List of state leaders in 2012

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3.1 East, South and Southeast Asia
3.2 Middle East
3.3 Central Asia

Africa

Egypt Head of state: Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces Mohammed Hussein Tantawi ( 2011-30. June 2012)
President Mohammed Mursi (June 30, 2012-2013)

Prime Minister Kamal al - Ganzuri (1996-1999, 2011-2. August 2012)
Prime Minister Hescham Kandil (2 August 2012-2013)

Algeria Head of state: President Abdelaziz Bouteflika (since 1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia (1995-1998, 2003-2006, 2008-3. September 2012 )
Prime Minister Abdelmalek Sellal (3 September 2012-2014 )

Angola Heads of state and head of government: President Jose Eduardo dos Santos ( since 1979)

Equatorial Guinea Head of state: President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (since 1979) ( to 1982 Chairman of the Supreme Military Council )
Head of government: Ignacio Milam Tang Prime Minister ( 2008-21. May 2012)
Prime Minister Vicente Ehate Tomi ( since 21 May 2012)

Ethiopia Head of state: President Girma Wolde-Giorgis (2001-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Meles Zenawi ( 1995-20. August 2012) (1991-1995 President )
Hailemariam Desalegn Prime Minister (since August 20, 2012 ) (acting to 21 September 2012 )

Benin Head of state: President Boni Yayi (since 2006)
Head of government: Prime Minister Pascal Koupaki (2011-2013)

Botswana Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ian Khama (since 2008)

Burkina Faso Head of state: President Blaise Compaoré (since 1987)
Head of government: Prime Minister Luc Adolphe Tiao - ( since 2011 )

Burundi Heads of state and head of government: President Pierre Nkurunziza (since 2005)

Djibouti Head of state: President Ismail Omar Guelleh (since 1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed Dileita Dileita (2001-2013)

Ivory Coast Head of state: President Alassane Ouattara (since 2010) (1990-1993 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Guillaume Soro (2007-13. March 2012)
Prime Minister Jeannot Ahoussou - Kouadio (13 March 2012-21. November 2012 )
Prime Minister Daniel Kablan Duncan (1993-1999, November 21, 2012)

Eritrea Heads of State and Head of Government: President Isaias Afewerki (since 1993)

Gabon Head of state: President Ali - Ben Bongo Ondimba (since 2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Paul Mba Biyoghe ( 2009-27. February 2012)
Prime Minister Raymond Ndong Sima (February 27, 2012-2014 )

Gambia Heads of state and head of government: President Yahya Jammeh (since 1994) ( Chairman of the Provisional Governing Council until 1996 the Army)

Ghana Heads of State and Head of Government: President John Atta Mills ( 2009-24. , 2012 )
President John Dramani Mahama ( since 24 July 2012)

Guinea Head of state: President Alpha Condé (since 2010)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed Saïd Fofana (since 2010)

Guinea- Bissau Head of state: President Malam Bacai Sanhá (1999-2000, 2009-9. January 2012)
President of the National Assembly, Raimundo Pereira (2009, January 9, 2012-12. April 2012) (acting)
Leader of the military command Mamadou Ture Kuruma (12 April 2012-11. May 2012)
President Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo ( from 11 May 2012)

Prime Minister Carlos Gomes Júnior (2004-2005, 2009-10. February 2012)
Prime Minister Diallo Adiato Nandigna (10 February 2012-12. April 2012)
Prime Minister Rui Duarte de Barros ( since 12 April 2012) (acting)

Cameroons Head of state: President Paul Biya ( since 1982)
Head of government: Prime Minister Philémon Yunji Yang (since 2009)

Cape Verde Head of state: President Jorge Carlos Fonseca ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Neves (since 2001)

Kenya Head of state: President Mwai Kibaki (2002-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Raila Odinga (2008-2013)

Comoros Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ikililou Dhoinine ( since 2011 )

Democratic Republic of Congo ( Congo - Leopoldville to 1964, 1964 to 1971 Democratic Republic of Congo, 1971-1997 Zaïre) Head of state: President Joseph Kabila (since 2001)
Head of government: Prime Minister Adolphe Muzito ( 2008-6. March 2012)
Deputy Prime Minister Louis Koyagialo (6 March 2012-18. April 2012) (acting)
Prime Minister Augustin Matata Ponyo ( since 18 April 2012)

Republic of the Congo (1960-1970 Congo - Brazzaville, People's Republic of Congo 1970-1992 ) Heads of state and head of government: President Denis Sassou Nguesso (1979-1992, since 1997)

Lesotho Head of state: King Letsie III. (1990-1995, since 1996)
Head of government: Prime Minister Bethuel Pakalitha Mosisili ( 1998-8. June 2012)
Prime Minister Tom Thabane ( since 8 June 2012)

