kitbunchu, Archbishop of Bangkok
Angola Angola: Alexandre do Nascimento, Archbishop of Lubango
Colombia Colombia: Alfonso López Trujillo, Archbishop of Medellín
Belgium: Godfried Danneels, Archbishop of Mechelen -Brussels
New Zealand New Zealand: Thomas Stafford Williams, Archbishop of Wellington
Italy Italy: Carlo Maria Martini, SJ, Archbishop of Milan
France France: Jean- Marie Lustiger, Archbishop of Paris
Poland Poland: Józef Glemp, archbishop of Warsaw
Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany: Joachim Meisner, Bishop of Berlin

Already over 80:

France France: Henri de Lubac, SJ
Latvia Latvian SSR Soviet Socialist Republic: Julijans Vaivods

May 25, 1985

Italy Italy: Luigi Dadaglio, Kardinalgroßpönitentiar
India India: Duraisamy Simon Lourdusamy, Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
Nigeria Nigeria: Francis Arinze, president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue
Chile Chile: Juan Francisco Fresno Larraín, Archbishop of Santiago de Chile
Italy Italy: Antonio Innocenti, Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy
Nicaragua Nicaragua: Miguel Obando Bravo, SDB, Archbishop of Managua
Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany: Paul Augustin Mayer, OSB, Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Spain Ángel Suquía, Archbishop of Madrid
Belgium: Jean Jérôme Hamer OP, Prefect of the Congregation for Religious Communities
Philippines 1981 Philippines: Ricardo Vidal, Archbishop of Cebu
Poland Poland Henryk Roman Gulbinowicz, Archbishop of Breslau
Ethiopia 1975 Ethiopia: Paul Tzadua, Archbishop of Addis Ababa
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia: Jozef Tomko, prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
Ukraine Soviet Socialist Republic Ukrainian SSR: Myroslaw Ljubatschiwskyj, Archbishop of Lviv of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
Poland Poland Andrzej Maria Deskur, President Emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Social Communications
France France: Paul Poupard, President of the Secretariat for Non- Believers
Canada Canada: Louis- Albert Vachon, Archbishop of Quebec
France France: Albert Decourtray, Archbishop of Lyon
Venezuela 1954 Venezuela: Rosalio Lara SDB, President of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts
Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany: Friedrich Wetter, Archbishop of Munich and Freising
Italy Italy Silvano Piovanelli, Archbishop of Florence
Netherlands Netherlands: Adrianus Johannes Simonis, a Roman Catholic Archbishop of Utrecht
Canada Canada: Edouard Gagnon PSS, president of the Pontifical Council for the Family
Austria Austria: Alfons Maria Stickler, SDB, archivist and librarian of the Holy Roman Church
United States United States: Bernard Francis Law, Archbishop of Boston
United States United States: John Joseph O'Connor, Archbishop of New York
Italy Italy: Giacomo Biffi, Archbishop of Bologna

Already over 80:

Italy Italy: Pietro Pavan

June 28, 1988

Spain: Eduardo Martínez Somalo, prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Italy Italy: Achille Silvestrini, Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura
Italy Italy: Angelo Felici, Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
Canada Canada: Paul Grégoire, archbishop of Montreal
India India: Antony Padiyara, Major Archbishop of Ernakulam- Angamaly
Brazil Brazil: José Freire Falcão, Archbishop of Brasília
Italy Italy: Michele Giordano, Archbishop of Naples
Mozambique Mozambique: Alexandre José Maria dos Santos, OFM, Archbishop of Maputo
Italy Italy: Giovanni Canestri, Archbishop of Genoa - Bobbio
Spain: Antonio María Javierre Orta SDB, archivist and librarian of the Holy Roman Church
India India: Simon Ignatius Pimenta, Archbishop of Bombay
Colombia Colombia: Mario Revollo Bravo, Archbishop of Bogotá
Australia: Edward Bede Clancy, Archbishop of Sydney
Brazil Brazil: Lucas Moreira Neves, OP, Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia
United States United States: James Aloysius Hickey, Archbishop of Washington
United States United States: Edmund Casimir Szoka, Archbishop of Detroit
Hungary 1957 Hungary: László Paskai OFM, Archbishop of Esztergom- Budapest
Cameroon Cameroon: Christian Wiyghan Tumi, Archbishop of Douala
Austria Austria: Hans Hermann Groër OSB, Archbishop of Vienna
France France: Jacques -Paul Martin, Prefect Emeritus of the Prefecture of the Papal Household
Federal Republic of Germany Federal Republic of Germany: Franz Hengsbach, Bishop of Essen
Lithuania Soviet Socialist Republic Lithuanian SSR: Vincentas Sladkevičius MIC, Archbishop of Kaunas
Mauritius: Jean Margeot, Bishop of Port Louis
People's Republic of China People's Republic of China: John Baptist Wu Cheng- chung, Bishop of Hong Kong