Liberia Heads of state and head of government: President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (since 2006)

Libya Head of state: Chairman of the National Transitional Council Mustafa Abd al - Jalil ( 2011-9. August 2012)
President of the General Assembly Muhammad Ali Salim (9 August 2012-10. August 2012)
President of the General Assembly Mohamed Yusuf al Magariaf ( since 10 August 2012)

Prime Minister Abdel Rahim el- Kib ( 2011-12. September 2012 )
Prime Minister Mustafa Abu Schagur (13 September 2012-7. October 2012 )
Prime Minister Ali Seidan (14 October 2012-2014 )

Madagascar Head of state: President Andry Rajoelina (2009-2014)
Head of government: Prime Minister Omer Beriziky ( since 2011 )

Malawi Heads of State and Head of Government: President Bingu wa Mutharika ( 2004-5. April 2012)
President Joyce Banda ( since 5 April 2012) ( to April 7, acting)

Mali Head of state: President Amadou Toumani Touré (1991-1992, 2002-22. March 2012)
President Amadou Haya Sanogo (22 March 2012-12. April 2012)
Chairman of the National Committee for the Restoration of Democracy and State Dioncounda Traoré (April 12, 2012-2013) (acting)

Prime Minister Cissé Mariam Sidibé Kaïdama ( 2011-22. March 2012)
Cheick Modibo Diarra Prime Minister (22 March 2012-11. December 2012) (acting)
Prime Minister Django Sissoko (December 11, 2012-2013) (acting)

Morocco Head of State: King Mohammed VI. (since 1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Abdelilah Benkirane ( since 2011 )

Mauritania Head of state: President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz (2008-2009, since 2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed Ould Moulaye Laghdhaf (since 2008)

Mauritius Head of state: President Anerood Jugnauth ( 2003-31. March 2012) ( 1982-1985, 2000-2003 Prime Minister )
Vice President Monique Ohsan Bellepeau (31 March 2012-21. July 2012) (acting)
President Kailash Purryag ( since 21 July 2012)

Mozambique Head of state: President Armando Guebuza (since 2005)
Head of government: Prime Minister Aires Ali ( 2010-8. October 2012 )
Prime Minister Alberto Vaquina (since October 8, 2012 )

Namibia Head of state: President Hifikepunye Pohamba (since 2005)
Head of government: Prime Minister Nahas Angula ( 2005-4. December 2012)
Prime Minister Hage Geingob (1990-2002, since December 4, 2012 )

Niger Head of state: President Mahamadou Issoufou ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Brigi Rafini ( since 2011 )

Nigeria Heads of State and Head of Government: President Goodluck Jonathan (since 2010)

Rwanda Head of state: President Paul Kagame (since 2000)
Head of government: Prime Minister Pierre Habumuremyi ( since 2011 )

Zambia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Michael Sata ( since 2011 )

Sao Tome and Principe Head of state: President Manuel Pinto da Costa (1975-1991, since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Patrice Trovoada (2008, 2010-12. December 2012)
Prime Minister Gabriel Arcanjo da Costa (2002, since 12 December 2012)

Senegal Head of state: President Abdoulaye Wade ( 2000-2. April 2012)
President Macky Sall ( since 2 April 2012) (2004-2007 Prime Minister )

Prime Minister Souleymane Ndiaye in sunbeds ( 2009-5. April 2012)
Prime Minister Abdoul Mbaye (5 April 2012-2013)

Seychelles Heads of State and Head of Government: President James Alix Michel ( since 2004)

Sierra Leone Heads of State and Head of Government: President Ernest Koroma (since 2007)

Zimbabwe Head of state: President Robert Mugabe (since 1987) ( 1980-1987 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai (2009-2013)

Somalia Head of state: President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed ( 2009-20. August 2012)
Speaker of Parliament Muse Hassan Abdulle (20 August 2012-28. August 2012) (acting)
President Mohammed Osman Jawari (28 August 2012-16. September 2012 ) (acting)
President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (since September 16, 2012 )

Prime Minister Abdiweli Mohamed Ali ( 2011-17. October 2012 )
Prime Minister Abdi Farah Shirdon (17 October 2012-2013)

Heads of state and head of government: President Ahmed Mohamed Silanyo Mahamoud (since 2010)

South Africa Heads of state and head of government: President Jacob Zuma (since 2009)

Sudan Heads of state and head of government: President Umar al -Bashir (since 1989)

South Sudan Heads of State and Head of Government: President Salva Kiir Mayardit ( since 2011 )

Swaziland Head of state: King Mswati III. (since 1986)
Head of government: Prime Minister Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini (1996-2003, since 2008)

Tanzania Head of State: President Jakaya Kikwete (since 2005)
Head of government: Prime Minister Pinda Mizengo (since 2008)

Togo Head of state: President Faure Gnassingbé (2005, since 2005)
Head of government: Prime Minister Gilbert Houngbo ( 2008-23. July 2012)
Prime Minister Kwesi Ahoomey - Zunu ( since 23 July 2012)

Chad Head of state: President Idriss Déby (since 1990)
Head of government: Prime Minister Emmanuel Nadingar (2010-2013)

Tunisia Head of state: President Moncef Marzouki ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Hamadi Jebali (2011-2013)

Uganda Head of state: President Yoweri Museveni (since 1986)
Head of government: Prime Minister Amama Mbabazi ( since 2011 )

Western Sahara (disputed ) Head of state: President Mohamed Abdelaziz ( since 1976) (in exile )
Head of government: Prime Minister Abdelkader Taleb Oumar (since 2003) (in exile )

Central African Republic Head of state: President François Bozizé (2003-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Faustin Archange Touadéra (2008-2013)

America

North America

Canada Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Governor General David Johnston (since 2010)

Mexico Heads of State and Head of Government: President Felipe Calderón ( 2006-1. December 2012)
President Enrique Peña Nieto (since 1 December 2012)

United States of America Heads of State and Head of Government: President Barack Obama ( since 2009)

Central America

Antigua and Barbuda Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981) Governor General Louise Lake -Tack (since 2007)

Bahamas Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1973) Governor General Arthur Foulkes (since 2010)

Prime Minister Hubert Ingraham (1992-2002, 2007-8. May 2012)
Prime Minister Perry Christie (2002-2007, since 8 May 2012)

Barbados Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1966) Governor General Elliot Belgrave (. 2011-30 May 2012) (acting)
Governor General: Sandra Mason (30 May 2012-1 June 2012. ) (Acting)
Governor General Elliot Belgrave (2011-2012, since June 1, 2012)

Belize Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981) Governor General: Colville Young ( 1993 )

Costa Rica Heads of State and Head of Government: President Laura Chinchilla (since 2010)

Dominica Head of state: President Nicholas Liverpool ( 2003-17. September 2012 )
President Eliud Williams (17 September 2012-2013)

Dominican Republic Heads of State and Head of Government: President Leonel Fernández (1996-2000, 2004-16. August 2012)
President Danilo Medina (since 16 August 2012)

El Salvador Heads of state and head of government: President Mauricio Funes (since 2009)

Grenada Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1974) Governor General Carlyle Glean (2008-2013)

Guatemala Heads of State and Head of Government: President Álvaro Colom Caballeros ( 2008-14. January 2012)
President Otto Pérez Molina (since January 14, 2012 )

Haiti Head of state: President Michel Martelly ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Garry Conille ( 2011-16. May 2012)
Prime Minister Laurent Lamothe (since 16 May 2012)

Honduras Heads of State and Head of Government: President Porfirio Lobo Sosa (2010-2014)

Jamaica Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1962) Governor General Patrick Allen ( since 2009)

Prime Minister Andrew Holness ( 2011-5. January 2012)
Prime Minister Portia Simpson Miller (2006-2007, since January 5, 2012 )

Cuba Head of state and head of government: President of the State Council and the Council of Ministers Raul Castro (since 2006) (until 2008 provisional)

Nicaragua Heads of State and Head of Government: President Daniel Ortega (1985-1990, since 2007) ( 1979 to 1985 member of the Government Junta of National Reconstruction )

Panama Heads of state and head of government: President Ricardo Martinelli (since 2009)

St. Kitts and Nevis Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1983) Governor General Cuthbert Sebastian (1996-2013)

St. Lucia Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1979) Governor General: Pearlette Louisy (since 1997)

St. Vincent and the Grenadines Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1979) Governor General Frederick Ballantyne (since 2002)

Trinidad and Tobago Head of state: President George Maxwell Richards (2003-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Kamla Persad - Bissessar (since 2010)

South America

Argentina Heads of state and head of government: President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner ( since 2007)

Bolivia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Evo Morales ( since 2006)

Brazil Heads of State and Head of Government: President Dilma Rousseff ( since 2011 )

Chile Heads of State and Head of Government: President Sebastián Piñera (2010-2014)

Ecuador Heads of State and Head of Government: President Rafael Correa (since 2007)

Guyana Head of state: President Donald Ramotar ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Sam Hinds (1992-1997, 1997-1999, 1999 ) (1997 President )

Colombia Heads of state and head of government: President Juan Manuel Santos ( since 2010)

Paraguay Heads of State and Head of Government: President Fernando Lugo ( 2008-22. June 2012)
President Federico Franco (June 22, 2012-2013)

Peru Head of state: President Ollanta Humala ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Oscar Valdes (11 December 2011-23. July 2012)
Prime Minister Juan Jiménez Mayor (July 23, 2012-2013)