Already over 80:

Switzerland Switzerland: Hans Urs von Balthasar ( died before the consistory )

June 28, 1991

Italy Italy: Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State
Romania Romania: Alexandru Todea, Major Archbishop of Fagaras and Alba Iulia
Italy Italy: Pio Laghi, Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education
Australia: Edward Idris Cassidy, president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
France France: Robert Coffy, Archbishop of Marseille
Zaire Zaire: Frédéric Etsou - Nzabi - Bamungwabi, Archbishop of Kinshasa
Dominican Republic: Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez, Archbishop of Santo Domingo
Philippines 1986 Philippines: José Sánchez, Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy
Italy Italy Virgilio Noè, Archpriest of the Vatican Basilica of St. Peter
Argentina Argentina: Antonio Quarracino, Archbishop of Buenos Aires
Italy Italy: Fiorenzo Angelini, President of the Pontifical Council for Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers
United States United States: Roger Michael Mahony, Archbishop of Los Angeles
Mexico Mexico: Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo, Archbishop of Guadalajara
United States United States: Anthony Joseph Bevilacqua, Archbishop of Philadelphia
Italy Italy: Giovanni Saldarini, Archbishop of Turin
Ireland Ireland Cahal Daly, Archbishop of Armagh
Italy Italy: Camillo Ruini, Cardinal Vicar of the Diocese of Rome and Archpriest of the Lateran Basilica
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia: Ján Chryzostom Korec SJ, Bishop of Nitra
Switzerland Switzerland: Henri Schwery, Bishop of Sion
Germany Germany: Georg Sterzinsky, Bishop of Berlin

Already over 80:

Italy Italy: Guido del Mestri
Italy Italy: Paolo Dezza, SJ

November 26, 1994

Lebanon Lebanon: Nasrallah Pierre Sfeir, Maronite Patriarch of Antioch and all the East
Czech Republic Czech Republic Miloslav Vlk, Archbishop of Prague
Italy Italy: Luigi Poggi, archivist and librarian of the Holy Roman Church
Japan Japan: Peter Seiichi Shirayanagi, Archbishop of Tokyo
Italy Italy: Vincenzo Fagiolo, President of the Pontifical Council for the interpretation of legal texts
Italy Italy: Carlo Furno, Apostolic Nuncio in Italy
Chile Chile: Carlos Oviedo Cavada, Archbishop of Santiago de Chile
United Kingdom United Kingdom: Thomas Joseph Winning, Archbishop of Glasgow
Mexico Mexico: Adolfo Antonio Suárez Rivera, Archbishop of Monterrey
Cuba Cuba Jaime Ortega, Archbishop of Havana
Indonesia Indonesia: Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja SJ, Archbishop of Semarang
Belgium: Jan Schotte, CICM, President of the Labour Office of the Apostolic See
France France: Pierre Eyt, Archbishop of Bordeaux
Switzerland Switzerland: Gilberto Agustoni, Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura
Uganda Uganda: Emmanuel Wamala, Archbishop of Kampala
United States United States: William Henry Keeler, Archbishop of Baltimore
Peru Peru: Augusto Vargas Alzamora SJ, Archbishop of Lima
Canada Canada: Jean -Claude Turcotte, Archbishop of Montréal
Spain: Ricardo María Carles Gordo, Archbishop of Barcelona
United States United States. Adam Joseph Maida, Archbishop of Detroit
Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992 Bosnia and Herzegovina: Vinko Puljic, Archbishop of Vrhbosna (Sarajevo)
Madagascar Madagascar: Armand Gaétan Razafindratandra, Archbishop of Antananarivo
Vietnam: Paul Joseph Phạm Đình Tung, Archbishop of Hanoi
Mexico Mexico: Juan Sandoval Iñiguez, Archbishop of Guadalajara