Suriname Heads of State and Head of Government: President Dési Bouterse (1980, 1982, since 2010)
Head of Government: Vice President Robert Ameerali (since 2010)

Uruguay Heads of state and head of government: President Jose Mujica (since 2010)

Venezuela Heads of state and head of government: President Hugo Chávez (1999-2002, 2002-2013)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bangladesh Head of state: President Zillur Rahman (2009-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Hasina Wajed (1996-2001, since 2009)

Bhutan Head of state: King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (since 2006)
Head of government: Prime Minister Jigme Thinley (1998-1999, 2003-2004, 2008-2013)

Brunei Heads of State and Head of Government: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (since 1967)

Republic of China ( Taiwan) Head of state: President Ma Ying- jeou (since 2008)
Head of government: Premier Wu Den -yih ( 2009-6. February 2012)
Premier Sean Chen (February 6, 2012-2013)

People's Republic of China Head of State: President Hu Jintao (2003-2013)
Head of government: Chairman of the State Council Wen Jiabao (2003-2013)

India Head of state: President Pratibha Patil ( 2007-25. July 2012)
President Pranab Mukherjee (since 25 July 2012)

Indonesia Head of state and head of government: President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (since 2004)

Japan Head of State: Emperor Akihito (since 1989)
Head of government: Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda ( 2011-26. December 2012)
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (2006-2007, since December 26, 2012 )

Cambodia Head of state: King Norodom Sihamoni (since 2004)
Head of Government: Prime Minister Hun Sen (since 1985)

North Korea Chairman of the National Defence Commission Kim Jong- un ( since 13 April 2012)
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly Kim Yong -nam (since 1998)
Head of government: Prime Minister Choe Yong -rim (2010-2013)

South Korea Head of state: President Lee Myung -bak (2008-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Kim Hwang -sik (2010-2013)

Laos Head of state: President Choummaly Sayasone (since 2006)
Head of government: Prime Minister Thongsing Thammavong (since 2010)

Malaysia Head of State: Supreme ruler Abdul Halim Shah Mu'adzam ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Najib Razak (since 2009)

Maldives Heads of State and Head of Government: President Mohamed Nasheed ( 2008-7. February 2012)
President Mohammed Waheed Hassan (February 7, 2012-2013)

Myanmar Heads of State and Head of Government: President Thein Sein (since 2011) ( Prime Minister 2007-2011 )

Nepal Head of state: President Ram Baran Yadav (since 2008)
Head of government: Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai (2011-2013)

East Timor Head of state: President José Ramos- Horta ( 2007-20. May 2012) (2006-2007 Prime Minister )
Taur Matan Ruak President (since May 20, 2012 )

Pakistan Head of state: President Asif Ali Zardari (2008-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani ( 2008-19. June 2012)
Prime Minister Raja Pervez Ashraf (June 22, 2012-2013)

Philippines Heads of State and Head of Government: President Benigno Aquino III. (since 2010)

Singapore Head of state: President Tony Tan Keng Yam ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong (since 2004)

Sri Lanka Head of state: President Mahinda Rajapaksa (since 2005) (2004-2005 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister DM Jayaratne (since 2010)

Thailand Head of state: King Rama IX. Bhumibol Adulyadej (since 1946)
Head of government: Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra ( since 2011 )

Vietnam Head of state: President Trương Tấn Sang ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung (since 2006)

Southwest Asia

Armenia Head of state: President Serzh Sargsyan (since 2008) (2007-2008 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan (since 2008)

Azerbaijan Head of state: President Ilham Aliyev (since 2003)
Head of government: Prime Minister Artur Rasizadä (1996-2003, since 2003)
Nagorno-Karabakh ( not recognized internationally ) Head of state: President Bako Sahakjan (since 2007)
Head of government: Prime Minister Arajik Harutyunyan (since 2007)

Bahrain Head of state: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (since 1999) ( to 2002 Emir )
Head of government: Prime Minister Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (since 1971)

Georgia Head of state: President Mikheil Saakashvili (2004-2007, 2008-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Nika Gilauri ( 2009-4. July 2012)
Prime Minister Vano Merabishvili (4 July 2012-25. October 2012 )
Prime Minister Bidsina Ivanishvili (25 October 2012-2013)

Head of state: President Alexander Ankvab ( since 29 May 2011) ( to September 26, 2011 acting) (2005-2010 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Leonid Lakerbaia ( since 2011 )

Head of state: Prime Minister Vadim Browzew ( 2011-19. April 2012) (acting)
President Leonid Tibilow ( since 19 April 2012)

Prime Minister Vadim Browzew ( 2009-26. April 2012)
Prime Minister Rostislav Chugajew (April 26, 2012-2014 )

Iraq Head of state: President Jalal Talabani (since 2005)
Head of government: Prime Minister Nuri al -Maliki (since 2006)

Iran Religious leader: Supreme Leader Ali Chamene'i (since 1989) ( Prime Minister 1981-1989 )
Head of government: President Mahmud Ahmadinejad (2005-2013)

Israel Head of state: President Shimon Peres (since 2007) (1977, 1984-1986, 1995-1996 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (1996-1999, since 2009)

Yemen Head of state: President Ali Abdullah Saleh ( 1990-25. February 2012) ( 1978 to 1990 President of North Yemen )
President Abed Rabbo Mansur Hadi (since 25 February 2012)

Jordan Head of State: King Abdullah II (since 1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Shaukat Aun al - Chasauneh ( 2011-2. May 2012)
Prime Minister Fayez al - Tarawneh (1998-1999, May 2, 2012-11. October 2012 )
Prime Minister Abdullah Ensour ( Oct. 11 2012)

Qatar Head of State: Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (1995-2013) (1995-1996 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani (2007-2013)

Kuwait Head of State: Emir Sabah al -Ahmad al - Jabir al- Sabah (since 2006) (2003-2006 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Jaber Mubarak al - Hamad al- Sabah ( since 2011 )

Lebanon Head of state: President Michel Sleiman (since 2008)
Head of government: Prime Minister Najib Miqati (2005, 2011-2014 )

Oman Heads of State and Head of Government: Sultan Qaboos bin Said (since 1970 )

Palestinian Territories Head of state: President Mahmoud Abbas (since 2005 ) (2003 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Ismail Haniyya (2006-2007) (reigned continue the Gaza Strip and recognizes Fayyad not )
Prime Minister Salam Fayyad (2007-2013) ( ruled de facto in the West Bank)

Saudi Arabia Heads of State and Head of Government: King Abdullah bin Abd al- Aziz (since 2005)

Syria Head of state: President Bashar al -Assad (since 2000)
Head of government: Prime Minister Adel Safar ( 2011-26. June 2012)
Prime Minister Riyad Farid Hijab (26 June 2012-6. August 2012)
Prime Minister Omar Ghalawandschi (6 August 2012-11. August 2012) (acting)
Prime Minister Wael al - Halki ( was August 11, 2012 )

Turkey Head of state: President Abdullah Gül (since 2007) (2002-2003 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (since 2003)

United Arab Emirates Head of state: President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan (since 2004) (since 2004 Emir of Abu Dhabi )
Head of government: Prime Minister Muhammad bin Rashid Al Maktoum (since 2006) (since 2006 Emir of Dubai)

Central Asia

Afghanistan Heads of State and Head of Government: President Hamid Karzai (since 2001)

Kazakhstan Head of state: President Nursultan Nazarbayev (since 1991)
Head of government: Prime Minister Karim Mässimow ( 2007-24. September 2012 since 2014)
Serik Akhmetov Minister (September 24, 2012-2014 )

Kyrgyzstan Head of state: President Almazbek Atambayev ( since 2011 ) (2007, Prime Minister from 2010 to 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Ömürbek Babanow ( 2011-1. September 2012 )
Prime Minister Aaly Karaschew (1 September 2012-5. September 2012 ) (acting)
Prime Minister Dschantörö Satybaldijew (September 5, 2012 to 2014 )

Mongolia Head of state: President Elbegdorj Tsakhiagiin (since 2009) (1998, Prime Minister from 2004 to 2006 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Süchbaataryn Batbold ( 2009-9. August 2012)
Prime Minister Norowyn Altanchujag (2009, since 9 August 2012)

Tajikistan Head of state: President Emomali Rahmon (since 1992)
Head of government: Prime Minister Oqil Oqilow (1999-2013)

Turkmenistan Heads of state and head of government: President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov (since 2006) (until 2007 provisional)

Uzbekistan Head of state: President Islom Karimov (since 1991)
Head of government: Prime Minister Shavkat Mirziyoyev (since 2003)

Australasia

Australia Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Governor-General Quentin Bryce (since 2008)

Cook Islands ( independent state in free association with New Zealand ) Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965) Queen's Representative: Frederick Tutu Goodwin (2001-2013)

Fiji Head of state: President Epeli Nailatikau (since 2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama (since 2007) (acting) (2000 chairman of the military government )

Kiribati Heads of State and Head of Government: President Anote Tong (since 2003)

Marshall Islands Heads of State and Head of Government: President Jure long Zedkaia ( 2009-10. January 2012)
President Christopher Loeak ( since 10 January 2012)

Micronesia Heads of State and Head of Government: President Manny Mori (since 2007)

Nauru Heads of State and Head of Government: President Sprent Dabwido (2011-2013)

New Zealand Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Governor General Jerry Mate Para ( since 2011 )