Already over 80:

Ecuador Ecuador: Bernardino Echeverría Ruiz, OFM, Archbishop Emeritus of Guayaquil
Italy Italy: Ersilio Tonini, Archbishop Emeritus of Ravenna - Cervia
Belarus 1991 Belarus: Kazimierz Świątek
France France: Yves -Marie -Joseph Congar OP
Albania Albania: Mikel Koliqi
Germany Germany: Alois Grill Meier SJ

February 21, 1998

Chile Chile: Jorge Arturo Medina Estévez, Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Italy Italy: Alberto Bovone, Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
Colombia Colombia: Darío Castrillón Hoyos, Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy
Italy Italy: Lorenzo Antonetti, President of the estate management of the Apostolic See
United States United States: James Francis Stafford, President of the Pontifical Council for the Laity
Italy Italy: Salvatore De Giorgi, archbishop of Palermo
Brazil Brazil: Serafim Fernandes de Araújo, Archbishop of Belo Horizonte
Spain: Antonio María Rouco Varela, Archbishop of Madrid
Canada Canada: Aloysius Ambrozic, Archbishop of Toronto
France France: Jean Balland, Archbishop of Lyon
Italy Italy: Dionigi Tettamanzi, Archbishop of Genoa
Tanzania: Polycarp Pengo, Archbishop of Dar es Salaam
Austria Austria: Christoph Schonborn OP, archbishop of Vienna
Mexico Mexico: Norberto Rivera Carrera, Archbishop of Mexico City
United States United States: Francis George, OMI, Archbishop of Chicago
People's Republic of China People's Republic of China: Paul Shan Kuo -hsi, SJ, Bishop of Diocese of Kaohsiung
Italy Italy: Giovanni Cheli, President of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migration and Itinerant People
Italy Italy: Francesco Colasuonno, Apostolic Nuncio to Italy and San Marino
Italy Italy: Dino Monduzzi, Prefect of the Papal Household

Latvia Latvia Jānis Pujats, Archbishop of Riga ( in pectore )
Ukraine: Marian Jaworski, Archbishop of Lviv Roman Catholic ( in pectore )

Croatia Croatia Josip Uhač ( Croatia) ( died before the consistory )

Already over 80:

Poland Poland: Adam Kozlowiecki SJ

February 21, 2001

Italy Italy: Giovanni Battista Re, prefect of the Congregation for Bishops
Vietnam: François Xavier Nguyên Van Thuan, President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
Italy Italy: Agostino Cacciavillan, President of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Holy See
Italy Italy: Sergio Sebastiani, president of the Prefecture of Economic Affairs of the Holy See
Poland Poland: Zenon Grocholewski, Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education
Portugal: José Saraiva Martins CMF, prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
Argentina Argentina: Jorge María Mejía, archivist and librarian of the Holy Roman Church
Syria Syria: Ignatius Moussa I Daoud, prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
Italy Italy: Mario Francesco Pompedda, prefect of the Supreme Court of the Apostolic Signatura
Germany Germany: Walter Kasper, president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
Ecuador Ecuador: Antonio González Zumárraga, Quito
India India: Ivan Dias, Bombay
Colombia Colombia: Pedro Rubiano Sáenz, Bogota
United States United States: Theodore Edgar McCarrick, Washington, DC
Chile Chile: Francisco Javier Errazuriz Ossa, Santiago de Chile
France France: Louis -Marie Billé, Lyon
Venezuela 1954 Venezuela: Antonio Ignacio Velasco Garcia SDB, Caracas
Peru Peru: Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne, Lima
Spain: Francisco Álvarez Martínez, Toledo
Brazil Brazil: Claudio Humes OFM, São Paulo
Argentina Argentina: Jorge Mario Bergoglio SJ, (now Pope Francis ), Buenos Aires
Portugal: José da Cruz Policarpo, Patriarch of Lisbon
Italy Italy: Severino Poletto of Turin
United Kingdom United Kingdom: Cormac Murphy - O'Connor, Westminster
United States United States: Edward Michael Egan, New York
Brazil Brazil: Geraldo Majella Agnelo, São Salvador da Bahia
Honduras Honduras: Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB, Tegucigalpa
Ivory Coast Ivory Coast: Bernard Agre, Abidjan
Bolivia Bolivia: Julio Terrazas Sandoval CSSR, Santa Cruz della Sierra
South Africa South Africa: Wilfrid Fox Napier, OFM, Durban
Lithuania Lithuania: Audrys Backis, Vilnius
Germany Germany: Johannes Joachim Degenhardt, Paderborn
Germany Germany: Karl Lehmann of Mainz
Italy Italy: Crescenzio Sepe, Secretary General of the Committee for the Great Jubilee
Ireland Ireland: Desmond Connell, Dublin
India India: Varkey Vithayathil CSSR, Major Archbishop of Ernakulam- Angemaly of the Syro - Malabar
Ukraine: Ljubomyr MSU Husar, Major Archbishop of Lviv of the Ukrainians
Italy Italy: Roberto Tucci, SJ, Vatican Radio

Already over 80:

France France: Jean Marcel Honoré, Archbishop Emeritus of Tours
Germany Germany: Scheffczyk, Ludwig- Maximilians- University of Munich
United States United States: Avery Dulles, SJ, Fordham University, New York
Egypt Egypt: Stephanos II Ghattas, CM, Patriarch of Alexandria of the Copts

October 21, 2003

France France: Jean -Louis Tauran, archivist and librarian of the Holy Roman Church
Italy Italy: Renato Raffaele Martino, President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
Italy Italy: Francesco Marchisano, Archpriest of the Vatican Basilica
Spain: Julián Herranz Casado, President of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts
Mexico Mexico: Javier Lozano Barragan, president of the Pontifical Council for Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers
Japan Japan: Stephen Fumio Hamao, President of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People
Italy Italy: Attilio Nicora, Prefect of the administration of goods of the Apostolic See
Italy Italy: Angelo Scola, Patriarch of Venice
Nigeria Nigeria: Anthony Olubunmi Okogie, Archbishop of Lagos
France France: Bernard Panafieu, Archbishop of Marseille
Sudan Sudan: Gabriel Zubeir Wako, Archbishop of Khartoum
Spain: Carlos Amigo Vallejo, OFM, Archbishop of Seville
United States United States: Justin Francis Rigali, Archbishop of Philadelphia
United Kingdom United Kingdom: Keith Patrick O'Brien, Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh
Brazil Brazil: Eusébio Scheid SCJ, Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro
Italy Italy: Ennio Antonelli, Archbishop of Florence
Italy Italy: Tarcisio Bertone SDB, Archbishop of Genoa
Ghana Ghana: Peter Turkson, Archbishop of Cape Coast
India India: Telesphore Placidus Toppo, Archbishop of Ranchi
Australia: George Pell, Archbishop of Sydney
Croatia Croatia Josip Bozanic, Archbishop of Zagreb
Vietnam: Jean -Baptiste Phạm Minh Man, Archbishop of Thành Pho Ho Chí Minh `
Guatemala Guatemala: Rodolfo Quezada Toruño, Archbishop of Guatemala City
France France: Philippe Barbarin, Archbishop of Lyon
Hungary Hungary: Péter Erdo, archbishop of Esztergom- Budapest
Canada Canada: Marc Ouellet PSS, Archbishop of Québec

Already over 80:

Czech Republic Czech Republic Tomáš Špidlík SJ
Poland Poland Stanisław Nagy SCJ
Switzerland Switzerland: Georges Cottier, OP
Belgium: Gustaaf Joos

In pectore was not published

518490