Niue ( an independent state in free association with New Zealand ) Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1974) Queen's representative: Governor-General of New Zealand

Palau Heads of State and Head of Government: President Johnson Toribiong (2009-2013)

Papua New Guinea Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1975) Governor-General Michael Ogio (since 2010)

Solomon Islands Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1978) Governor General Frank Kabui (since 2009)

Samoa Head of state: O le Ao o le Malo Tupuola Taisi Tufuga Efi (since 2007) ( 1976-1982, 1988-1998 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi (since 1998)

Tonga Head of state: King George Tupou V. ( 2006-18. March 2012)
King Tupou VI. ( since 18 March 2012) (2000-2006 Prime Minister )

Tuvalu Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II ( since 1978) Governor General: Iakoba Italeli (since 2010)

Vanuatu Head of state: President Iolu Abil (since 2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Sato Kilman (2010-2011, 2011, 2011-2013)

Europe

Albania Head of state: President Bamir Topi ( 2007-24. July 2012)
President Bujar Nishani ( since 24 July 2012)

Andorra Co - Prince: President of France: Nicolas Sarkozy ( 2007̣-15. May 2012)
François Hollande ( since 15 May 2012)

Belgium Head of State: King Albert II (1993-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo ( since 2011 )

Bosnia and Herzegovina Head of state: Chairman of the Presidency Željko Komšić (2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2011-10. March 2012, 2013-2014 )
Chairman of the Presidency Bakir Izetbegovic (10 March 2012-10. November 2012, since 2014)
Chairman of the Presidency Nebojša Radmanović (2006-2007, 2008-2009, 2010-2011, November 10, 2012-2013)

Bakir Izetbegovic (since 2010) ( Bosniaks )
Željko Komšić (since 2006) ( Croats )
Nebojša Radmanović (since 2006) ( Serbian )

President of the Council of Ministers Nikola Špirić ( 2007-12. January 2012)
President of the Council of Ministers Vjekoslav Bevanda ( since 12 January 2012)

Bulgaria Head of state: President Georgi Parvanov ( 2002-22. January 2012)
President Rosen Plevneliev ( since 22 January 2012)

Denmark Head of State: Queen Margrethe II (since 1972)
Head of government: Prime Minister Helle Thorning- Schmidt ( since 2011 )
Faroe Islands ( politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark) Representative of the Danish Government: Empire ombudsman Dan Michael Knudsen ( since 2008)
Head of government: Prime Minister Kaj Leo Johannesen (since 2008)

Representative of the Danish Government: Reichsombudsfrau Mikaela Engell ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Kuupik Kleist (2009-2013)

Germany Head of state: German President Christian Wulff ( 2010-17. February 2012)
Federal President Horst Seehofer (17 February 2012-18. March 2012) (acting)
President Joachim Gauck ( since 18 March 2012)

Estonia Head of state: President Toomas Hendrik Ilves (since 2006)
Head of government: Prime Minister Andrus Ansip (since 2005)

Finland Head of state: President Tarja Halonen ( 2000-1. March 2012)
President Sauli Niinistö (since 1 March 2012)

France Head of state: President Nicolas Sarkozy ( 2007-15. May 2012)
President François Hollande (since May 15, 2012 )

Prime Minister François Fillon ( 2007-15. May 2012)
Prime Minister Jean -Marc Ayrault (May 15, 2012-2014 )

Greece Head of state: President Karolos Papoulias (since 2005)
Head of government: Prime Minister Loukas Papademos ( 2011-16. May 2012)
Prime Minister Panagiotis Pikrammenos (16 May 2012-20. June 2012) (acting)
Prime Minister Andonis Samaras ( since 20 June 2012)

Ireland Head of state: President Michael D. Higgins ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Enda Kenny ( since 2011 )

Iceland Head of state: President Ólafur Ragnar Grimsson (since 1996)
Head of government: Prime Minister Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir (2009-2013)

Italy Head of state: President Giorgio Napolitano (since 2006)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mario Monti (2011-2013) (since December 21, 2012 provisional)

Channel Islands Guernsey Head of state: Duchess Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Vice Governor: Peter Walker ( since 2011 )

Chief Minister Lyndon Trott ( 2008-1. May 2012)
Chief Minister Peter Harwood (1 May 2012-2014 )

Head of state: Duchess Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Lieutenant Governor: John McColl ( since 2011 )

Croatia Head of state: President Ivo Josipovic (since 2010)
Head of Government: Government Minister Zoran Milanovic ( since 2011 )

Latvia Head of state: President Andris Berzins ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis (2009-2014)

Liechtenstein Head of state: Prince Hans -Adam II (since 1989) Regent: Hereditary Prince Alois (since 2004)

Lithuania Head of state: President Dalia Grybauskaite (since 2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Andrius Kubilius (1999-2000, 2008-13. December 2012)
Prime Minister Algirdas Butkevičius ( since 13 December 2012)

Luxembourg Head of State: Grand Duke Henri ( since 2000) (1998-2000 Regent )
Head of government: Minister of State Jean -Claude Juncker (1995-2013)

Malta Head of state: President George Abela (2009-2014)
Head of government: Prime Minister Lawrence Gonzi (2004-2013)

Isle of Man Head of state: Lord of Mann Elizabeth II ( since 1952) Lieutenant Governor Adam Wood ( since 2011 )

Macedonia Head of state: President Gjorge Ivanov ( since 2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski (since 2006)

Moldova Head of state: Parliament Speaker Marian Lupu ( 2010-23. March 2012) (acting)
President Nicolae Timofti ( since 23 March 2012)

Head of state: President Yevgeny Shevchuk ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Pyotr Stepanov (January 18, 2012-2013) ( created Office new)

Monaco Head of State: Prince Albert II (since 2005)
Head of government: Minister of State Michel Roger (since 2010)

Montenegro Head of state: President Filip Vujanović (2002-2003, since 2003) (1998-2003 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Igor Luksic ( 2010-4. December 2012)
Prime Minister Milo Djukanovic (1991-1998, 2003-2006, 2008-2010, since 4 December 2012) (1998-2002 President )

Netherlands Head of state: Queen Beatrix (1980-2013)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mark Rutte (since 2010)

Norway Head of state: King Harald V (since 1991)
Head of government: Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg (2000-2001, 2005-2013)

Austria Head of state: President Heinz Fischer ( since 2004)
Head of government: Chancellor Werner Faymann (since 2008)

Poland Head of state: President Bronisław Komorowski (since 2010)
Head of government: Prime Minister Donald Tusk (since 2007)

Portugal Head of state: President Aníbal Cavaco Silva (since 2006) ( Prime Minister 1985-1995 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho ( since 2011 )

Romania Head of state: President Traian Basescu (since 2004) (10 July 2012-28. Suspended August 2012 )
Senate President Crin Antonescu (10 July 2012-28. August 2012) (acting)

Prime Minister Emil Boc ( 2008-6. February 2012)
Prime Minister Catalin Predoiu (6 February 2012-9. February 2012) (acting)
Mihai Razvan Ungureanu Prime Minister (9 February 2012-7. May 2012)
Prime Minister Victor Ponta ( since 7 May 2012)

Russia Head of state: President Dmitry Medvedev ( 2008-7. May 2012) ( since 2012 Prime Minister )
President Vladimir Putin (1999-2008, since May 7, 2012) (1999-2000, Prime Minister 2008-2012 )

Prime Minister Vladimir Putin (1999-2000, 2008-7. May 2012) ( 1999-2008 President )
Prime Minister Viktor Zubkov (2007-2008, May 7, 2012-8. May 2012) (acting)
Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev ( since 8 May 2012) (2008-2012 President )

San Marino Captains Regent: Gabriele Gatti (1 October 2011-1. April 2012) and Matteo Fiorini (1 October 2011-1. April 2012)
Maurizio Rattini (1996-1997, April 1 2012-1. October 2012 ) and Italo Righi (1 April 2012-1. October 2012 )
Teodoro Lonfernini (1 October 2012-1. April 2013 ) and Denise Bronzetti (1 October 2012-1. April 2013 )

Sweden Head of state: King Carl XVI. Gustaf ( since 1973)
Head of government: Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt (since 2006)

Switzerland Federal President Eveline Widmer -Schlumpf (2012 )
Bundesrat: Doris Leuthard (since 2006)
Eveline Widmer -Schlumpf (since 2008)
Ueli Maurer ( since 2009)
Didier Burkhalter (since 2009)
Johann Schneider -Ammann (since 2010)
Simonetta Sommaruga (since 2010)
Alain Berset (since 1 January 2012)

Serbia Head of state: President Boris Tadić ( 2004-5. April 2012)
Parliament Speaker Slavica Đukić Dejanović (5 April 2012-31. May 2012) (acting)
President Tomislav Nikolić (since 31 May 2012)

Prime Minister Mirko Cvetkovic ( 2008-27. July 2012)
Ivica Dacic Prime Minister ( since 27 July 2012)

President Atifete Jahjaga ( since 2011 )
Head of government: Prime Minister Hashim Thaci (since 2008)

Slovakia Head of state: President Ivan Gasparovic (since 2004)

Prime Minister Iveta Radicova ( 2010-4. April 2012)
Prime Minister Robert Fico (2006-2010, since 4 April 2012)

Slovenia Head of state: President Danilo Türk ( 2007-22. December 2012)
Minister Borut Pahor ( since 22 December 2012) (2008-2012 Prime Minister )

Prime Minister Borut Pahor ( 2008-28. January 2012) ( president since 2012 )
Prime Minister Janez Janša (2004-2008, January 28, 2012-2013)

Spain Head of state: King Juan Carlos I (since 1975)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy ( since 2011 )

Czechia Head of state: President Vaclav Klaus (1993, 2003-2013 ) (1993-1997 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Petr Necas (2010-2013)

Ukraine Head of state: President Viktor Yanukovych (since 2010) (2002-2005, 2006-2007 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Mykola Azarov ( 2004, 2005, since 2010)

Hungary Head of state: President Pál Schmitt ( 2010-2. April 2012)
Parliament President László Kövér (2 April 2012-10. May 2012) (acting)
President János Áder (since May 10, 2012 )

Vatican City Head of state: Pope Benedict XVI. (2005-2013)
Head of government: President of the Governorate Giuseppe Bertello ( since 2011 )

United Kingdom Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952) ( crowned 1953)
Head of government: Prime Minister David Cameron ( since 2010)

Belarus Head of state: President Alexander Lukashenko (since 1994)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mikhail Myasnikovich (since 2010)

Republic of Cyprus Heads of State and Head of Government: President Dimitris Christofias (2008-2013)
Northern Cyprus ( internationally unrecognized ) Head of state: President Derviş Eroğlu (since 2010) ( 1985-1994, 1996-2004, 2009-2010 Prime Minister )
Head of government: Prime Minister Irsen Küçük (2010-2013)

Comments

2012
List ( state leaders by year )

Hesham Qandil List of heads of government of Algeria Yayi Boni List of heads of government of Burkina Faso Luc-Adolphe Tiao The Gambia Adiato Djaló Nandigna Prime Minister of Cameroon List of heads of government of Cape Verde People's Republic of the Congo Denis Sassou-Nguesso List of heads of government of Lesotho Abdurrahim El-Keib Ali Zeidan List of rulers of Morocco List of heads of government of Morocco Prime Minister of Namibia Gabriel Costa Prime Minister of Senegal James Michel Prime Minister of Somalia Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud List of Kings of Swaziland List of Prime Ministers of Tanzania Mizengo Pinda Prime Minister of Tunisia Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Abdelkader Taleb Omar List of Governors General of Canada List of Prime Ministers of Canada Stephen Harper List of governors-general of Antigua and Barbuda Baldwin Spencer The Bahamas Governor-General of the Bahamas Governor-General of Barbados Elliott Belgrave Freundel Stuart Dean Barrow List of heads of government of Dominica Roosevelt Skerrit Governor-General of Grenada List of heads of government of Grenada Tillman Thomas Prime Minister of Haiti Governor-General of Jamaica Prime Minister of Jamaica Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis List of Prime Ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis Denzil Douglas Governor-General of Saint Lucia List of Prime Ministers of Saint Lucia Kenny Anthony List of Governors-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines List of Prime Ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago List of Prime Ministers of Guyana Prime Minister of Peru List of Prime Ministers of Suriname List of Prime Ministers of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina Druk Gyalpo List of Sultans of Brunei Wu Den-yih Sean Chen (politician) List of Prime Ministers of India Manmohan Singh Kim Yong-nam List of Prime Ministers of South Korea Prime Minister of Malaysia List of Prime Ministers of Nepal Prime Minister of East Timor List of Prime Ministers of Pakistan List of Sri Lankan monarchs List of Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka D. M. Jayaratne List of Prime Ministers of Thailand Prime Minister of Armenia Bako Sahakyan Arayik Harutyunyan King of Bahrain Bidzina Ivanishvili Abkhazia List of kings of Jordan List of emirs of Kuwait Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah List of rulers of Oman Wael Nader al-Halqi Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan Prime Minister of Mongolia List of governors-general of Australia Julia Gillard Prime Minister of the Cook Islands Henry Puna Prime Minister of Fiji Jurelang Zedkaia List of Governors-General of New Zealand John Key Toke Talagi Governor-General of Papua New Guinea Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Governor-General of Solomon Islands Prime Minister of Solomon Islands Gordon Darcy Lilo Prime Minister of Tonga Governors-general of Tuvalu Willy Telavi Prime Minister of Vanuatu Sali Berisha Albert II of Belgium Helle Thorning-Schmidt Jyrki Katainen List of Prime Ministers of France Jean-Marc Ayrault List of Prime Ministers of Greece Lucas Papademos Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein List of heads of government of Liechtenstein List of Prime Ministers of Luxembourg Jean-Claude Juncker Chief Minister of the Isle of Man Allan Bell Beatrix of the Netherlands List of Prime Ministers of Portugal List of Captains Regent of San Marino, 1700–1900 Federal Council (Switzerland) Prime Minister of Kosovo

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